• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.84-99
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• 2014

In this study, determinant input-output variables are identified for calculating Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) efficiency scores relating to evaluating the efficiency of government-sponsored research and development (R&D) projects. In particular, this study proposes a systematic framework of design and analysis of experiments, called "all possible DEAs", for pinpointing DEA determinant input-output variables. In addition to correlation analyses, two modified measures of time series analysis are developed in order to check the similarities between a DEA complete data structure (CDS) versus the rest of incomplete data structures (IDSs). In this empirical analysis, a few DEA determinant input-output variables are found to be associated with a typical public R&D performance evaluation logic model, especially oriented to a mid- and long-term performance perspective. Among four variables, only two determinants are identified : "R&D manpower" ($x_2$) and "Sales revenue" ($y_1$). However, it should be pointed out that the input variable "R&D funds" ($x_1$) is insignificant for calculating DEA efficiency score even if it is a critical input for measuring efficiency of a government-sonsored R&D project from a practical point of view a priori. In this context, if practitioners' top priority is to see the efficiency between "R&D funds" ($x_1$) and "Sales revenue" ($y_1$), the DEA efficiency score cannot properly meet their expectations. Therefore, meticulous attention is required when using the DEA application for public R&D performance evaluation, considering that discrepancies can occur between practitioners' expectations and DEA efficiency scores.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.74-81
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• 2019

This study reports the CW $CO_2$ laser scribing of soda lime glass. In this study, scribing experiments are carried out at different laser powers, scan speeds, and focal positions to investigate the effect of the process parameters on the interaction characteristics between a laser beam and glass. In particular, the interaction characteristics are analyzed and described with the input laser energy per unit length. According to the experimental results, the damage threshold for the glass surface was found to exist between 0.072 and 0.08 J/mm. The input laser energy in this region induced partial melting of the surface and grain-shaped cracks. These cracks tended to increase as the input laser energy increased. At the laser input energy larger than 1 J/mm, a huge crack propagating along the scan direction was produced, and the volume below the scribed area was fully melted. The growth of this crack finally resulted in the complete cutting of the glass at the input laser energy above 8 J/mm. It was found that both the width and depth of the scribed line increased with increasing input laser energy. For the beam focusing at the rear surface, the width of the scribed line varied irregularly. This could be ascribed to the increased asymmetry of the beam intensity distribution when the laser beam was focused at the rear surface. Under this condition, a large burr was only produced on one side of the scribed line.

• International Journal of Korean Welding Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2002

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the formation mechanisms of imperfections such as irregular humps, outer cavity and inner cavity in the laser fusion zone of diamond saw blade. Laser beam welding was conducted to join two parts of blade; mild steel shank and Fe-Co-Ni sintered tip. The variables were beam power and travel speed. The microstructure and elements distributions of specimens were analyzed with SEM, AES, EPMA and so on. It was found that these imperfections were responded to heat input. Irregular humps were reduced in 10.4∼l7.6kJ/m heat input range. However there were no clear evidences, which could explain the relations between humps formation and heat input. The number of outer cavity and inner cavity decreased as heat input was increased. Considering both possible defects formations mechanisms, it could be thought that outer cavity was caused by insufficient refill of keyhole, which was from rapid solidification of molten metal and fast molten metal flow to the rear keyhole wall at low heat input. More inner cavities were found near the interface of the fusion zone and sintered segment and in the bottom of the fusion zone. Inner cavity was mainly formed in the upper fusion zone at high heat input whereas was in the bottom at low heat input. Inner cavity was from trapping of coarsened preexist pores in the sintered tip and metal vapor due to rapid solidification of molten metal before the bubbles escaped.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.94-103
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• 2024

The eyeball input system is a text input system designed based on 'eye tracking technology' and 'virtual keyboard character-input technology'. The current virtual keyboard structure used is a rectangular QWERTY array optimized for a multi-input method that simultaneously utilizes all 10 fingers on both hands. However, since 'eye-tracking technology' is a single-input method that relies solely on eye movement, requiring only one focal point for input, problems arise when used in conjunction with a rectangular virtual keyboard structure designed for multi-input method. To solve this problem, first of all, previous studies on the shape, type, and movement of muscles connected to the eyeball were investigated. Through the investigation, it was identified that the principle of eye movement occurs in a circle rather than in a straight line. This study, therefore, proposes a new key arrangement wherein the keys are arranged in a circular structure suitable for rotational motion rather than the key arrangement of the current virtual keyboard which is arranged in a rectangular structure and optimized for both-hand input. In addition, compared to the existing rectangular key arrangement, a performance verification experiment was conducted on the circular key arrangement, and through the experiment, it was confirmed that the circular arrangement would be a good replacement for the rectangular arrangement for the virtual keyboard.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.205-216
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• 2005

