• Title/Summary/Keyword: Korean lead workers.

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The Relationship of Lew-Level Blood Lead to Plasma Renin Activity and Blood Pressure (저농도 혈중연과 혈장레닌활성도 및 혈압과의 관련성)

  • Park, Soon-Woo;Kim, Doo-Hie
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.24 no.4 s.36
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    • pp.516-530
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    • 1991
  • A case-control study was conducted to investigate the effect of low-level blood lead on the blood pressure. The plasma renin activity(PRA) was measured also to investigate one of the possible mechanisms by which lead nay play a role to influence on the blood pressure. Seventy-two hypertensive and sixty -nine control study subjects were selected from the workers who had no history of b-related lead exposure, in Ulsan city and it's vicinity, Korea. In addition to measuring blood lead levels and PRA, body mass index(BMI), hematocrit, serum sodium, potassium, creatinine, ionized calcium, and cholesterol were measured. Also, the habits of smoking, alcohol drinking and family history of hypertension were checked. The blood lead level of the hypertensive group was $19.8{\pm}5.5{\mu}g/dl$, which was significantly higher than that of the control group, $12.5{\pm}4.7{\mu}g/dl$(p<0.01). On multiple logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio of blood lead level on the occurence of high blood pressure was 1.38, also statistically significant (p<0.01). There was no significant differences between the hypertensive and the control group in the PRA or In (PRA), but there was a marginally significant linear relationship between blood lead and PRA in the hypertensive group(p<0.1). In conclusion, blood lead level which has been known to be within normal limits may be one of the possible risk factors of hypertension and PRA alteration by lead may act as one of the mechanisms.

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Relationship between Traumatic Events, Stress Coping Strategies and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms among Social Workers in Public Sector (사회복지전담공무원의 외상사건 및 스트레스 대처방식과 외상후스트레스증상 관련성)

  • Lee, Junghyun H.;Kim, Jiae;Sim, Minyoung;Jeon, Kyoungsun;Oh, Seunga;Yang, Jungll;Lee, Yunglyul
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.55-62
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    • 2015
  • Objectives Social workers can suffer from occupational stress resulting from dealing with clients, which might lead to metal health problems. We aimed to investigate the association of duty-related traumatic experiences and stress coping strategies with post-traumatic stress symptoms among social workers in public sector. Methods A total of 110 social workers in public sector (men 30.9%, $36.5{\pm}7.6$ yrs) participated in this study. All subjects were evaluated the frequency and the impact of duty-related traumatic events. Additionally, they completed questionnaires including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised for post-traumatic stress symptoms, the Beck Depression Inventory-II for depressive symptoms, the Scale for Suicidal Ideation for suicide symptoms and the Ways of Coping Checklist for stress coping strategies. Results The most frequent traumatic events were "Violent or abusive language from a client" (95.0%) and "Client made a fuss" (94.5%). The most distressing traumatic event was "Seeing a dead body on duty" (7.6 out of 10), which predicted post-traumatic stress symptoms (odds ratio 4.04 ; 95% confidence interval, 1.79-9.11). Among 4 types of stress coping strategies, the emotion-focused coping was positively correlated with post-traumatic stress symptoms after controlling age and sex (${\beta}$ = 0.50, p < 0.001). Conclusions Social workers in public sector showed high level of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Duty-related traumatic events and the emotional-focused coping strategies were associated with the severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms. The modification of stress coping strategies would alleviate post-traumatic stress symptoms in social workers in public sector.

The relationships between lead exposure indicies and urinary δ-ALA by HPLC and colorimetric method in lead exposure workers (연노출근로자에 있어서 흡광광도법과 HPLC법에 의한 요중 δ-ALA 배설량과 연노출지표들 간의 관련성)

