• 한국의사학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.69-82
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• 2022

Shin Hong-gyun was born on August 20, 1881. The second son of Shin Tae-geom (申泰儉) in Sangsang-ri, Sinbukcheong-myeon, Bukcheong-gun,Hamgyeongnam-do. His family had been practicing East Asian medicine as a family business. At that time, the families of East Asian doctors who passed the general examination of the Joseon Dynasty had been continuing the East Asian medicine business from generation to generation. Starting with exile in North Gando in 1911, he was located in Wangga-dong, 17 Doo-gu, Changbaek-hyeon. In 1915, he met General Choi Un-san in Bongo-dong, treated the soldiers suffering from cellulitis, and participated in the training process to prepare for the upcoming anti-Japanese war. However, because of a growing difference of opinion with General Choi Woon-san, Shin Hong-gyun left Bono-dong after a year and mets Sorae Kim Jung-geon and joined the founding of Wonjonggyo and Daejindan, an anti-Japanese armed group. It is said that Shin Hong-gyun established many schools in Korean villages destroyed by the Gyeongshin disaster and 14 schools were established under the names of Wonjonggyo and Daejin. After the Japanese established the puppet Manchukuo in 1931, the Manchurian Defense Forces were formed. Koreans and Chinese immigrants to Manchuria worked together to carry out a joint Korean-Chinese anti-Japanese operation towards the Japanese Empire. In 1933, 50 of the Daejindan members joined the Korean Independence Army, and among them, Shin Hong-gyun began to work as a medical doctor in earnest. During an ambush in Daejeonryeong Valley, he could not get a proper meal and, to make matters worse, got wet in the rainy season, so the situation was a challenge in various ways. At this time, Shin Hong-gyun showed his knowledge of herbal medicine, picked black wood ear mushrooms that grew wild in the mountains, washed them in rain water, and provided food to the independence fighters and relieved them of hunger. After the Battle of Daejeon-ryeong, the Japanese army's suppression of the independence forces intensified, and most of the independence fighters escaped from the Chinese army's encirclement and were scattered. Ahn Tae-jin and others led the remaining units and continued the anti-Japanese armed struggle in the forest areas of Yeongan, Aekmok, Mokneung, and Milsan.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.9-22
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• 2007

We got some conclusion like below. after comparison and consideration mainly with commentary of "Somun(素問)", "Uihakyimmun(醫學入門)"about pulses, reasons, symptoms, treatments of HaeYok. The name of Haeyok was appeared "Somun(素問)", "Youngchu(靈樞)" for the first time, and from then 'Treatment From Pulse' was promoted into details. About the Pulse of Haeyok, every doctor followed the 'chokmaekwansaek' mentioned in "Somun Pyoungingisanglon(素問 平人氣象論)". But the letter 'wan(緩)' in 'chokmaekwansaek' was translated not pulse but drooped skin in "SomunKumsok(素問今釋)". On the reasons of Haeyok, we can lot out in detail like next; (1) heat of liver and abdomen, lack of blood. (2) declining Gi, little blood, (3) declining and little Gi of spleen, (4) Lack of Gi and Blood, (5) weak kidney energy, (6) nutritional vacancy, (7) no energy circulation from hardened kidney, (8) exogenous disease on void kidney (9) both weak meridian of liver, kidney. And it can be divided broadly into two groups; weak liver and kidney, declining and little Gi of spleen. The symptoms of Haeyok is that patient feels cold, but really that is not cold, feels weak, really not weak, feels vigorous but not. So hardly be named. the members are exhausted, people get lazy, annoying, sick. and have no vitality. Treatments about this, some prescriptions are suggested such as Baekhaptang(白合湯) from "Naekyoungsupyoubanglon(內經拾遺方論)", Yishintang(利腎湯) from "Hwangjesomunsonmyoungbanglon(黃帝素問宣明方論)". In "Dongyanguihakdaesajon", there's some treatment according to some reason; when we are lazy and don't know where is sick, use Haryoungmansudan(遐齡萬壽丹) or Shinsongijedan(神仙旣濟丹), When it is from Liquor, use Galhwahaedokdan(葛花解毒丹), When from humidity use Gamichulbutang(加味朮附湯), from cold use Ganghwalchunghwatang(羌活沖和湯), and when it comes from instable menstruation, it will be good Gamisoyosan(加味逍遙散). And treatment principle from "Uihakyimmun(醫學入門)" is that "Circulate Gi and blood, be thin skin, prescribe exogenous disease over for void organs."

