• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.58.1-58.13
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• 2021

Background: The morphometry of the acetabulum is one source of information that assists in the clinical diagnosis of the hip and influences the proper selection of a prosthesis, reducing post-operative complications such as those seen in total hip replacement (THR). However, acetabular parameters in small-breed dogs are rarely reported. Objectives: To investigate acetabular parameters using radiography and computed tomography (CT) in small-breed dogs with Maltese and Shih Tzu dogs used as model breeds. Methods: Standard calibrated, extended hip radiographs and CT images were obtained. Subsequently, acetabular width (AW) in various directions was measured using radiography and CT, whereas acetabular depth (AD) was obtained by CT. Acetabular index (AI) is a ratio calculated from AD and AW. Results: The values of AW and AD were much higher in Shih Tzu than in Maltese dogs. Male Shih Tzus showed higher values of these parameters than females, while sex-based differences in most of the parameters could not be detected in Maltese. Body weight, but not age, influenced AWs and ADs. While AWs and ADs were influenced by several factors, AI was comparable among the assessed factors and between Maltese and Shih Tzu dogs (p = 0.172; 31.42 ± 1.35 and 32.60 ± 1.80, respectively). Also, AI did not vary with breed, sex, or body size. Conclusions: The obtained radiographic and CT acetabular parameters could be useful as guidelines for evaluating the acetabulum of small-breed dogs in clinical practice.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.150-154
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the etiological distribution, therapeutic outcome, and survival time in canine epilepsy. The medical records of 57 epileptic dogs were reviewed for the evaluation of etiological distribution. Among them, 27 dogs (47%) and 30 dogs (52%) had idiopathic epilepsy (IdE) and structural epilepsy (StE), respectively. Twenty-nine dogs (IdE: 16 dogs, StE: 13 dogs) were evaluated for therapeutic outcome and survival time. The incidence of generalized epileptic seizure (IdE, 56% vs. StE, 44%; P = 0.043) and the median seizure frequency at the time of first presentation (IdE, 2.0/month vs. StE, 13.3/month; P < 0.01) were significantly different between the two groups. Although pre-treatment seizure frequency and duration were not different, the median duration of seizure in the IdE group (0.5 min) was significantly shorter than that in the StE group (3 min) after treatment (P < 0.01). In addition, the median frequency of seizure was relatively lower in the IdE group (0.25/month) compared to the StE group (2.00/month) following antiepileptic therapy (P = 0.053). The median survival time of the IdE group (1.5 years [95% CI, 1.0-2.3 years]) was significantly longer than that of the StE group (0.4 year [95% CI, 0.2-1.3 years]) (P < 0.01). The information on etiological data and intracranial lesions may be useful for predicting treatment response and prognosis in epileptic dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.68.1-68.8
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• 2022

Background: Studies on anesthetized dogs regarding pulse pressure variation (PPV) are increasing. The influence of respiratory rate (RR) on PPV, in mechanically ventilated dogs, has not been clearly identified. Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of RR on PPV in mechanically ventilated healthy dogs after hemorrhage. Methods: Five healthy adult Beagle dogs were premedicated with intravenous (IV) acepromazine (0.01 mg/kg). Anesthesia was induced with alfaxalone (3 mg/kg IV) and maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. The right dorsal pedal artery was cannulated with a 22-gauge catheter for blood removal, and the left dorsal pedal artery was cannulated and connected to a transducer system for arterial blood pressure monitoring. The PPV was automatically calculated using a multi-parameter monitor and recorded. Hemorrhage was induced by withdrawing 30% of blood (24 mL/kg) over 30 min. Mechanical ventilation was provided with a tidal volume of 10 mL/kg and a 1:2 inspiration-to-expiration ratio at an initial RR of 15 breaths/min (baseline). Thereafter, RR was changed to 20, 30, and 40 breaths/min according to the casting lots, and the PPV was recorded at each RR. After data collection, the blood was transfused at a rate of 10 mL/kg/h, and the PPV was recorded at the baseline ventilator setting. Results: The data of PPV were analyzed using the Friedman test followed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (p < 0.05). Hemorrhage significantly increased PPV from 11% to 25% at 15 breaths/min. An increase in RR significantly decreased PPV from 25 (baseline) to 17%, 10%, and 10% at 20, 30, and 40 breaths/min, respectively (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: The PPV is a dynamic parameter that can predict a dog's hemorrhagic condition, but PPV can be decreased in dogs under high RR. Therefore, careful interpretation may be required when using the PPV parameter particularly in the dogs with hyperventilation.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2022

Caval syndrome is a severe complication of canine heartworm disease in which affected dogs present with various clinical signs that are often life-threatening. In cases of severe infection, adulticidal treatment has numerous complications as a result of a marked immune response against dead worms. Therefore, several surgical and non-surgical methods, including interventional extraction, have been applied in veterinary medicine. Despite the usefulness and efficiency of conventional retrieval devices, a few associated limitations must be addressed to reduce their risks and increase their applicability. Herein, we introduced a case of treating three dogs with caval syndrome by applying a newly developed heartworm basket device. The dogs were diagnosed with heartworm disease by heartworm antigen testing and direct smear. Imaging findings revealed remarkable remodeling of the right heart and pulmonary vessels and the presence of heartworms in the right heart. Additionally, heartworms were confirmed in the distal part of the abdominal aorta and femoral arteries in one dog, indicating aberrant systemic migration of the worms. Under general anesthesia, the heartworm basket device was introduced into the right heart via femoral venotomy and arteriotomy in one dog and jugular venotomy in the other two dogs. Although the number of cases in this study was small, the basket device was successful in gradual and cautious extraction of the heartworms in all three dogs. They exhibited good prognosis of clinical symptoms as indicated by imaging analyses.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.309-313
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• 2011

