• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.25-31
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to increase the thermal efficiency of a landfill gas (LFG) power generation engine by capturing carbon dioxide (CO₂) from landfill gas (LFG) using monoethanolamine (MEA), which is widely used in the chemical CO₂ absorption process. Since the use of LFG as an energy source can be a means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, MEA can be used to reduce CO₂ in LFG and increase the concentration of CH₄ to improve the efficiency of power generation. In this study, experiments were conducted to measure the solubility of CO₂ and CH₄ in MEA solution, increase the solubility under different conditions, and analyse the dissolution characteristics. It was found that the CO₂ absorption rate increased as the ratio of MEA to reaction gas increased. There is an optimum MEA concentration to maximise CO₂ solubility, and even if the concentration is increased above this concentration, the solubility does not improve significantly. This study provided fundamental work to develop a more practical fuel by capturing CO₂ from LFG and increasing the concentration of CH₄ while reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.901-905
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• 2010

Emissions of leachate, odor, and landfill gas(LFG) from an open-dumping landfill site do harm to public health by contaminating neighboring soil, underground water, and rivers. Particularly, methane($CH_4$) and carbon dioxide($CO_2$), the main components of LFG, are especially noted as the causing material of the global warming that become seriously recognized worldwide issue. As one of alternatives in managing LFG, incineration of inflammable wastes that are generated during excavation process at an open-dumping landfill has been evaluated. Standard on stabilization for evaluation, neither $CH_4$ density nor $CO_2$ density could not Because meet 'less than 5%' criterion and so it is right to install a gas collection system during landfill renewal to prevent diffusion of odor and collect it. Because it shows considerable heating value, incineration of inflammable wastes might be the reasonable solution from the result of our study.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2009

As new small scale LFG (landfill gas) energy project model which can improve economic feasibility limited due to the economy of scale, LFG-Microturbine combined heat and power system with $CO_2$ fertilization into greenhouses was proposed and investigated including basic design process prior to the system installation at Gwang-ju metro sanitary landfill. The system features $CH_4$ enrichment for stable microturbine operation, reduction of compressor power consumption and low CO emission, and $CO_2$ supplement into greenhouse for enhancement plant growth. From many other researches, high $CO_2$ concentration was found to enhance $CO_2$ assimilation (also known as photosynthesis reaction) which converts $CO_2$ and $H_2O$ to sugar using light energy. For small scale landfills which produce LFG under $3\;m^3$/min, among currently available prime movers, microturbine is the most suitable power generation system and its low electric efficiency can be improved with heat recovery. Besides, since its exhaust gas contains very low level of harmful contaminants to plant growth such as NOx, CO and SOx, microturbine exhaust gas is a suitable and economically advantageous $CO_2$ source for $CO_2$ fertilization in greenhouse. The LFG-Microturbine combined heat and power generation system with $CO_2$ fertilization into greenhouse gas to enhance plant growth is technologically and economically feasible and improves economical feasibility compared to other small scale LFG energy project model.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.165-172
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• 1999

Landfill gas has merely half heating value compared with liquified natural gas but can be greatly utilized as a commercial fuel. The authors have examined emission characteristics as well as measured burning velocity of LFG mixed gas which contains plenty of $CO_{2}$. With the viewpoint of fuel utilization, flame stability could be one of important characteristics of LFG. In this study, the comparison experiments are conducted between $CH_{4}$ and LFG for searching the region of flame stabilization based upon the flame blowout at maximum fuel stream velocity. As a result, it is found that stabilization region of LFG is not improved with that of $CH_{4}$ in non-swirl/or weak swirl jet diffusion flame. However, it is also known that flame stability is hardly affected by inert gas in the strong swirl with considering widened flame stabilization region of LFG rather than LNG.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.313-320
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• 2009