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.754-759
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• 1998

연구배경: 폐암은 우리나라에서 문제가 하나 되는 중요한 암종중 하나인데, 여러 가지 의학적 발전에도 불구하고 그 예후는 좋지 않으므로, 가능한한 조기에 발견하여 수술하는 것이 좋다. 그러나 이의 진단이 용이치 않아 지연진단의 원인들이나 임상적 특성들을 분석하여 개선점을 찾고자하였다. 방 법: 1995년 1월부터 12까지에 충남대학교 병원에서 조직학적으로 진단받은 폐암 환자 154명을 대상으로 그 주된 증상, 진단까지의 소요기간, 지연진단을 유발한 질환들을 후향적으로 조사 분석하되 순조롭게 진단된 환자 91명(1군)과 진단이 지연된 환자 63명(2군)으로 나누어 조사하여 비교하였다. 결 과: 병원을 찾게된 주증상들은 일반적인 호흡기 증상들이 대부분이었는데, 객혈이나 흉통의 경우는 진단이 순조로왔고, 객담 및 기침, 호흡곤란의 증상들에서는 진단이 지연되었다. 또한 이의료진들에 의한 지연진단도 후자의 증상들에서 주로 문제가 되었다. 진단이 지연된 경우에는 결핵성 질환(40.9%), 폐염(14.3%) 등으로 오진되거나 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환(9.5%), 심장질환(7.9%) 등의 동반되는 타질환으로 인해 오진되거나 지연전단된 경우들이었다. 결 론: 호흡기 증상이 일단 생기면 특별한 금기증이 없는 한 흉부 방사선 검사를 사행하는 것이 중요하며, 확실치 않을 때는 즉시 3차 전문병원으로 전원하는 것도 중요하고, 기존의 다른 만성질환으로 치료받고 있는 환자들에서도 주기적인 흉부 방사선 검사가 필요할 수 있으므로 이런 점들에 유의하면 지연진단의 문제를 개선할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2023

In retrospect, the irony of this story began with the first meeting of these co-authors-in of all places, Coimbatore, India, in 2008, at the 12th International Perforator Flap Course. Here the junior author [hereafter "jp"] demonstrated his unparalleled skills in networking, and soon thereafter journeyed some 11,073 km to Allentown, U.S. to peruse the operating room and clinics of the senior author [sic. ggh] in action. Within 2 years jp orchestrated the presentation of the 14th International Perforator Flap Course, so ggh with great anticipation flew only 6,830 miles to reach Seoul, Korea for his first time. But four years more elapsed before ggh returned again to Korea to be a visiting professor, all the while not quite sure why any Korean would want anything from a country doctor who resided in nowheresville Allentown, Pennsylvania. Yet, an extraordinary fact then was to be unveiled, about which ggh was totally ignorant. The pioneer of plastic surgery in Korea, the first Korean to have completed an accredited plastic surgery fellowship, by coincidence had accomplished all this in . . . . . Allentown. The collegial relationship that evolved between these co-authors, who met by chance, indeed had a precedent coincidence! Was this "by chance" alone or predestination? Amazingly, in a way similar, the origin of plastic surgery itself in Korea also had Allentown connections. As a tribute to Lew Jae-duk, this important story must be here told, so let us now retrace his past in Allentown so we can find how the future was to be not so far away.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.170-179
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• 2010

Purpose: It was to identify the relationship with the health beliefs, self-efficacy and medical care utilization in nurses in order to provide basic data for program development to actively help nurses' health practice. Methods: The subjects were 360 hospital nurses in P city, K Province. Instruments were health belief developed by Walker, Sechrist & Pender (1987), self-efficacy by Sherer, Maddux & Mercandante(1982), and medical care utilization by Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey(2006). The data were analyzed as descriptive statistics, Chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA using SPSS 11.5. Results: There were significant differences in medical care utilization depending on age(p=.008), marital status(p=.019), education level(p=.005), types of work(p=.017), nursing units(p=.018), and period of work(p=.001). Use of outpatient clinic was significantly different depending on perceived susceptibility(F=2.463, p=.045). Nurses who consulted to doctor in other hospital had higher perceived severity(F=2.759, p=.028). Nurses who used complementary medicine had higher perceived barrier(F=2.278, p=.047). The score of self-efficacy was significantly different in medical care service frequency (F=3.030, p=.018) and to whom their health problems consulted(F=3.092, p=.010). Conclusion: Medical service utilization was different depending on the demographic characteristics, perceived susceptibility, severity, and barrier, and self efficacy. It is needed to give health promotion program considering these factors for nurses.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2017

