• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2017

To gain insight on cheese consumption and develop strategies for the cheese industry, we conducted a survey of 742 women (age 25 or older) who were responsible for purchasing food for their families. Of them, 49.5% consumed cheese more than once a week and 25.1% expected that the cheese consumption of their families would increase, whereas only 7.1% expected a decrease in consumption. The most important considerations for purchasing cheese were taste and price. Of the respondents, 40.6% purchased domestic cheese, whereas 49.1% were unconcerned about the country of origin. Of them, 20.6% had experience of purchasing farm-made cheese, and 62.7% of them were satisfied with the cheese. These results suggest that cheese consumption will increase in the future, and that with attention to quality improvement and advertising, domestic farm-made cheese consumption could increase accordingly.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.201-211
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• 1989

Mucor rennet의 이용(利用) 가능성(可能性)을 타진(打診)하기 위하여 Blue cheese를 제조(製造)하고 그 각종(各種) 질소화합물(窒素化合物)의 특성(特性)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. Blue cheese의 수율(收率)은 calf rennet과 Mucor rennet간(間)에는 큰 차이(差異)가 없었다. 2. 숙성과정중(熟成過程中) cheese의 고형분(固形分) 함량(含量)은 증가(增加)하였고 첨가비율(添加比率)에 따른 차이(差異)는 인정(認定)되지 않았다. 3. water soluble nitrogen은 숙성(熟成)이 진행(進行)됨에 따라 증가(增加)하였으며 숙성초일(熟成初日)부터 calf rennet에 비(比)하여 Mucor rennet 편이 높았고 숙성(熟成) 40일(日)부터는 혼합(混合)rennet이 calf rennet보다 낮았다. 4. non protein nitrogen, peptone amino nitrogen, water soluble protein nitrogen, proteose nitrogen, peptone nitrogen 및 숙성율등(熟成率等)도 water soluble nitrogen과 동등(同等)한 변화(變化)를 보였다. 5. Mucor rennet으로 제조(製造)한 Blue cheese casein을 전기영동(電氣泳動)한 결과(結果) as-casein과 ${\beta}$-casein의 분해도(分解度)가 높았으나 calf rennet로 제조(製造)한 Blue cheese의 as-casein과 ${\beta}$-casein의 분해도(分解度)는 비교적 낮았고 숙성(熟成) 60일(日)에는 Mucor rennet 처리구(處理區)의 casein은 다소 잔존(殘存)함을 알 수 있었다. 6. Blue cheese를 60일간(日間) 숙성(熟成)시켰을때 유리(遊離)아미노산(酸) 함량(含量)은 Mucor rennet으로 제조(製造)한 cheese보다 전(全) 숙성기간(熟成期間)동안 많았다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.587-592
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• 2004

혈중 콜레스테롤 농도를 저하시키는 건강지향적인 불포화 지방산을 다량 함유한 옥배유로 원료유 지방을 표준화하여 cholesterol free Mozzarella cheese제조 후 특성을 살펴 보았다. 치즈 제조용 원료유는 안정성이 있었고, 최종 시료인 치즈에서 휘발성 유리지방산은 콜레스테롤 상승에 영향을 미치는 palmitic acid가 일반 치즈인 대조구에서 가장 높게 측정된 반면에 실험구인 옥배유를 첨가하여 만든 치즈는 동맥경화 및 성인병 등의 예방, 치료에 도움을 주는 linoleic acid 조성 이 가장 높게 나타나 영양학적으로 우수한 결론이 돌출되었다. 포화지방산에 대한 불포화지방산의 비율은 대조구가 7:3, 옥배유를 첨가하여 만든 치즈가 2:8로 나타났으며, 콜레스테롤은 대조구의 43.58 mg/100 g에 비해 옥배유를 첨가하여 만든 치즈는4.34 mg/100g만 측정되어 건강에 유의한 결과가 나타났다. 결과적으로 본 연구는 혈중 콜레스테롤 저하효과를 나타내는 휘발성 유리지방산을 다량 함유하고, 콜레스테롤 함량이 대조구의 10%수준인 영양학적으로 우수한 건강지향적인 cholesterol free Mozzarella cheese를 제조할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 1987

For the manufacture of soybean cheese, curds were made from soy milk using either lactic starter or CaCl$_2$and ripened for 3 weeks. When papain was added during ripening, the amout of soluble protein increased. The yields of 3 soybean cheese were 76~88%, indicating that considerable loss of soy protein did not occur during the processing. During the period of ripening the change of moisture content was about 1 n. Total acidity of 3 soy cheese increased, demonstrating the production of lactic acid through lactic fermentation. Texture determined by Instron showed that 3 soy cheese had their own characteristic texture profile curve and that the cheese without papain treatment received the highest textural parameters. 3 manufactured soy cheese received 3-4 (good-very good) sensory scores in appearance, flavor and texture. General acceptibility of 3 cheese were evaluated as desirable or very desirable.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.866-877
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• 2018

