• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.177-180
• /
• 2003

Pasteuria penetrans KW1 (PP), parasitic bacterium of nematode, was isolated from oriental melon greenhouse soil in Korea and evaluated for the suppression effect on the reproduction of southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (MI), in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Chungchima) and oriental melon (Cucumis melo L. var. Eunchun). Pot experiments were conducted by planting the lettuce seedlings in medium inoculated with 5,000 MI juveniles/pot (J), J +100,000 PP endospores/l g medium, and J +200,000 PP endospores/1 g medium. After 11 weeks of plantation, number of root galls in J +200,000 PP endospores/1 g medium was decreased to 92/root (38.9%, control effect), compared to the J of 150/root. In the second plantation of lettuce in the same pots, the numbers of root gall were significantly decreased in PP treated pots with 75 (77.2%, control effect) and 150/root (54.4%, control effect) in J +200,000 and J +100,000 PP endospores/1 g medium, respectively, compared to the J of 330/root when harvested at 10 weeks after planting. In oriental melon, root gall percentages were 32.1 (60.2%, control effect) and 52.9％ (34.5%, control effect) in J +200,000 and J + 1(10,000 endospores/l g medium which were significantly lower than that of 80.7％ in J.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.212-220
• /
• 1987

토양으로 부터 분리된 세포의 adenine deaminase를 생산하는 방선균인 J-275L 균주의 분류학적 특성 및 효소생산 조건이 검토도었다. J-275L 균주는 균사가 간상 또는 구상의 절편으로 단절되며, 세포벽의 아미노산 성부능로서 LL-diaminopimelic acid를 함유하고 mycolic acid를 함유하지 않아TEk. 분류학적 검색 결과 분리균 J-275L을 Nocardiovides sp. J-275L로 명명하였다. Nocardioides sp. J-275에 의한 세포외 adenine deaminasem이 생산조건을 검토한 결과, 효소생산을 위한 최적배지는 0.5% dextrin, 0.5% peptone, 1% yeast extract 및 0.2% $K_{2}HPO_{4}$로 설정되었으며, 배지의 최적 pH는 7.5이었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.210-216
• /
• 1994

Phage utilizing medium and BL agar supplemented with antibiotic Tc(tetracycline) were developed as selective media for the isolation and counting of bifidobacteria in dairy products. The former was based on the host specificity of phage. When bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus casei HY 2782 were mixed together in dairy product, L. casei HY 2782 was laysed by J1 phage which has host specificity to L. casei HY 2782 whereas bifidobacteria grew well on the selective medium added wIth J1 phage. The latter was found to inhibit the growth of S. salivarius subsp. thermophilus, L. acidophilus, and L. casei, but commercial bifidobacteria grew well in Tc-containing BL agar.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.245-250
• /
• 1985

효모의 구연산 생산성을 향상시키기 위하여 구연산 생성이 향상된 변이균주를 분리.사용하여 비교적 높은 당농도에서의 구연산발효 및 균체 순환식 반연속배양에 의한 구연산발효 실험을 실시하였다. 친균주인 Candida lipolytica S-109를 NTG처리하여 친주균에 비하여 구연산생성능이 30%정도 향상되고 fumarate, malate, isocitrate 생성이 억제된 변이균주 J-24를 분리하였다. 친균주 S-109와 변이균주 J-24를 10% glucose 함유 배지에서 6일간 배양하여 각각 56g/l, 72g/l의 구연산을 생성하였다. 배양액내의 구연산축적량을 향상시키기 위한 비교적 높은 glucose농도는 16%였으며 85g/l의 구연산을 생성하여 53% 수율을 보였다. P/C비, urea 및 yeast extract 농도를 각각 0.8-1.0 $\times$ $10^{-3}$, 0.15%, 0.25%로 할 때 93g/l의 구연산을 축적하여 58% 수율로 향상되었다. 효율적인 생산기를 연장하고 생산물 저해를 억제하며 유도기를 단축하기 위하여 균체순환식 반연속배양을 실시한 결과 그 생산성이 0.79g/l.h로서 회분식의 053g/l.h에 비하여 1.5배 높았다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2017