Objectives : Yoondongri is a famous Korean medical doctor in the 18th century. He wrote Chochangkyeul, a special medical book which records his treatment based on the theory of Ungi. Nevertheless, his life and his book have not received due research it deserves. Methods : The paper studied the family tree as revealed in the Papyeong Yoon clan and Chochangkyeul. Further study was done on Yoon's medical theories and clinical features as discovered in Chochangkyeul and Ungiyeonron. Results & Conclusions : Very little is known about Yoondongri other than that he is the 27th generation from the progenitor of the Yoon clan of Papyeong Yoon clan, and that he is the great grandchild of Choongheon-gong Yoon Jeon. One of the important elements of his Ungi theory is Owoon Habgi, which illustrates the integration of Gabsin, Muui, Byeonggye, Gyungjeong, and Yimgi, thereby forming one Ilki. Ilki signifies that mechanisms of disease are inter-connected and one in essence. As the core of his clinical practice, he explains the 25 different types of diseases that can afflict those who are born in the years Gabsin, Muui, Byeongye, Gyungjeong, and Yimgi when they are met with their corresponding year. Yoon described for each script the mechanism of disease, symptom, treatment, and prescription, all of which showcases his status as a great clinical practitioner. His application of Ungi theory is uncomplicated and accessible. His method was also highly effective, the likes of which were unseen even in China and Japan. His prescriptions are mainly based on the Ungi treatment found in Jinmutaek's Saminang, and on Donguibogam.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.271-279
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• 2023

Purpose: Adolescent self-harm is a public health problem. Research suggests a link between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and self-destructive behaviors. Few studies, however, have examined the effects of ACEs on self-harm among Asian adolescents. This study explored the association between lifetime ACEs and a history of self-harm among Korean children and adolescents in elementary, middle, and high schools. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective medical record review was conducted on a dataset of a national psychiatrist advisory service for school counselors who participated in the Wee Doctor Service from January 1 to December 31, 2020. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression to predict self-harm. Results: Student cases (n=171) were referred to psychiatrists by school counselors for remote consultation. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that the odds of self-harm were higher among high school students (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=4.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.94-12.76), those with two or more ACEs (aOR=3.27; 95% CI=1.43-7.47), and those with depression (aOR=3.06; 95% CI=1.32-7.10). Conclusion: The study's findings provide compelling evidence that exposure to ACEs can increase vulnerability to self-harm among Korean students. Students with a history of ACEs and depression, as well as high school students, require increased attention during counseling. School counselors can benefit from incorporating screening assessment tools that include questions related to ACEs and depression. Establishing a systematic referral system to connect students with experts can enhance the likelihood of identifying self-harm tendencies and offering the essential support to prevent self-harm.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제6권
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• pp.189-227
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• 1993

I have studied life of Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里), who applied Un-Ki(運氣) theory to medicine during Suk-Jong(肅宗) to Joong-Jo(正祖) in Yi-Dynasty and also studied his existing writings named ${\ll}$Cho-Chang-kyeol${\gg}$ (草窓訣). The referenced original work prints were based on 1980's print of Chung-Ku oriental medical society and National Central Library and The academy a korean studies possessed print. Studied with these books, I have concluded as follows. 1. Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里) courtesy name is Ja-Mi(子美), pen name is Cho-Chang(草窓). He was born in 1705, Suk-Jong(肅宗) 31yrs, and died in 1784, Jeong-Jo(正祖) 8yrs in Yi-Dynasty. He had lineage of third-generationed-doctor and learned medicine from his uncle, Yoon-Woo-Kyo(尹雨敎). His father Yoon-Yi-Kyo(尹이敎) gaved him second influence. 2. Confucianal physician in Ming Dynasty You-Bu(劉溥) respected Ju-Ryeom-Kye(周溓溪), confucianist in Song-Dynasty and You-Bu(劉溥) does not removed grass in front of window (because in chinese, Cho-Charig(草窓) means grass in front of window), and named himself Cho-Chang(草窓). Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里) followed this suit so called himself Cho-Chang (草窓). 3. The main contents of ${\ll}$Cho-Chang-Kyeol${\gg}$ (草窓訣), (運氣衍論) was written in 1725, when Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里) was 21yrs old and printed in 1736. The other part of ${\ll}$Cho-Chang-Kyeol${\gg}$ (草窓訣), (用藥篇) was written in 1746. These two parts were not written in the satre time. The (運氣衍論) was written llyears earlier than (用藥). Two parts were combined another day and named (草窓訣). 4. Existing ${\ll}$Cho-Chang-Kyeol${\gg}$ (草窓訣) is transcribed printing with the con tent of "Five elements motion and the six kind of natural factors theory" (五運六氣設). Each edition is generally similar in content, but also has different points each other so naw we hardly finds a complete set of works. 5. ${\ll}$Cho-Chang-Kyeol${\gg}$ (草窓訣) is a first technical book which treats of Un-Ki(運氣) theory in korea. 6. The contents of (運氣衍論) of ${\ll}$Cho-Chang-Kyeol${\gg}$ (草窓訣) is mechanism of diease according to excess and insuffciency of five elements motion and six kinds of nalural faclors.and symploms and priscriptions, includes variated priscriptions. 7. Two parts in (運氣衍論) of ${\ll}$Cho-Chang-Kyeol${\gg}$ (草窓訣), 'Sang-tong' (相通) and 'Kak-Tong' (各通), threats of mochanisim of the disease according to five elements. with the principle of inter-promoting and inter-acting, in the change of ten heavenly stems and five elements motion. 8. In the (用藥篇) of ${\ll}$Cho-Chang-Kyeol${\gg}$ (草窓訣) describes priscription for clinical application according to Un-Ki(運氣) and also records about misuse of medicine. 9. In the ${\ll}$Cho-Chang-Kyeol${\gg}$ (草窓訣), most of priscription are common using one, which also found in ${\ll}$Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Garm${\gg}$ (東醫寶鑑) and there are few of priscriptions hy Yoon-Dong-Li(尹東里).

