• 제목/요약/키워드: Korean linguistics

검색결과 603건 처리시간 0.021초

한국어사에서 20세기 초 한국어의 위상과 문법 특징 (Historic Status and Grammatical Characteristics of Korean language in the Early 20th Century)

  • 홍종선
    • 한국어학
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    • 제71권
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    • pp.1-22
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    • 2016
  • The early 20th century is a period of time when Korea confronted with the surging waves of modernization, and made a variety of internal reactions. The Korean language, not immune to the upheaval, also experienced new changes and gradually gained characteristics of today's Korean. Although scholars have not yet fully agreed upon the time division of Korean, Gabo reformation (1896) is usually considered to be the beginning of modern Korean. Thus, the early 20th century was also the beginning of modern Korean. Phonological, lexical, and grammatical characteristics of modern day Korean began to appear during this period of time. Phonologically, the 10 vowel system was established, glottal sounds and aspirated sounds increased, vowel harmony declined. Phenomena such as vowel raising, front-vowelization, monophthongization, and the word-initial rule appeared. Meanwhile, hangul-Chinese mix writing became common practice, and hangul-only writing also started to take place in narrative writing, and elements of spoken language began to reflect in written language. All those pointed to the unification of written and spoken language. Under the influence of modernization, a great amount of new words appeared. Especially, Japanese and other foreign words flooded in in great quantities. Grammatically, '-eos-(-엇-), -neun-(-는-), -ges-(-겟-)' trichotomy system of tenses was established, and hearer-oriented honorific system also formed a binary system of 'hasoseo(하소서), hasibsio(하십시오), hao(하오), hage(하게), haera(해라)' and 'hae (해), haeyo(해요)'. In word formation and sentence construction, the use of '-gi(-기)' became more frequent than '-eum(-음)', while '~geot(~것)' also significantly increased. In negative, causative and passive expressions, the use of long form, which has fewer restrictions than the short form, became more frequent. A tendency towards simplicity appeared. In the same vain, long and complex sentences with several clauses tend to be avoided. Instead, short simple sentences became more favorable. Korean linguistics scholars should pay closer attention to the modernization period, which includes the early 20th century. In order to fully understand today's Korean language, more thorough research on this immediately preceding period is necessary.

실내환경의 Sign System에 의한 인지적 접근성 변화에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Transformation of the Cognitive Approachability by Sign System of Interior Environment)

  • 오인욱;이창윤
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제28호
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 2001
  • There are many types of linguistical system generally being used in modern society and it is essential to understand the primary components comprising the linguistical system when communication by the language system. In the linguistics point of view, the sign system has been developed from the simple linguistic symbols used by our ancestors in the ancient period, those visual linguistic sign can be so symbolize and express simply the significant meaning of it that people can understand and communicate with it so fast and easily. Therefore, the purpose of this report is how the sign system can be convenient, handy, safe, comfortable, and confusion-proof to the occupants as the public media; easily understandable to the individual by the development and constitution of effectual signage system concerning guidance, direction and safeguards in thee visual linguistics point of view. Consequently, the sign system have been studied based upon the theory of visual perception considering the cognitive and sociopsychological affects of user.

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Prosody in Spoken Language Processing

  • Schafer Amy J.;Jun Sun-Ah
    • 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국음향학회 2000년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집 제19권 1호
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    • pp.7-10
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    • 2000
  • Studies of prosody and sentence processing have demonstrated that prosodic phrasing can exhibit strong effects on processing decisions in English. In this paper, we tested Korean sentence fragments containing syntactically ambiguous Adj-N1-N2 strings in a cross-modal naming task. Four accentual phrasing patterns were tested: (a) the default phrasing pattern, in which each word forms an accentual phrase; (b) a phrasing biased toward N1 modification; (c) a phrasing biased toward complex-NP modification; and (d) a phrasing used with adjective focus. Patterns (b) and (c) are disambiguating phrasings; the other two are commonly found with both interpretations and are thus ambiguous. The results showed that the naming time of items produced in the prosody contradicting the semantic grouping is significantly longer than that produced in either default or supporting prosody, We claim that, as in English, prosodic information in Korean is parsed into a well-formed prosodic representation during the early stages of processing. The partially constructed prosodic representation produces incremental effects on syntactic and semantic processing decisions and is retained in memory to influence reanalysis decisions.

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일치와 이동 (Agree and Move.)

  • 박승혁
    • 한국영어학회지:영어학
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    • 제1권4호
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    • pp.561-585
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    • 2001
  • It has been claimed recently that the two computational operations Move and Agree of Chomsky (2000, 2001a) should be separated into distinct and independent operations. According to this view, Move is an “operation that applies only to meet an EPP-feature of a functional category.” It is also claimed under that analysis that “a candidate for Move is simply a syntactic object with phonetic content.” The purpose of this short paper is to show that the operation Move should still be viewed as composite; hence it must have the operation Agree as one of its prerequisites. We argue that the EPP feature of T may not be analyzed as an independent feature that triggers overt displacement in syntax. Under Chomsky's (2000, 2001a) theory, displacement in syntax must require the probe-goal (P, G) association before the actual movement takes place. It is shown in this paper that in order for an element $\beta$ to raise to the [Spec, T] position, the $\varphi$-features of T must establish a (P, G) relation with those of $\beta$ prior to movement. In short, Move requires Agree, the EPP feature being dependent on the minimal $\varphi$-feature [person] of nominals.

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How Anaphors Recover Their References

  • Lee, Hyeran
    • 한국영어학회지:영어학
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    • 제1권4호
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    • pp.629-649
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    • 2001
  • This paper aims to provide an account for the English anaphors under the framework of the recent development of minimalism (Chomsky 1999, 2001). I propose that the anaphor has the uninterpretable [a] feature. The Agree operation erases the [a] feature by feature match. Once the [a] is deleted, the derivation converges, providing a proper interpretation of the anaphor. When there is no matching phi-features, the [a] cannot be eliminated, inducing the derivation to crash. The Agree operation can account for not only the typical local binding cases in English but the apparent long-distance binding cases in the picture-DP and expletive constructions. Consequently, the traditional concept of the binding domain and dichotomy between local and long-distance types are abandoned in favor of the analysis under the framework of minimalism. The minimalist accounts thus maximally simplifies the binding principles, using the general operation Agree only.

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