The formation of brown colonies due to phenol oxidase activity on classic agar media containing natural material extracts of Helianthus annuus or on medium containing L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine has been used to identify Cryptococcus species complex. In this study, various natural materials were used to develop a modified medium and to identify five major serotypes of Cryptococcus species complex. Serotypes A, D, and A/D were pigmented on medium using Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara (PerJ agar) after a three-day incubation. Serotypes B and C were pigmented on PerJ agar after four- and five-day incubations, respectively. Growth time and pigmentation of the five serotypes occurred more rapidly on PerJ agar than on the other media. In addition, colony morphology, size, and pigmentation were specific by serotype. In conclusion, PerJ agar should be used in clinic settings to identify Cryptococcus species complex and its serotypes rapidly.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.139-148
• /
• 2010

Jatropha curcas L. (Physic nut) is a commercially important non-edible oil seed crop known for its use as an alternate source of biodiesel. In order to investigate the morphogenic potential of immature embryo, explants from four developmental stages were cultured on medium supplemented with combinations of auxins and cytokinins. It was found that the size of embryo is critical for the establishment of callus. Immature embryos (1.1-1.5 cm) obtained from the fruits 6 weeks after pollination showed a good response of morphogenic callus induction (85.7%) and subsequent plant regeneration (70%) with the maximum number of plantlets (4.7/explant) on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with IBA (0.5 $mg\;l^{-1}$) and BA (1.0 $mg\;l^{-1}$). The above medium when supplemented with growth adjuvants such as 100 $mg\;l^{-1}$ casein hydrolysate + 200 $mg\;l^{-1}$ L-glutamine + 8.0 $mg\;l^{-1}$ $CuSO_4$ resulted in an even higher frequency of callus induction (100%). Plant regeneration (90%) with the maximum number of plantlets (10/explant) was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 500 $mg\;l^{-1}$ polyvinyl pyrrolidone + 30 $mg\;l^{-1}$ citric acid + 1 $mg\;l^{-1}$ BA + 0.5 $mg\;l^{-1}$ Kn + 0.25 $mg\;l^{-1}$ IBA. It was observed that plantlet regeneration could occur either through organogenesis of morphogenic callus or via multiplication of pre-existing meristem in immature embryos. The age of immature embryos and addition of a combination of growth adjuvants to the culture medium appear to be critical for obtaining high regeneration rates. Well-developed shoots rooted on half-halfstrength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 $mg\;l^{-1}$ IBA and 342 $mg\;l^{-1}$ trehalose. The rooted plants after acclimatization were successfully transferred to the field in different agro-climatic zones in India. This protocol has been successfully evaluated on five elite lines of J. curcas.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.543-549
• /
• 1996

고농도 카드뮴이 함유된 배지에셔 금속 결합 단백 질인 metallothioneion 유전자로 형질전환된 재조합 S. cerevtswe BZ-pJ의 생육과 카드뮴 흡착에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 카드뮴 농도가 높아짐에 따라 재조합 효모의 lag phase가 비례적으로 길어졌으며 성장은 전반적으로 느려졌고 건조균체농도도 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 카드융 220 mg/L인 배지에서 카드뮴 제거 효율이 58.6%로서 최고치를 보였다. 카드뮴 배지에 구리가 10 mg/L의 구리가 첨가 될 경우 첨가되지 않은 경우보다 재조합 효모의 spe cific cadmium uptake는 더 높아졌고, lag phase 가 2 내지 4일 정도 더 짧아졌다. 10 mg/L의 구리가 첨가된 카드뮴 630 mg/L 배지에서 자란 재조합 효모는 52.6 mg $Cd^{2+}$/g dry cell을 축적하였다. 카드뮴 680 mg/L 배지에 구리의 첨가량이 11에서 33 mg/L로 증가됨 에 따라 specific cadmium up­t take가 17.0에서 42.0 mg $Cd^{2+}$/L dry cell로 증가하였다. 건조균체농도, specific cadmium uptake rate, 카드뮴 제거 효율 등이 전반적으로 향상되였다. 카드융 100 mg/L에서 척응한 재조합 효모가 본배양 배지로 옮겨질 때 최단기간의 lag phase를 보였지만 가장 낮은 비성장속도를 나타내였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.369-375
• /
• 1991