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.160-169
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• 2007

Background: Hwa-Byung is known as a specific Korean cultural syndrome which corresponds to DSM-IV(MMPI). Some Korean women who have experienced heart aching anger(Hwa-Byung) complain physical pains as well as psychological problems. As for these physical pains, upper limb arthropathy(e.g. golf elbow pains, tennis elbow pains, or shoulder-joint pains) have not been paid attentions. In spite of not having done her excessive physical endeavor or exercise, some Korean middle aged women complain those arthropathy pains. And they go round orthopedics, pain clinics, and oriental medicine clinics. Purpose: This study was practiced in Severance Oriental Medicine Clinic. The oriental medicine doctor had a question about the major origin of upper limb pains which were not caused by excessive physical endeavor. To answer the question, this study has been practiced. In the process of interview with some those women, the major cause of those syndromes has been revealed as Hwa-Byung. The purpose of this study is to discover the meanings of the women's life who have been experienced Hwa-Byung with upper limb arthropathy. Results: These upper limb arthropathy can be explained by meridian theory. Shoulder-joint pain and golf elbow with Hwabyung can be explained by Heart meridian of hand-shoyin and the points of these pains are in the flow of this meridian. Tennis elbow with Hwabyung can be explained by Small intestine meridian of hand-taiyang and this point is in the flow of this meridian. The results of interview with 9 middle aged women was analyzed and interpreted according to Spradley's method of ethnography. The analysis revealed three core cultural themes : 1) There are certainly external cause to provoke Hwa-Byung. A patricentric family system, husband's playing around with another woman, cruel treatment by husband's family, or financial failure may be present anteriorly. 2) The chief existing condition is the discord between husband and wife. The stoppage of mutual communication, lacking in understanding, unfeeling, heartless, or unsympathetic is an major phenomenon of married life. So the important factor is not the sexual relations or problems but the discords of communication. 3) The feeling of anger, the sense of nihility, the desire to escape, and the effort to forgiveness coexist together. At a glance, they seemed to be a process. For example, anger seemed to present at first, then nihility seemed at second, then escape seemed at third, and then forgiveness seemed at last. But at point of visiting clinic to be treated, they are mixed up together as if in a jumble.

• 의료법학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.263-302
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• 2014

The court handed down meaningful rulings related to medical sectors in 2013. This paper presents the ruling that the care workers could be the performance assistants of the care-giving service although the duties of care worker are not included in the liability stipulated in the medical contract signed with the hospital for reason of clear distinction of duties between care workers and nurses within the hospital in connection with the contract which was entered into between the hospital and patients. In relation to negligence and causal relationship, the court recognized medical negligence associated with the failure to detect the brain tumor due to the negligent interpretation of MRI findings while rejecting the causal relationship with consequential cerebral hemorrhage. The court also recognized negligence based on the observation on the grounds of inadequate medical records in a case involving the hypoxic brain damage caused during the cosmetic surgery. In terms of the scope of compensation for damages, this paper presents the ruling that the compensation should be estimated based on causal relationship only in case the breach of the 'obligation of explanation' is recognized, however rejecting the reparation for de factor property damages in the form of compensation, and the ruling that the lawsuit could be instituted in case that the damages exceeded the agreed scope despite the agreement that the hospital would not be held responsible for any aftereffects of surgery from the standpoint of lawsuit, along with the ruling that recognized the daily net income by reflecting the unique circumstances faced by individual students of Korean National Police University and artists of Western painting. Many rulings were handed down with respect to medical certificate, prescription, etc., in 2013. This paper introduced the ruling which mentioned the scope of medical certificate, the ruling that related to whether the diagnosis over the phone at the issuance of prescription could constitute the direct diagnosis of patient, along with the ruling that required the medical certificate to be generated in the name of doctor who diagnosed the patients, and the ruling which proclaimed that it would constitute the breach of Medical Act if the prescription was issued to the patients who were not diagnosed. Moreover, this paper also introduced the ruling that related to whether the National Health Insurance Service could make claim to the hospitals for the reimbursement of the health insurance money paid to pharmacies based on the prescription in the event that the hospitals provided prescription of drugs to outpatients in violation of the laws and regulations.