• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.120-127
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• 1997

Depositional environment off the Shihwa Dam has been studied to investigate the change of sedimentation process and the pollution. In order to understand how the sediments are distributed, polluted and modified, depositional factors have been analyzed and compared with the previous data. Study area, located off the Shihwa Dam, was surveyed to collect 25 bottom samples and 2 cores in 1996 and echo-sounding in 1997. These sediments were analyzed for the study of the global characteristics of sediment such as grain size and organic matter. Among these samples, the selected twenty surface sediments were analyzed for the comparison with their contents of metallic elements (Al, Mn, Fe, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As). According to field and lab analysis of sediments, three sedimentological zones have been generally identified around study area; near the dam (sandy Silt), near the dike (Sand) and offshore (silty Sand) zones. Textural parameters show that the content of silt and clay is dominant near the dam excepting the dike zone of LNG Storage Base and offshore (Palmido). The total concentration of Mn, Ni, Fe, Zn and Cd in bulk sediments was increased after the construction of the dam, while the content of Mn and Cr were higher near tidal channel than in the offshore area. Meanwhile, the annual increasing pattern of some heavy metal has appeared in this area. Based on this primary study, modification of the depositional environment may be caused by the construction of the dam and LNG Storage Base. Additionally, environmental evaluation on organic/inorganic factors has been suggested for interpreting environmental changes caused by coastal development in the nearshore such as the Shihwa coastal area.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 1991

간단한 box 모형이 장방형 해분에서의 세립 퇴적물의 퇴적현상을 설명하기 위하여 이용되었으며. 이 모형에 필요한 침식 및 퇴적률의 계수를 조사하여 남해안 가막양만에 적용하여 보았다. 해분이 외해와 연결되어 있고 외해의 부유퇴적물 농도가 일정하면 해분내에서 한 조석 주기 동안의 평균 부유퇴적물 농도는 일정한 값을 유지하게 되고 조류의 게류시 부근에는 퇴적이 일어나고 최대 유속시 부근에는 바닥 퇴적물의 재부유 및 침식이 일어나는 것을 보여주고 있다. 가막양만 처럼 퇴적이 우세한 해분에서는 조석 주기 중 퇴적이 일어나는 시간과 최대 퇴적률이 침식에 비하여 크게 나타나고 있으며, 이러한 퇴적 우세 해분의 부유퇴적물 평균농도는 외해의 부유퇴적물 농도보다 낮은 값을 보이고 있다. 또한. 조류의 유속변화에 따른 해분내기 부유퇴적물 농도변화는 고조의 약 한 시간 전에 최대값을 나타내고 저조의 약 한 시간 후에 최소값을 나타낸다.

• 한국해안해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해안해양공학회 2001년도 한국해안해양공학발표논문집 Proceedings of Coastal and Ocean Engineering in Korea
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• pp.152-157
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• 2001

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1999

오염된 지역의 연안 퇴적물은 PCB 등 소수성 오염 물질을 흡착하고 있으며, 준설과 같은 환경 정화사업을 할 때, 재부유되어 오염되지 않은 인근 수역으로 이동될 수 있다. 이러한 환경 영향의 평가를 위해 저자는 앞서 침강, 연직확산, 응집에 의해 입자크기 분포가 변화하는 것을 모사할 수 있는 수학적 모델을 개발 제시한 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 모델을 이용하여, 연안환경을 실험적으로 재현한 높이 2 m의 settling column으로부터 측정된 입자크기분포 자료를 이용하여 시뮬레이션하며 분석한 결과를 제시하였다. 분석결과, 모델은 퇴적물 입자가 column 내에서 연직이동을 하며 입자 분포가 시간적으로 또 수심별로 변화하는 것을 상당히 잘 예측하는 것으로 나타났으며 재부유된 퇴적물 입자는 연직이동과 함께 응집이 되고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 크기가 다양한 오염된 퇴적물이 응집에 의해 입자크기분포가 변화하며 연직 이동되는 매우 복잡한 현상에 대해 유효하게 컴퓨터 모사할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2000

우리나라 남해연안의 해양수산자원과 경관은 생태학적인 관점에서뿐만 아니라 경제적으로도 매우 중요하다. 밀식 등 과다한 양식과 하ㆍ폐수의 유입으로 이 해역의 부영양화 현상은 더욱 심각하게 되었다. 본 연구는 1998년부터 1999년까지 여름과 겨울로 구분하여 채취한 해수와 퇴적물의 분석결과로부터 남해연안의 부영양화 상태를 파악하였고, 퇴적물 오염정도, 퇴적물로부터 의 영양염류 용출과 산소소비량을 측정하였다. 또한 양식장 자가오염의 주원인중의 하나인 양식장의 부착생물에 의한 배설물량을 측정하였다. 양식장의 해수의 영양염류 농도는 일반해양보다 대체적으로 높게 나타났다. 양식장에서 채취된 여름의 퇴적물 중 COD와 총인의 농도가 겨울의 퇴적물보다 높은 경향을 보여주었다. 우리나라 남해연안의 패류양식장 퇴적물은 부영양화 물질과 저산소층 수괴의 주요 오염원으로 작용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.261-270
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• 1996

