• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2014

Objective:The purpose of this study is to design a three-set type (Sebulsik) keyboard that is to input Korean text with no shifted keys and also compatible with the standard Korean computer keyboard or ANSI keyboard. Background: The KS computer keyboard is two-set type (Dubulsik). Existing and proposed designs of three-set type of past studies are not compatible with KS or ANSI keyboard and are complex with many redundant letters. Method: The number of Korean letters for 3-set type is analyzed. Then Korean letters are arranged with normality and with spatial compatibility to the KS Korean keyboard, and symbols were arranged to same positions with ANSI keyboard. Results: Initial consonants of 14 numbers and 6 vowels are arranged as exactly same positions of KS keyboard, and other vowels are arranged with spatial compatibility. Symbols are arranged to the same positions with ANSI keyboard, and 10 digits are confirmed and has compatibility to International standard. Conclusion: A 38-key model, 38K, is designed to require minimal keys to input Korean text with no shifted keys, increased the compatibility to the KS Korean computer keyboard. Application: Using the proposed 38-key model, 38K, it can be taken into account for keyboards in industrial production. It is applicable to user group of 3-set type Korean keyboard with more easy than past keyboards.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2015

PURPOSE: People with physical disabilities such as cerebral palsy usually experience obstacles when interacting with computer through conventional keyboard because of their motor disabilities. The purpose of this study is empirically compare of text entry(alphabet and word) speed and accuracy using the three different keyboard type on four students(male 2 and female 2) with cerebral palsy. METHODS: This research design used a replicated single-case experimental approach to compare the individual performance. An alternating treatments design was used to examine the effectiveness of standard QWERTY keyboard and alternative keyboard(mini and big keyboard) on computer access for students with cerebral palsy. To avoid changes in posture that influence a keyboard character entry training and evaluation was carried out using his sitting in a wheelchair. Compass software program used in this study as an assessment tool to measure speed and accuracy when performance of text entry(alphabet and word). This was repeated until the stable status of reaction time. RESULTS: As a result, the alternative keyboard seems to be the most effective device for students with cerebral palsy to perform text entry. But various factors such as peculiarity of motor disabilities, experience and preferences of the user are heavily related. CONCLUSION: Thus, we must perform the objective and systematic assessment for computer access and if sustained training is accomplished, it could to improve speed and accuracy of text entry(alphabet and word).

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.687-688
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• 2007

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제39호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2000

The aim of this paper is to present a phonetically oriented keyboard array for the International Korean Phonetic Alphabet (IKPA). IKPA is a phonetic alphabet devised on the basis of Hangout (Korean alphabet) (Lee, 1999). Every computer has a keyboard as its input device and the English keyboard array is hewn as 'QWERTY' system, which represents the first six letters of the second line of the keyboard. This array is a traditional one devised to protect the congestion of the keys of the mechanical typewriter. To improve the anay of the keyboard, another system named 'Dvorak' has been devised. Likewise, a serious attempt has been made by the authors to work out an efficient keyboard for IKPA representing the manner of vowel and consonant classification. In the phonetic keyboard, the consonant symbols are arranged in the left hand side according to the Place and mauler of the articulation and the vowel symbols in the right hand side according to the vowel quadrilateral.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.167-169
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• 2009

Korean vowels have special feature such that same vowels do not appear sequentially in a syllable. And two vowels appear with consistent rules. Using this feature, functional key stroke methods are available to Korean computer keyboard. Tapping a key makes diphthong easily. This will be used to Korean computer keyboard design.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2008

