Journal of Veterinary Science

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of radiographic and computed tomographic acetabular index in small-breed dogs: a preliminary study using Maltese and Shih Tzu

  • Kanthavichit, Kanokporn (Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Klaengkaew, Auraiwan (Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Thanaboonnipat, Chutimon (Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Darawiroj, Damri (Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Soontornvipart, Kumpanart (Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University) ;
  • Choisunirachon, Nan (Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University)
  • Received : 2021.03.03
  • Accepted : 2021.06.14
  • Published : 2021.07.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: The morphometry of the acetabulum is one source of information that assists in the clinical diagnosis of the hip and influences the proper selection of a prosthesis, reducing post-operative complications such as those seen in total hip replacement (THR). However, acetabular parameters in small-breed dogs are rarely reported. Objectives: To investigate acetabular parameters using radiography and computed tomography (CT) in small-breed dogs with Maltese and Shih Tzu dogs used as model breeds. Methods: Standard calibrated, extended hip radiographs and CT images were obtained. Subsequently, acetabular width (AW) in various directions was measured using radiography and CT, whereas acetabular depth (AD) was obtained by CT. Acetabular index (AI) is a ratio calculated from AD and AW. Results: The values of AW and AD were much higher in Shih Tzu than in Maltese dogs. Male Shih Tzus showed higher values of these parameters than females, while sex-based differences in most of the parameters could not be detected in Maltese. Body weight, but not age, influenced AWs and ADs. While AWs and ADs were influenced by several factors, AI was comparable among the assessed factors and between Maltese and Shih Tzu dogs (p = 0.172; 31.42 ± 1.35 and 32.60 ± 1.80, respectively). Also, AI did not vary with breed, sex, or body size. Conclusions: The obtained radiographic and CT acetabular parameters could be useful as guidelines for evaluating the acetabulum of small-breed dogs in clinical practice.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The scholarship from the Graduate School of Chulalongkorn University to Commemorate the 72nd Anniversary of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadel and The 90th anniversary Chulalongkorn University Fund (Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund) (Grant number GCUGR1125632150M,150).

References

  1. Cay M, Senol D, Canbolat M, Yildirim IO, Kose E, Ozbag D. Comparison of diameter and depth morphometry in human acetabulum in terms of age and gender: a radiological study. J Human Anat. 2017;1(2):000109.
  2. Jankovits DA, Liska WD, Kalis RH. Treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head in small dogs with micro total hip replacement. Vet Surg. 2012;41(1):143-147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2011.00925.x
  3. Sarierler M, Tatli ZB, Akin I, Yaygingul R, Derincegoz OO. Radiographic examination of hip joint geometry in healthy Sivas Kangal dogs. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2017;41(1):85-92. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1602-10
  4. Off W, Matis U. Excision arthroplasty of the hip joint in dogs and cats. Clinical, radiographic, and gait analysis findings from the Department of Surgery, Veterinary Faculty of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany. 1997. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2010;23(5):297-305.
  5. Heo SY, Seol JW, Lee HB. Total hip replacement in two dogs with unsuccessful femoral head ostectomy. J Vet Sci. 2015;16(1):131-134. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2015.16.1.131
  6. Torres BT, Budsberg SC. Revision of cemented total hip arthroplasty with cementless components in three dogs. Vet Surg. 2009;38(1):81-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2008.00472.x
  7. Wu CH, Lin CC, Lu TW, Yeh LS. Three-dimensional morphometry of native acetabulum in relation to design and implantation of canine total hip replacements. Biomed Eng Appl Basis Commun. 2012;24(6):549-555. https://doi.org/10.4015/S1016237212500500
  8. Martins J, Colaco B, Alves-Pimenta S, Ferreira A, Ginja M. Effects of pelvis rotation on the projected radiographic position of the femoral head in relationship to the acetabulum. Vet Med (Praha). 2017;62(7):377-385. https://doi.org/10.17221/127/2016-VETMED
  9. Andronescu AA, Kelly L, Kearney MT, Lopez MJ. Associations between early radiographic and computed tomographic measures and canine hip joint osteoarthritis at maturity. Am J Vet Res. 2015;76(1):19-27. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.76.1.19
  10. Liska WD. Micro total hip replacement for dogs and cats: surgical technique and outcomes. Vet Surg. 2010;39(7):797-810. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2010.00725.x
  11. Arnbjerg J. Hip joint laxity in small dog breeds; a radiological study. SOJ Vet Sci. 2017;3(1):1-5.
  12. Arsic S, Ilic D, Mitkovic M, Tufegdzic M, Jankovic S, Trajanovic M. The study of morphological parameters of human acetabulum significant for hip arthroplasty. The 2nd International Conference, Mechanical Engineering in XXI century. 2013, 115-120.
  13. Zeng Y, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Tang T, Dai K, Qiu S. Differences in acetabular morphology related to side and sex in a Chinese population. J Anat. 2012;220(3):256-262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01471.x
  14. Lopez MJ, Lewis BP, Swaab ME, Markel MD. Relationships among measurements obtained by use of computed tomography and radiography and scores of cartilage microdamage in hip joints with moderate to severe joint laxity of adult dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2008;69(3):362-370. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.69.3.362
  15. Saikia KC, Bhuyan SK, Rongphar R. Anthropometric study of the hip joint in northeastern region population with computed tomography scan. Indian J Orthop. 2008;42(3):260-266. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5413.39572
  16. Scartazzini R. A radiologic study of normal and dysplastic hip joints in six breeds of large dogs. Acta Radiol Suppl. 1972;319:183-185. https://doi.org/10.3109/05678067209174015
  17. Schachner ER, Lopez MJ. Diagnosis, prevention, and management of canine hip dysplasia: a review. Vet Med (Auckl) 2015;6:181-192.
  18. Montgomery ML, Kim SE, Dyce J, Pozzi A. The effect of dorsal rim loss on the initial stability of the BioMedtrix cementless acetabular cup. BMC Vet Res. 2015;11(1):68. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0383-z
  19. Dhindsa G. Acetabulum: a morphometric study. J Evol Med Dental Sci. 2013;2(7):657-665. https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/320