  • Ahn, Kyu-Dong;Lee, Sung-Soo;Hwangbo, Young;Lee, Gab-Soo;Yeon, You-Yong;Kim, Yong-Bae;Lee, Byung-Kook
    • Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.77-87
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    • 1996
  • In order to compare the difference of the measurement of delta aminolevulinic acid(${\delta}$-ALA) in urine between HPLC method(HALA) and colorimetric method(CALA), and also to provide useful information for the new diagnostic criteria of ${\delta}$-ALA in urine in lead poisoning, if at all possible in the future, authors studied 234 male lead workers who were selected from 7 storage battery factories, 3 secondary smelting industries, and 2 litharge making industries. Study subjects were selected on the basis of blood Zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) level from low to high concentration to cover wide range of lead exposure. Study variables for this study were ${\delta}$-ALA measured by two different methods, blood lead(PbB), and blood ZPP. The results were as follows: 1. There was very high correlation between ${\delta}$-ALA measured by two method(r = 0.989 : HALA = -0.8194 + 0.8110 ${\times}$ CALA), but the value of CALA was measured about 2mg/L greater than HALA. 2. While the correlations of ${\delta}$-ALA by two method with blood lead and blood ZPP were 0.46 and 0.37 respectively, they were increased to 0.63 and 0.57 if ${\delta}$-ALA values were log-transformed. 3. Simple linear regression of ${\delta}$-ALA measured by two method on ZPP were as follows: CALA = 2.0421 + 0.0341 ${\times}$ ZPP ($R^2=0.1385$ p = 0.0001) HALA = 0.8006 + 0.0280 ${\times}$ ZPP ($R^2=0.1389$ p = 0.0001) 4. Simple linear regression of ${\delta}$-ALA measured by two method on PbB were as follows: CALA = - 0.4134 + 0.1545 ${\times}$ PbB ($R^2=0.2085$ p = 0.0001) HALA = -1.2893 + 0.1287 PbB ($R^2=0.2154$ p = 0.0001), 5. Simple linear regression of log-transformed ${\delta}$-ALA by two method on ZPP and PbB were as follows: logHALA = 0.3078 + 0.0060 ZPP ($R^2=0.3329$ p = 0.0001) logCALA = 1.0189 + 0.0044 ZPP ($R^2=0.3290$ p = 0.0001) logHALA = -0.0221 + 0.0246 PbB ($R^2=0.4046$ p = 0.0001) logCALA = 0.7662 + 0.0184 PbB ($R^2=0.4108$ p = 0.0001) 6. The cumulative percent of colorimetric method to detect lead workers whose value of PbS and ZPP were over screening level such as $40{\mu}/dl$ and $100{\mu}/dl$ respectively was higher than HPLC method if cut-off level of ${\delta}$-ALA for screening of lead poisoning was 5 mg/L. But if cut-off level of ${\delta}$-ALA measured by HPLC was reduced to 3 mg/L which is compatible to 5 mg/L of ${\delta}$-ALA measured by colorimetric method, there were good agreement between two methods and showed dose-response relationship with other lead exposure indices such as PbB and ZPP.

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The Alternatives and Perspectives on Family-friendly Support in Business for Care Work-Focused on Community Involvement and Role of the Family-friendly Support Center- (기업의 가족친화적 돌봄지원사업의 대안과 방향 -지역사회확대와 가족친화지원센터의 역할을 중심으로-)

  • Jeong, Young Keum
    • Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.93-109
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    • 2012
  • Many leading companies provide family-friendly policies for a good work-family balance and to increase the productivity of their workers. The workers receive such benefits as family leaves or financial support for caring for their dependents. But the employees need much more support than these benefits to properly care for their families. This study examines the role of the companies in the expansion of family-friendly policies to the community. A few companies see community relations-such as investing in community programs-as linked to work-family policies. Accordingly, this study suggests the best practices and alternatives of many companies. This study also examines the role and perspectives of the Family-Friendly Support Center as an organization that can lead the community involvement of the business. This center can promote the company's collaboration and network of stakeholders.

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Application of Deep Learning Algorithm for Detecting Construction Workers Wearing Safety Helmet Using Computer Vision (건설현장 근로자의 안전모 착용 여부 검출을 위한 컴퓨터 비전 기반 딥러닝 알고리즘의 적용)

  • Kim, Myung Ho;Shin, Sung Woo;Suh, Yong Yoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.29-37
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    • 2019
  • Since construction sites are exposed to outdoor environments, working conditions are significantly dangerous. Thus, wearing of the personal protective equipments such as safety helmet is very important for worker safety. However, construction workers are often wearing-off the helmet as inconvenient and uncomportable. As a result, a small mistake may lead to serious accident. For this, checking of wearing safety helmet is important task to safety managers in field. However, due to the limited time and manpower, the checking can not be executed for every individual worker spread over a large construction site. Therefore, if an automatic checking system is provided, field safety management should be performed more effectively and efficiently. In this study, applicability of deep learning based computer vision technology is investigated for automatic checking of wearing safety helmet in construction sites. Faster R-CNN deep learning algorithm for object detection and classification is employed to develop the automatic checking model. Digital camera images captured in real construction site are used to validate the proposed model. Based on the results, it is concluded that the proposed model may effectively be used for automatic checking of wearing safety helmet in construction site.