Indonesian Ministry of Environment estimates that each year 170 cities and regencies in Indonesia produce 45,764,354.30 $m^3$ or approximately 11,441,091.08 ton of solid waste. Unfortunately, unsustainable management system has created a severe waste problem, hazardous to health and environment. This paper deals with the problem and offers some solutions. They are 3R (Reduce Reuse and Recycle), waste-to-energy concept and landfill gas (LFG) utilization. While 3R policy has been adopted by the government, the remaining two technologies are still dormant. Thus the paper provides a complete yet compact analysis of technology, economics, and environment aspect of waste-to-energy and LFG. Given the facts of waste production and management in Indonesia, the purpose is to encourage Government of Indonesia and other stake holders (including international community) to explore and exploit this potential. Potential of reducing waste negative externality while receiving extra revenue. Two bird with a stone.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.328-335
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• 2002

In this study, experiments were performed to investigate the characteristics of flame stabilization of the LFG mixing gas. LFG has merely half heating value compared with liquified natural gas but can be greatly utilized as a commercial fuel. In order to use LFG in practical combustors, Webbe Index and heating value of LFG mixing gas were adjusted by mixing LPG with LFG. The comparisons were conducted between CH$_4$and LFG mixing gas for searching the region of flame stabilization based upon the flame blowout at maximum fuel stream velocity. As a result, the flame stability of LFG mixing gas was not improved with that of CH$_4$in non-swirl and weak swirl diffusion flame. However, LFG mixing gas had wide flame stabilization region rather than CH$_4$with increasing ambient flow rate in strong swirl. It was also found that flame stability was affected by included quantity of inert gas such as CO$_2$in the weak swirl but by heating value of fuel in strong swirl.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 2020

Sudokwon landfill("Sudokwon" means regions of Seoul, Kyunggi and Incheon metropolitan cities in Korea), the world's largest sanitary landfill, has been systematically managing statistics on the incoming and dumping wastes and satisfactorily controlling pollutants including leachate and LFG. According to our long time experience of LFG field monitoring, the emission of GHG from landfill estimated by the IPCC Guideline showed much difference with our results. C&D waste has high concentration of sulfate compared to other wastes. Increased C&D waste of dumping waste had changed the COD/sulfate ratio in the landfill, which caused the increase of H₂S gas and the decrease of CH₄ gas. But the IPCC estimation method does not consider the effects of sulfate. In addition to that, the oxidation factor of the cover soil is set to the default values of 0.1 but the measured values by the field monitoring, are showing much higher than that, especially in the closed landfill.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.201-211
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• 2001

The most general treatment method of municipal solid waste is a landfill. The LFG (landfill gas) migration is a serious problem in environmental aspect. The object of this study is to present the possibility of LFG utilization as a replacement or supplementary fuel for local energy -demand. We have developed the EXCEL program for the economic analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.171-180
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• 1999

In this study, the burning velocity of LFG and LFG mixing fuels related with flame stabilization have been analyzed numerically using C3 reaction mechanism which consists of 92 species and 621 reaction for using LFG. The results show that the burning velocities of LFG and LFG mixing fuels are obtained as a function of CH$_4$ and LFG percent in stoichiometric conditions. Also, a correlation of the burning velocities LFG and LFG mixing fuels are obtained over a wide range of equivalence ratio. The comparison of burning velocity from correlation with that calculated numerically show good agreements. From these results, the proposed burning velocity correlations for LFG and LFG mixing fuels can be applied for the practice of LFG.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.793-802
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• 2009

Adsorption properties were estimated for the organic silicon compounds (siloxanes) in an actual landfill gas (LFG) using adsorbents such as coconut activated carbon, coal activated carbon, silica gel, sulfur adsorbent, carbonized sludge, and molecular sieve 13X. Coconut activated carbon showed the highest removal efficiency of more than 95%. The desorption of hexamethyldisiloxane (L2) from the adsorbent, however, resulted in the remarkable concentration variation of the compound in the treated gas. Silica gel, which had high adsorption capacity for L2 in single substance adsorption experiment in the other study, could not remove the component in the actual landfill gas while it adsorbed well octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) in the LFG. Therefore the elimination of hexamethyldisiloxane is an important factor to determine the level of total organosilicon compound in pretreated landfill gas. Moreover, the L2 from the actual landfill gas was effectively adsorbed by the serial adsorption test using two columns packed with coconut activated carbon which has the great capacity of siloxanes removal among others. In order to utilize efficiently LFG as a renewable energy, the emission and adsorptive characteristics of the substance to be treated should be considered for the organization, operation, and management of pretreatment process.