In this study, four alternatives for the arrangement of Korean alphabets on computer keyboards are developed and analyzed to find the better design than the KS(Korean Standard) keyboard. Among the developed four modified models MOD 1 to MOD4, we suggest MOD3 as the best design which incorporates the keys usage frequencies and the compatibility of present standard.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.2004-2009
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to define how wrist motion is affected by different postures and supporting devices and to discover functional range of wrist motion for keyboard typing. The range of wrist motion (ROM) needed for fourteen experienced typists to type on a computer keyboard was measured by flexible and biaxial electrogoniometers. The most frequent wrist motion during typing was in extended and ulnarly deviated positions in both wrists. Range of wrist motion was similar in both wrists. The average ROM for keyboard typing with the typists' own posture was about 39 in flexion/extension (FEM) and 29 in radial/ulnar deviation (RUD) in both wrists. The range of wrist motion was significantly reduced to 30 in FEM and 27 in RUD with use of either wrist or forearm supporting devices, which suggests that these devices might help to relieve fatigue, discomfort, or pain during and/or after typing. Results of this study will be of interest to clinicians and helpful to those who are professionally or non-professionally involved in typing.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 키넥트의 3차원 영상정보를 이용하여 손가락 움직임을 검출하고 이 정보를 이용하여 종이건반 피아노를 구현하는 방법을 제안한다. 키넥트의 컬러영상과 깊이영상을 이용하여 먼저 건반 식별을 위해 필요한 건반 패턴 정보와 사용자의 종이건반 누름 여부를 판정하기 위한 건반깊이 정보를 검출한다. 배경의 깊이정보를 이용하여 입력된 깊이정보로부터 손 영역을 검출할 경우 종이건반과 접촉한 손가락 끝부분이 잘려나가는 문제를 해결하기 위해 스킨 컬러를 이용하여 정확도를 향상시켰다. 그리고 면적을 이용한 외곽선 검출과 convex hull 알고리즘을 이용하여 손가락 끝점을 검출하고 건반 패턴 정보와 비교하여 건반 누름을 판정하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법을 이용하여 종이건반 피아노 성능평가를 수행한 결과 높은 검출 정확도를 보였다. 구현된 종이건반 피아노 기능을 활용하여 피아노 연주 입력장치를 구현함으로써 PC기반 피아노 연주시스템 구현의 편리성을 보였으며 악기 초보자가 PC 기반 피아노 연주 학습에 사용자 인터페이스로 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.3055-3073
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• 2019

In this paper, a new user identification method is presented using real environmental human-computer-interaction (HCI) behavior data to improve method usability. User behavior data in this paper are collected continuously without setting experimental scenes such as text length, action number, etc. To illustrate the characteristics of real environmental HCI data, probability density distribution and performance of keyboard and mouse data are analyzed through the random sampling method and Support Vector Machine(SVM) algorithm. Based on the analysis of HCI behavior data in a real environment, the Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL) method is first used for user HCI behavior identification due to the heterogeneity of keyboard and mouse data. All possible kernel methods are compared to determine the MKL algorithm's parameters to ensure the robustness of the algorithm. Data analysis results show that keyboard data have a narrower range of probability density distribution than mouse data. Keyboard data have better performance with a 1-min time window, while that of mouse data is achieved with a 10-min time window. Finally, experiments using the MKL algorithm with three global polynomial kernels and ten local Gaussian kernels achieve a user identification accuracy of 83.03% in a real environmental HCI dataset, which demonstrates that the proposed method achieves an encouraging performance.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2006

Purpose: Many kinds of musculoskeletal disease and symptom are caused by the longtime computer works. However, trapezius muscle tonus has not been established in regarding to keyboard height during typing. Therefore, this study is to evaluate the relationship between trapezius muscle tonus and the height of keyboard while typing, controling for the postures of neck, Lumbar, cervical vertebra. Methods: The experimental height of keyboard was set at elbow height, 3cm higher, 6cm higher, 9cm higher, than elbow. We studied trapezius tonus with the mean value for 2 minutes by EMG in 15 males and 15 females worker of hospital in seoul, who did not have a history of muscle disease, neurological signs, nerve damage. Results: In this experimental, as the height of the keyboard went up, the trapezius tonus significantly increased with shoulder abduction of brachium. Second, right and left trapezius tonus appeared similar while typing. Third, the best height that release the trapezius tonus the was as high as elbow and 3cm higher than elbow. Conclusion: With these above results, we suggest that the appropriate height of keyboard during typing to release the trapezius tonus most is the height of the elbow and 3cm higher than elbow. The study has important implications for focusing on the height of VDT worktable and complaining of a pain by oneself which are useful to establish a method of prevention of musculoskeletal disorder in work in the future.