• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.51-58
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• 1996

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.823-832
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• 2016

This paper presents a generation method of test streams for verifying conformance of an UHD broadcasting receiver including decoders for video and audio as well as parsers for PSIP and closed caption data. The proposed test streams for video/audio signals can evaluate conformance of HEVC, AC-3 and DTS-HD standards. Especially, test streams for HEVC video compression standard can be used for testing syntax compliance and error resilience for a HEVC decoder. Moreover, the proposed test streams for system/program and closed caption can be applied for verifying parsers for PSIP and CEA-708 standards.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.198-208
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to elicit the planning factors for the embodiment of sense of place in public library. This study analyzes qualitatively the good places where the children seek for and evaluate in children's library. The primary method of survey in this study is the caption evaluation. The survey is conducted in libraries of three types. In the caption evaluation, children take good places into photograph by themselves and are asked for reasons, features and physical characteristics for the pictures on good places. Through the study of the preceding studies, this study takes four analysis frames, Path, Occupancy Place, Edge and Mark. According to four analysis frames, the principal features, physical characteristics and the examples in libraries of domestic and foreign country are put in order. The meanings of this study are summarized as followings; presenting the method of user's positive evaluation, studying the sense of place in children's view point, and presenting the interrelation pattern for embodiment of the rich sense of place.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose a method and a software system for automatic summarization of baseball game videos. The proposed system pursues fast execution and high accuracy of summarization. To satisfy the requirement, the detection of important events in baseball video is performed through DC-based shot boundary detection algorithm and simple caption recognition method. Furthermore, the proposed system supports a hierarchical description so that users can browse and navigate videos in several levels of summarization. In this paper, we propose a method and a software system for automatic summarization of baseball game videos. The proposed system pursues fast execution and high accuracy of summarization. To satisfy the requirement, the detection of important events in baseball video is performed through DC-based shot boundary detection algorithm and simple caption recognition method. Furthermore, the proposed system supports a hierarchical description so that users can browse and navigate videos in several levels of summarization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.172-175
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• 2007

영상에 나타나는 자막은 영상과 관계가 있는 정보를 포함한다. 이러한 자막의 정보를 이용하기 위해 영상으로부터 자막을 추출하는 연구는 근래에 들어 활발히 진행되고 있다. 기존의 연구는 일정한 높이의 자막이나 획의 두께를 가진 자막만을 추출하였다. 본 논문에서는 일정 크기 이상의 크기에 무관한 자막을 추출하는 방법을 제안한다. 먼저, 자막 추출을 위해서 영상에 포함된 픽셀들의 연결 객체를 생성하였다. 그리고 연결 객체 중에서 자막의 형태적인 특정의 패턴을 분석하고, 패턴을 이용하여 자막을 추출하였다. 실험에 사용된 영상은 다큐멘터리, 쇼 프로그램과 같은 대중 방송에서 획득하였으며, 실험 결과는 다양한 크기의 자막을 포함한 영상을 사용하여 실험하였고, 자막 추출의 결과는 찾아진 연결객체 중에 자막의 비율과 자막 중에 찾아진 자막의 비율로 분석하였다. 제안한 방법에 의해 다양한 크기의 자막을 추출할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2010.07a
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• pp.335-336
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• 2010

장애인도 비장애인과 정보접근 기회를 동일하게 가질 권리가 있다. 하지만 청각장애인은 의사소통 수단이나 정보획득의 수단으로부터 소외됨으로써 다양한 사회적 참여에서 배제되기 일쑤였다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 청각장애인을 위한 음성인식을 이용한 자동 자막 시스템을 제안한다. 이 논문에서 제안하는 시스템은 음성 특징 파라미터 추출과 DTW에 의한 음성인식을 통해 음성을 추출하여 화면에 자막으로 나타나게 하는 시스템이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.461-464
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• 2020

지상파 방송에서는 청각장애인을 위해 폐쇄자막(closed caption) 서비스가 제공되고 있다. 현재의 폐쇄자막 방송은 속기사가 실시간으로 방송을 보면서 입력하기 때문에 지연이 있다. 또한 이렇게 입력된 폐쇄자막은 TV 프로그램 영상과 별도로 저장되기 때문에 영상과 그 시작점이 맞지 않는 경우가 대부분이다. 폐쇄자막을 온라인 서비스 등에 제공하고자 할 때 이러한 문제로 인해 영상과의 동기가 맞지 않아 사용이 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 TV 프로그램의 음성을 인식하여 동기화된 텍스트를 추출하고, 이를 기 저장된 폐쇄자막과 정렬하여 동기화하는 방법을 제안한다. 실제 TV 프로그램과 자막에 적용하였을 때 대부분의 음절과 라인에서 동기화가 정확히 이루어짐을 확인하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.33-46
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated web contents accessibility of 60 hospital web sites in Korea. The eight evaluation criteria were used for estimating the web contents accessibility of the web sites. These criteria were as follows: providing an alternative text, providing caption for moving picture, providing a skip navigation, usage of pop-up windows, usage of a summary or a caption tag for data table, providing a page title, providing a label for online form, and usage of java scripts. K-WAH 3.0 was used for estimating five evaluation criteria. According to Internet web contents accessibility guideline 1.0, we estimated the rest three evaluation criteria manually and described good or bad examples for the evaluation results technically. The results show that the web accessibility of hospital web sites is generally insufficient and the constant interests in improvement for accessibility are urgently needed.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.18
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• pp.231-268
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• 2002

This is a study about the audience's aspect of decoding the photography and words comprising photojournalism. For this study, the way of audience's decoding five pictures depicting a foreign worker's death and the captions for each were analyzed. Ethnographic method was used to find distinctive features of the audiences in decoding the pictures. Picture images without any title and caption shown to audiences bring quite different decodings from those of picture images titled and captioned. This led to the following three conclusions. First, picture image added by caption transforms the way the audience decode. Second, the cultural background of an audience works as a major variable, which means how the audience decode the picture image depends on what sort of cultural background the audience has. Third, it is also learned that picture image not captioned would not be able to represent the reality faithfully. The author made an experimental trial in this thesis how the communication process works successfully in a reality that photojournalists tried to represent and the way the audience decode it for the successful communication in photojournalism.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.191-204
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• 2021

Visual Question Answering (VQA) and image captioning are tasks that require understanding of the features of images and linguistic features of text. Therefore, co-attention may be the key to both tasks, which can connect image and text. In this paper, we propose a model to achieve high performance for VQA by image caption generated using a pretrained standard transformer model based on MSCOCO dataset. Captions unrelated to the question can rather interfere with answering, so some captions similar to the question were selected to use based on a similarity to the question. In addition, stopwords in the caption could not affect or interfere with answering, so the experiment was conducted after removing stopwords. Experiments were conducted on VQA-v2 data to compare the proposed model with the deep modular co-attention network (MCAN) model, which showed good performance by using co-attention between images and text. As a result, the proposed model outperformed the MCAN model.