Dogs are considered to be the best companions of human beings due to their loyalty, obedience and pleasant disposition. Jejunum is the largest part of small intestine mainly involved in absorption of nutrients. Jejunal resection up to 80% allows normal weight gain while resection up to 90% increased morbidity and mortality. In the present study, 20 dogs were divided into 4 groups based on the degree of jejunal resection i.e. A (70% resection), B (80% resection) and C (100% resection) while group D served as control. Dogs in the 70% and 80% jejunal resection group showed normal growth and function while 100% jejunal resection resulted in weight loss and alteration of hematological and biochemical parameters.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.361-366
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the characters of short-tailed dogs (DongGyeong dogs) with anatomical insights, molecular genetics in Gyeongju. The present study was conducted to further characterize of short-tailed dog population in Gyeongju. The short-tailed dog was analyzed in the distribution of 55 individual. The anatomical insights were by x-ray. For discovery of specific genes expressions were measured by Hot-start PCR analysis. Anatomy survey, the number of vertebral typical consists of more than 20. 88.9% of short-tailed dog populations consists of 3-8 vertebrates. The 54 individuals of the 47 observe the vestigial tailed of the sacrum. No detected sacrococcygeal vertebrae degradation individuals were malformation defects. The 3 genes were DEGs (differentially expressed genes) in Dong-Gyeong dogs. We succeeded in finding 3 novel DongGyeong dogs specific genes by using Hot-start PCR analysis, this study suggests that these novel genes may play role (s) in DongGyeong dogs.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.356-362
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• 2014

Phlorotannins, the major constituent in brown algae, possess various biological activities; however, there is little information their toxicological effects. To assess the safety of phlorotannins, we investigated the acute oral toxicity of a high-purity phlorotannin preparation (PRT; total phlorotannin content 90%) in beagle dogs. Six beagle dogs (3 males, 3 females) were assigned randomly to three experimental groups. PRT was administered at oral doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg by capsule. Vomiting by male and female beagles was observed with 500 and 750 mg/kg on the first day. In addition, one beagle given 750 mg/kg had soft stool and diarrhea on days 3 and 13. No deaths or abnormal clinical signs were observed during the experiment. All groups showed similar body weight gain and food consumption. Our acute toxicity study showed that PRT did not cause any toxicological effects in beagle dogs.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.167-173
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• 1994

This study were performed to distribution of dermatophytes isolated from pet dogs in Pusan area and pathogenicity of the isolates. During the period from March 1993. to April 1994, 201 pet dogs of house breeding were examined. The result of obtained were summarized as followes； 1. Isolation rate of dermatophytes were 4.7%(7/149) in no lesion and 23.1%(12/52) in lesion of dog's skin. 2. According to breeding conditions, isolation rate of dermatophytes were 1) 3.8% in no lesion and indoor breeding, 2) 16.7% in lesion and indoor breeding, 3) 13.5% no lesion and outdoor breeding, and 4) 37.5% in lesion and outdoor bleeding. 3. Among the 201 Pet dogs, 16 strains of M. cams(84.2%), 1 of M. gypseum(5.3%), and 2 of T. mentagrophytes (10.5%) were isolated. 4. For Pathogenicity test, one strain of each M. canis, M, gypseum, T. mentagrophytes isolated from skin lesions were inoculated to the skin of the posterior back of guinea pigs. All of dermatophytes tested were induced skin lesions. Among them, M. cams and T. mentagrophytes were more virulent than M. gypseum.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.137-141
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare easiness of application of polypropylene external total ring prosthesis (PPTRP, Group A) with that of polyvinylchloride external total ring prosthesis (PVCTRP, Group B), which were used for surgical correction of tracheal collapse in dogs. PPTRP was made from 3 ml syringe and PVCTRP from the drip chamber of intravenous administration set. Prostheses of group A (n=5) and B (n=5) were placed to cervical trachea in clinically normal 10 dogs, respectively weighing between 4 kg and 6 kg. There were mild coughing and swelling in one to three dogs of both groups for 3 days after surgery. No exercise intolerance was observed in both groups after surgery. There were no different results of clinical signs and radiographic views after surgery between group A and group B. The time (mean${\pm}$SD) to make total ring prosthesis, group A took $23.2{\pm}1.9$ minutes which was remarkably longer than that $(4.6{\pm}0.3)$ of group B. Also, the time to place around trachea, group A required $61.8{\pm}8.8$ minutes and group B $38.4{\pm}8.0$ minutes. Conclusionly, PVCTRP was timesaving and easier to make, fix, and suture than those of PPTRP. PVCTRP may be used alternatively to PPTRP for the tracheal collapse to treat in dogs.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.215-219
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• 2015

Cardiopulmonary depression of long-term constant rate infusion (CRI) administration of multiple analgesic drugs is important, especially in critically ill dogs. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of lidocaine, ketamine or combined lidocaine-ketamine combination CRI treatment on vital signs and left ventricular (LV) function in healthy dogs. Six adult Beagle dogs were administered either ketamine (initial loading dose of 0.5 mg/kg followed by $10{\mu}g/kg/min$ CRI), lidocaine (initial loading dose of 2 mg/kg followed by 0.025 mg/kg/min CRI), or combined lidocaine-ketamine intravenously. Arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), body temperature (BT) and echocardiographic LV dimensions were measured before administration of medications, immediately after administration of drugs, and then every 10 min for 2 h. There were no significant changes in HR, RR, BT and BP after the administration of either lidocaine CRI, ketamine CRI, or combined lidocaine and ketamine CRI. There were also no significant changes in LV dimensions and stroke volume. The results revealed that treatment with either lidocaine, ketamine or combined lidocaine-ketamine may not cause cardiopulmonary suppression in healthy dogs.