Cheese emulsion is an intermediate product for the production of cheese powder and needs to be stable, homogeneous and pumpable characteristics to convey to the spray drier. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fat reduction and emulsifying salt (ES) amount in cheese emulsion systems on the physicochemical characteristics. Reduced-fat (RF) and full-fat (FF) white-brined cheese emulsions were produced with different dry matters (DM; 15%-25% excluding ES) and ES concentrations (0%-3% based on cheese weight). Stable cheese emulsion was obtained at lower DM in RF cheese emulsion than that of FF cheese emulsion. Reduction in the amount of ES resulted in instability of both emulsions. Apparent viscosity with pseudoplastic flow behavior significantly increased with the decrease of fat content in stable cheese emulsions. Microstructure of emulsions appeared to be related to the fat content, stability and degree of emulsification. Reduction of fat content caused to get less lightness and more greenness in color, whereas yellowness was significantly decreased by increase in the amount of ES. In conclusion, fat reduction resulted in higher viscosities of cheese emulsion due to inducing the increment of protein, and the addition amount of ES considered as very important factor to produce stable cheese emulsion without protein precipitation or cream separation. Therefore, for preparation of RF cheese emulsion using a variety of white-brined cheese, lower amounts of DM would be suggested in this study to obtain homogenous droplets in the atomizing process of spray drying.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.110-122
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• 2018

Akcakatik cheese (yogurt cheese) is produced by drying strained yogurt with or without adding cloves or black cumin. The main objective of this study was to detect the properties of both fresh and ripened Akcakatik cheeses and to compare them. For this purpose the biogenic amine content, volatile flavor compounds, protein degradation level, chemical properties and some microbiological properties of 15 Akcakatik cheese samples were investigated. Titratable acidity, total dry matter, NaCl, total nitrogen, water soluble nitrogen, ripened index, histamine, diacetyl and acetaldehyde levels were found to be higher in ripened cheese samples than in fresh cheese samples. On the other hand, the clove and black cumin ratios were found to be higher in the fresh cheese samples. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electropherograms of cheese samples showed that protein degradation was higher in ripened cheese samples than in fresh samples, as expected. The dominant Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) flora of Akcakatik cheese samples were found to be Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.872-878
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• 2011

The quality properties of Gouda cheese supplemented with Korean traditional Yakju (Acanthopanax senticosus or Pueraria thunbergiana wines) were investigated. Yakju was added in the process of Gouda cheese preparation, and proximate composition, lactic acid bacterial population, pH, water-soluble nitrogen, sensory characteristics and proteolysis were determined. The electrophoretic patterns of cheese proteins, the target functional components and thiobarbituric acid values of the cheeses also were analyzed. The sensory characteristics including appearance of the cheeses were not affected by supplementing Yakju. Significantly higher amounts of crude ash, minerals and polyphenols were observed in the cheese supplemented with Yakju compared to the control cheese. The results suggest that the Gouda cheese prepared with Yankju has functional and additional nutrient values without changing cheese characteristics.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2017

Four different types of cheeses were measure detailed changes in the mineral concentrations of cheese-serum during ripening. Concentrations of minerals in cheese juice were measured. The pH value using the low pH method (LPM) cheese was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of other cheeses. Similarly the total Ca, S, Mg, and P contents of LPM cheese were significantly lower in than those of other cheeses. Ca, S, Mg, and P remained in colloidal form, while other minerals were mostly in soluble forms after 1 day. The minerals associated with the structure of cheese (i.e., casein or colloidal calcium phosphate) remained largely insoluble even after 1 month of ripening.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

The textural and rheological properties of cheese are major attributes for the characterization of cheese types, ripening, and consumer preferences. The use of small amplitude oscillatory rheological testing has made it possible for cheese researchers to assess the major properties of cheese, such as melting behavior and storage modulus, without irreversible deformation. In addition, large deformation testing such as textural profile analysis can assess properties such as hardness of cheese. While the sensory properties of cheese are valued by consumers, objective and reliable measurements are paramount for researchers. Ongoing development and refinement of scientific measurement methods of cheese are vital.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.545-549
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• 2009

The functional properties of cheese, such as texture and melt, are known to be controlled by several important parameters. Recently, the characteristics of Ca in cheeses, especially the form of Ca (insoluble (INSOL) or soluble) and the shift in Ca equilibrium (i.e., from INSOL to soluble Ca), during aging has received a lot of attention. The INSOL form of Ca, which is present as a structural form in casein, plays a critical role in determining the functional properties of cheese during the early period of ripening (~1 mon). It seems that there is always a reduction of INSOL Ca content in cheese during ripening and there are also factors that can affect the shift in Ca equilibrium. These factors may include the composition of cheese milk, cheese manufacturing pH, acid development during aging, adopting curd-washing in various methods, pre-acidification of milk, etc. There have been many studies showing that the rheological and melting properties of cheese during ripening were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the shift in Ca equilibrium. Therefore, for cheese makers, it is now possible to predict/manage the functional properties of cheese by monitoring and controlling Ca equilibrium in cheese during aging.