To investigate the degree of contamination from Korean coastal region, the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in sediments, seawater and oyster (Crassostrea gigas) at Masan Bay, Onsan Bay, Daesan industrial complex and their control areas were analysed. Values for sediments, seawater and oyster in the industrial complex coastal region were higher than those in the control area except for seawater in Daesan. The values for dissolved phasc of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in seawater showed 0.3~1.75 ${\mu}g/l$, 0.013~0.12 ${\mu}g/l$, 0.20~6.14 ${\mu}g/l$ and 0.007~0.021 ${\mu}g/l$, respectively. The concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in sediments werd 12.0~47.8 ${\mu}g/g$, 6.16~59.5 ${\mu}g/g$, 43.0~230 ${\mu}g/g$ and 0.52~11.2 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. The concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in oyster showed 12.1~85.6 ${\mu}g/g$, 0.267~1.48 ${\mu}g/g$, 1, 070~3, 250 ${\mu}g/g$ and 3.23~7.71 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. The contents of heavy metals in oysters at industrial complex coastal region showed that they were not seriously contaminated compared with those of Mussel Watch (1992).

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2001

The concentrations of 20 congeners of PCBs were determined in surficial and dated sediments from Jinhae, Busan, Ulsan and Yeongil Bay of Korea to assess current distributions as well as historical trends. The concentration ranges of total CBs in sediments were nd-138.60 ng/g dry wt. The concentrations of total CBs were significantly different among bays in the southeastern coastal areas (Kruskal-Wallis Test, p=0.036), Showing the Order Of Busan>Ulsan>Yeongil>Jinhae Bay. Predominant PCB homologues were penta-, hexa- and hepta-CBs. The down-core distributions of PCBs showed that the highest concentrations occurred in the late 1960s, coinciding with the onset of industrialization of Korea. The compositions of PCB congeners in sediment among bays were uniform, suggesting that major sources were not changed over time.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.772-784
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• 2011

We measured grain size, organic matter, and metallic elements (Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Mn, Hg, and As) in intertidal sediments collected from six islands in the western part of Jellanam Province in order to evaluate heavy metal contamination in the tidal flat sediments of coastal islands. The evaluation of metal contamination was carried out using geochemical assessment techniques such as sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), enrichment factor (EF), and geoaccumulation index ($I_{geo}$). Surface sediments were classified into four sedimentary facies: sand, gravelly muddy sand, slightly gravelly mud, and silt. The concentrations of heavy metals in intertidal sediments from Jaeun, Amtae, Biguem, and Docho islands showed good positive correlations with mean grain size and ignition loss, indicating that the concentrations of metallic elements in these sediments were dependent on grain size and the organic matter content. The concentrations of heavy metals in sediments from almost all of the stations were lower than two criterion values proposed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the United States. Based on the EF and $I_{geo}$ results, surface sediments were a little polluted for Cr and were moderately polluted for As. Our results suggest that more intensive studies are necessary in the future in order to determine the major source of As in intertidal sediment and to evaluate the As pollution level in macrobenthos.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.886-891
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• 2013

We analyzed surface sediments to explain the substrate characteristics of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus habitat. The analyses included grain-size determination, water content (WC), loss on ignition (IL), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and acid volatile sulfide (AVS) content. We obtained data on sea cucumber density, weight, and length at each station in a marine farming area in the middle of Korea's Taean coast on the West (Yellow) Sea in May, 2012. The apparent density of S. japonicus was high in coarse and bimodal sediments, whereas it was low in fine and unimodal sediments. The mass of S. japonicus was greater in fine than in coarse sediments, showing a different trend from sea cucumber density. The values for WC, IL, COD, and AVS in surface sediments were higher in areas with high densities of S. japonicus than in areas with low sea cucumber densities. In particular, the concentration of AVS was much higher than the value proposed in Japanese criteria for areas with high S. japonicus density.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.626-637
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• 2013

We measured the grain size, ignition loss (IL), chemical oxygen demand (COD), acid volatile sulfide (AVS) and trace metals (Al, Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Mn, Hg, and As) of intertidal surface sediment collected from 11 islands (62 stations) in the southern region of Jeollanam Province. The objective of this research was to evaluate the organic matter and trace metals contaminations of sediments from coastal island tidal flats. Surface sediment texture was characterized as follows: mud, sandy silt, muddy sand, and slightly gravelly sand facies. The finer sediments are mainly dominated in the northern part of each island. The concentrations of IL, COD, AVS and some trace metals (Al, Fe, Zn, Cr, Cu, and Hg) were higher in the northwestern part of Wan Island and the area between Gogeum and Sinji Islands, and were associated with relatively finer sediment, as compared to other locations. The concentrations of Mn, Pb, Cd, and As were higher in the northwestern and southeastern parts of Geoguem and Pyungil Islands, but were not correlated with mean grain size. Based on sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), the concentrations of trace metals were lower than the values of effect range low (ERL), used in United States, and threshold effects level (TEL), used in Korea, with exception of As. Similarly, the intertidal sediments were moderately contaminated with As, based on the the enrichment factor (EF) and the geoaccumulation index ($I_{geo}$). The high concentration of As in intertidal sediments from this study region may be due to the input of naturally or artificially contaminated submarine groundwater, contaminated waste from seaweed aquaculture operations and/or land-based seaweed processing facilities. Further studies are needed to identify the sources of As in this study region, and to determine the effects of As contamination on coastal ecosystem.