A Research on Enhancing Aviation Safety Culture by Building the Level of Safety Awareness (안전의식 수준 확보를 통한 항공 안전문화 증진 방안 연구)

  • Jehwan Song;Je-Hyung Jeon;Geun-Hwa Jeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.10-16
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    • 2023
  • Demand for air travel, which shrank sharply following the outbreak of the COVID-19, has recently recovered up to 80% before the spreading pandemic. As a result, the number of passengers are rapidly increasing again. However, financial difficulties and lack of skilled workers in the aftermath of a long-term recession and pandemic lead to a decrease in aviation safety awareness which is fundamental for safety culture. Consequently, this hazard can act as a potential risk factor for the global aviation industry preparing for a new leap forward in the post-pandemic era. Therefore, this study analyzed and defined the four key elements of aviation safety awareness; attitude, belief, perception, and value. Based on this analysis, this study combined the four key elements into the P-D-C-A cycle to derive what top management, middle managers, and workers should each do to continuously improve the positive safety culture.

A Study on Role Development for Social Workers Providing Health Center-based Health and Welfare Services for the Elderly in Community (사회복지사의 보건소 노인보건복지사업 참여를 위한 사회복지사 역할개발연구)

  • Cho So-Young
    • Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.138-162
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    • 1997
  • This study was conducted to, develop the social workers role participating health and welfare services production of health centers The sharp increase rate on the elderly population in Korea lead the social issues as that health and social services are not developed enough to cope with the increase on the elderly's hearth care needs. The priority in the elderly's care service development should be put on public sectors. so that could prevent financial catastrophy of the elderly's care. The pulbic sector was concerned with health center services : as health center in Korea provide :mainly medical-oriented services. this study focused on to combine the existing health center's services into social services. The study method was based on needs survey with 322 patients aged over than 55 in rural area. "The needs survey include general health and disease care needs and daily life caring needs. The latter was applied with ADL and IADL with modificiation for the use of Korea environment. The findings were as follows : Social workers should be able to care diseases of muscular and skeletal. circulatory, digestive and general chronic disease in social service needs. aspect. Mostly the chronic pateints quit their care services because of shortage of finanical support$(18.3\%)$ and transportation problem$(19.5\%)$, but still prefer to be cured and cared from general hospitals. and at least clinic and health centers in community. The univisible dramatic effect. of health. care services also should be concerned and cared by xocial workers. The ADL and! IADL shown the most needs on transportation needs and problems caused by weaken legs. Mostly daily activities were supported by family members $(53.3\%\;spousers\;and\;35.0\%\;children)$, and the most demands were shown on helps for transportation visiting hospitals$(37\%)$ and getting similar care services for health care needs $(31.2\%)$ and daily hygeieal needs$(11.2\%)$ Social workers' role should include health care participation with social and health promotion approach as well as socio-economic supports: during health care receiving. Social workers also should provide social services for the elderly's daily needs solving for these are not in available family supporters.

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A study on oral health awareness-recognition factors and oral health promotion activities of social workers engaged in child care facilities (아동양육시설에 종사하는 생활지도원의 구강건강인지 및 지각요인과 구강건강증진행위에 대한 조사)

  • Lim, Sun-A;Song, Ae-Hee;Lee, Myeong-Seon
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.1119-1127
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    • 2012
  • Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the level of oral health knowledge, oral health importance, oral health status and oral health interest of the social workers engaged in child care facilities to analyze the influential factors on oral health promotion activities and provide the basic data for oral health promotion activities. Methods : The subjects in this study were those social workers engaged in child care facilities from May 15th to May 25th in 2011. The self-report questionnaires were distributed and withdrawn and then a total of 205 papers from the subjects that participated in this study were analyzed for the final analysis. Results : 1. Oral health knowledge had $12.16{\pm}1.66$ in a full score of 15 and oral health importance, oral health status and oral health interest were $1.12{\pm}0.36$, $2.80{\pm}0.50$ and $2.14{\pm}0.8$ respectively in a full score of 5. 2. According to the general characteristics, the difference analysis of cognition-recognition factors showed that singles had significantly higher oral health knowledge married couples (p<0.05) and the social workers unusing auxiliary oral hygiene devices had significantly higher oral health interest than those using them(p<0.01). 3. The mean of oral health promotion was $3.28{\pm}0.51$, characteristics of detailed specific-area were as follows ; the toothbrushing was $3.77{\pm}0.57$, the use of fluoride was $2.67{\pm}0.98$, periodic dental screening and treatment were $2.98{\pm}1.09$ and eating habits was $4.14{\pm}0.57$. These results generally showed tooth-brushing and eating habits show a little higher figures. 4. Considering the factors oral health promotion behaviors of social workers engaged in child care facilities, the higher oral health interest was, the higher oral health promotion behavior was. Conclusions : It seems that social workers engaged in child care facilities are required to pay attention to the importance of oral health and learn oral health knowledge, which will lead to much better improvement of oral health for children brought up by them.