A series of in vitro incubation studies with washed rumen bacteria were conducted to determine the influence of incubation time and concentrations of peptides, alanine, ammonia nitrogen and carbohydrate on the rate of peptide disappearance and on bacterial growth. Disappearance rate of tri-alanine (ala3) under various conditions was between 30.6 and $58.2mg\;hr^-$ per gram bacterial dry matter. Ala3 was removed from the incubation medium in an almost linear fashion as incubation time and ala3 concentration was increased. Washed rumen bacteria utilized ala3 faster than di-l-alanine (ala2) at all concentrations. Adding 9mM carbohydrate significantly increased ala3 disappearance, but level of ammonia nitrogen had no influence on ala3 disappearance. The presence of alanine in the medium significantly lowered ala3 utilization by rumen bacteria. Bacterial dry matter and nitrogen growth yield were not influenced by alanine and peptides when incubation medium already contained a sufficient level of ammonia nitrogen. Increased ammonia nitrogen in the presence of ala3 did not stimulate bacterial growth. Carbohydrate significantly increased bacterial dry matter and nitrogen growth as expected. Results indicate that the rate of peptide utilization by rumen bacteria may be altered by type and concentration of peptides, and energy supply, and this may be mediated through changes in numbers and type of bacteria.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.267-272
• /
• 2005

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were regenerated via organogenesis from mature embryonic axes, cultured on MS medium supplemented with ildole-3-ecetic acid (IAA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) for one week in the dark. Embryonic axillary regions were excised, longitudinally cut to split the both sides, and cultured for two weeks on MS medium supplemented with IAA and TDZ. The combination 0.5 mg $l^{-1}$ TDZ/0.5 mg $l^{-1}$ IAA presented the higher efficiency in shoot regeneration and the combination 0.5 mg $l^{-1}$ TDZ/0.25 mg $l^{-1}$ IAA presented the higher efficiency in conversion of shoots to plants. Regenerating explants were transferred to MS medium containing 1 mg $l^{-1}$ BAP for shoot development. All elongated shoots were rooted in vitro, presented normal phenotype and produced viable seeds. Histological analysis confirmed the mode of regeneration as de novo shoot organogenesis.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we would like to show unexpected morphogenic potential of cell suspensions derived from seedling explants of Gentiana kurroo (Royle). Suspension cultures were established with the use of embryogenic callus derived from seedling explants (root, hypocotyl and cotyledons). Proembryogenic mass proliferated in liquid MS medium supplemented with $0.5mg\;l^{-1}$ 2,4-D and $1.0mg\;l^{-1}$ Kin. The highest growth coefficient was achieved for root derived cell suspensions. The microscopic analysis showed differences in aggregate structure depending on their size. To assess the embryogenic capability of the particular culture, 100 mg of cell aggregates was implanted on MS agar medium supplemented with Kin ($0.0-2.0mg\;l^{-1}$), $GA_3$ ($0.0-2.0mg\;l^{-1}$) and AS ($80.0mg\;l^{-1}$). The highest number of somatic embryos was obtained for cotyledon-derived cell suspension on $GA_3$-free medium, but the best morphological quality of embryos was observed in the presence of $0.5-1.0mg\;l^{-1}$ Kin, $0.5mg\;l^{-1}$ $GA_3$ and $80.0mg\;l^{-1}$ AS. The morphogenic competence of cultures also depended on the size of the aggregate fraction and was lower when size of aggregates decreased. Flow cytometry analysis reveled luck of uniformity of regenerants derived from hypocotyl suspension and 100% of uniformity for cotyledon suspension.