This study investigated aspects of caregiver's input relating to the early development of nouns and verbs. Subjects were 34 Korean-Chinese children in Yanji, China. At 1 year of age each child's spontaneous speech during interaction with his/her caregiver was videotaped for about 30 minutes. The children's spontaneous utterances were transcribed and coded on the lexical level(nouns and verbs) and the pragmatic level. Children's speech was recorded, transcribed and coded again at 2 years of age. Results showed that children used more verbs when they were older; there were no differences between the two ages in mother's pragmatic utterances but when they were two-years-old children used more actionoriented utterances and object-described utterances. Mother's input was related to children's pragmatic utterances.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.50-57
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• 2008

This paper analyse the economic inducement effects of aviation industry using Input-Output Model. For measuring economic inducement effects of aviation industry on korean economy, this paper divides air transport industry as two - manufacturing industry and service industry. we also use Input-Output Table of year 1990 through 2003 from Bank of Korea. Empirical results tells that aviation manufacturing industry have high product inducement effects to national economy although its low value-added coefficient such as 0.486 for aviation manufacturing industry and 0.447 for aviation service industry. public R&D doesn't have much effect to each of aviation industries.

• 한국어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.300-304
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 한국어 의미역 결정을 순차열 분류 문제(Sequence Labeling Problem)가 아닌 순차열 변환 문제(Sequence-to-Sequence Learning)로 접근하였고, 구문 분석 단계와 자질 설계가 필요 없는 End-to-end 방식으로 연구를 진행하였다. 음절 단위의 RNN Search 모델을 사용하여 음절 단위로 입력된 문장을 의미역이 달린 어절들로 변환하였다. 또한 순차열 변환 문제의 성능을 높이기 위해 연구된 인풋-피딩(Input-feeding) 기술과 카피넷(CopyNet) 기술을 한국어 의미역 결정에 적용하였다. 실험 결과, Korean PropBank 데이터에서 79.42%의 레이블 단위 f1-score, 71.58%의 어절 단위 f1-score를 보였다.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.97-105
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• 2008

Although the judgment of constitutions is given according to the Sasang Typology in domestic korean medicine hospitals and universities, the unified constitution clinical information has not been accumulated. Therefore, in this paper, based on collection items where oriental doctors and experts have already agreed, we construct the input system which correctly and effectively collects the clinical information of persons of which constitutions are distinguished explicitly. In the future, the input system could be utilized to collect clinical information continuously and will help to search and analyze the constitution clinical information.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.43 no.7
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• pp.1093-1102
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• 1994

PWM converters employing GTO's are proposed to be used for the currently planned Korean High-Speed Train system. In this paper, operating methods and harmonic spectrums are investigated for the PWM modulated voltage controlled GTO AC/DC converter used in the High-Speed Train System. It is shown that harmonic components can be controlled by varying carrier frequency in PWM modulation schemes. Then the input power-factor control scheme is suggested and analyzed. It is found that the power-factor can be varied by controlling the converter input voltage and phase angles between the input supply voltage and the converter input voltage. Finally, simulation programs are developed and converter systems are implemented.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.29B no.10
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• pp.100-112
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• 1992

In this paper, an integrated document input/output system is developed which constructs the graphic document from a text file, converts the document into encoded facsimile data, and also recognizes printed/handwritten alphanumerics and Korean characters in a facsimile or graphic document. For an output system, we develop the method which generates bit-map patterns from the document consisting of the KSC5601 and ASCII codes. The binary graphic image, if necessary, is encoded by the G3 coding scheme for facsimile transmission. For a user friendly input system for documents consisting of alphanumerics and Korean characters obtained from a facsimile or scanner, we propose a document recognition algirithm utilizing several special features(partial projection, cross point, and distance features) and the membership function of the fuzzy set theory. In summary, we develop an integrated document input/output system and its performance is demonstrated via computer simulation.