The Past, Present and Future Strategies of Korean Social Work in Hospice and Palliative Care (한국 호스피스.완화의료 사회복지의 과거, 현재 그리고 미래 전략)

  • Lee, Young Sook
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.65-73
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    • 2013
  • The objective of this paper is to suggest future goals and strategies for social work in hospice and palliative care in Korea by understanding its historical background. Both literature review and participant observation were performed to examine historical data relating to social work in hospice and palliative care in Korea. Also reviewed were the current trends with a focus on the roles of social workers in the said arena, qualifications, education, research and medical insurance policy. First of all, the roles of social workers do not appear to be clearly defined in the field of hospice and palliative care, which seems to lead to the lack of recognition as professional workers. The qualification standard for social workers in hospice and palliative care remains inadequate. Second, there seems to be insufficient professional social worker training resources, in terms of both the number of educators and training programs. Third, social workers in Korea produce significantly less publications than those in other professions. There is also a dearth of qualified evidence-based research that is needed to prove benefits of intervention and ultimately for policy implications. Last, the current medical insurance policy needs to be revised to secure fees for social work services and dedicated full-time social workers in hospice and palliative care. Korea needs to approach social work in hospice and palliative care with specific goals to develop future strategies. Related infrastructure and an executive structure should be established via networking and partnership with academic societies, associations and schools.

Distributors' Preference for the Flextime System (유통업체 종사자의 유동근무제에 대한 선호성향에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Won-Haeng
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.13-20
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    • 2012
  • The "flextime" system, which was initially designed to maintain a balance between work and personal life, has recently received much attention as an alternative form of work, enabling employees to fully exert their creativity. Most studies show that the effects of flextime on performance, productivity, attitude toward the organization, absenteeism, and turnover differ between managerial and non-managerial workers. This suggests that workers' personal characteristics affect their preference for flextime by directly or indirectly influencing its result variables. As most Korean companies have not adopted the flextime system, little research has been conducted on it in Korea. Recently, Korean companies have been discussing flextime as one of several measures for enhancing international competitiveness. Therefore, this study aims to offer a theoretical framework for the introduction of the system by analyzing the effects of the precedent factors on the preference for flextime. Though not statistically significant, a higher preference for flextime is noted among workers over the age of 36. Older workers usually are more conservative and less adaptable to change but here the older Korean workers may be anxious and resistant. Additional research on workers in different types of businesses using improved research methods will lead to more meaningful results. Married workers display a lower preference to flextime than single workers. In Korea, the current atmosphere focused on a happy home encourages married workers to prefer regular work hours, enabling them to go to and from work on a regular schedule. This means that normal working hours, from morning to evening, are preferred as it is the most suitable system for families. However, this is not so in the case of single workers. Unmarried singles tend to prefer flextime for investing in self-development toward future prosperity, over the benefits of regular working-hours. Flextime is designed to meet their needs to some extent as it is helpful in maintaining a balance between work life and self-development. If flextime is selected, workers can spend mornings on self-development and work in the afternoons. Therefore, when flextime is introduced in Korea, it would be desirable to start with unmarried workers, to increase corporate creativity and productivity and develop individual potential. In particular, when the five-day workweek, the main concern for companies and labor unions, is adopted, synergy with flextime could be expected and a gradual implementation of flextime will be effective. Gender difference shows similar results to marital status with male workers displaying a higher preference for flextime. It is inferred that male workers' attitudes toward flextime are more favorable than female workers' because flextime enables self-development and work life to coexist. A relatively weak, though statistically significant, correlation exists between control position and flextime preference with inner-control-oriented workers displaying favorable attitudes toward flextime. Generally, inner-control-oriented workers tend to attribute the consequences caused by any person or partner relationship to themselves. Thus, when a new system is introduced they are likely to have less reluctance and fear than outer-control-oriented workers, because they think it is important to deal with the new system. A weak but slight correlation exists between the desire for achievement and flextime preference. People who have a higher desire for achievement are willing to consider the new system, especially if significant success is reasonably expected. This result is derived from a reasonable judgment that flextime offers an individual the time for self-development while the organization benefits from the resulting creativity and performance enhancements. Although not the primary analysis, a high correlation is found between control position and the desire for achievement, which is consistent with the results of previous research. The regression analysis not only supports the preceding ANOVA and correlation analysis but also shows the existence of a causal relationship. Married workers have a weak preference for flextime, which is consistent with the results of the preceding ANOVA. Relative to men, women have a weak preference for flextime. No statistically significant correlation was noticed for age. Inner-control-oriented workers prefer flextime more than outer-control-oriented workers as the former view the consequences of change to be their own responsibility. However, the preference for flextime seems to be weak. As expected, people with a higher desire for achievement have a stronger preference for flextime, presumably because the greater the desire for achievement, the stronger the spirit of challenging an uncertain future. No significant correlation exists between job satisfaction and flextime preference.

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