• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.264-274
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the meal types by cooking methods provided at different meal provision places using the 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods: A total of 42,441 meal data on adults from the 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for analysis. The data were analyzed by complex sample $x^2-test$ of independence and complex sample logistic regression analysis using SPSS 23.0 for Windows. Results: The meal provision place showing the highest frequency was home (60.2%), followed by commercial (32.5%) and institutional foodservices (7.3%). The meal types by cooking method most frequently consumed were rices (18.3%) and kimchis (16.6%). The results of the complex sample logistic regression analysis showed that breads & snacks, steamed or braised dishes, fried dishes, and fresh seasoned vegetables were more likely to be consumed at commercial or institutional foodservices than at home. In addition, noodles & dumplings were more likely to be consumed at commercial places, and Korean soups were consumed at institutional foodservices. Conclusion: From the results of this study, it is suggested to develop recipes for substitution of fried dishes and to develop low sodium recipes at commercial and institutional foodservices. In addition, education of consumers of commercial foodservice is needed to reduce consumption of fried dishes, salted seafoods, and pickled vegetables and encourage consumers to choose meals from institutional foodservice managed by dietitians.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.240-246
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diabetes is diagnosed after an average of 10-12 years of diabetic development. Strict glycemic control in diabetic patients promotes the normalization of blood glucose and reduces cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetic complications. Therefore, early diagnosis in non-aware individuals is very important. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Clinical indices and nutrient intakes in Korean diabetic adults aged 19-64 years were examined according to the awareness of diabetes, using 2012 and 2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. The aware group was defined as individuals who were aware of having diabetes from diagnosis by physician before the survey and the non-aware group as individuals who were not aware of having diabetes. RESULTS: The average age was higher in the aware group compared to the non-aware group in both men (P = 0.002) and women (P = 0.004). The prevalences of hypertension and dyslipidemia were not different between the two groups, but the diagnosis rate was significantly lower in the non-aware group. In the non-aware group, total and LDL-cholesterol were significantly higher (P < 0.001), the risk for total cholesterol over 240 mg/dL was 3.4 times (95% CI: 1.58-7.52) higher (P = 0.002) and the risk for LDL-cholesterol over 160 mg/dL was 4.59 times (95% CI: 2.07-10.17) higher (P < 0.001). The calorie intake of the female non-aware group was significantly higher compared to the female aware group (P = 0.033). CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the recommendation of screening test is necessary even for young adults. Studies on the methodology for early diagnosis of diabetes are also needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.182-192
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• 2022

Objectives: Understanding the factors influencing mothers' decision to breastfeed their infants is essential to formulate effective breastfeeding interventions. This study explored the determinants of optimal breastfeeding indicators in Indonesia. Methods: We used the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey to analyze factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), and continued breastfeeding at 1 year (CBF-1) and 2 years (CBF-2). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine bio-demographic, socio-cultural, and behavioral characteristics associated with breastfeeding after considering the survey design effect. Results: The risk of delayed breastfeeding initiation was higher among infants who were born smaller, first-born children, were delivered via cesarean delivery, and did not have immediate skin-to-skin contact (p<0.01). Infant's age, birth pattern, household wealth index, and the mother's occupation and smoking status were predictors of EBF (p<0.05). CBF-1 was less common among first-time mothers and those working in the non-agricultural sector, mothers from wealthier families, and mothers who had cesarean deliveries (p<0.01). Infant's age was negatively associated with CBF-2 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74 to 0.99). Mothers attending college were less likely to practice CBF-2 than those with no education or primary education (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.77). The absence of postnatal visits was a risk factor for CBF-1 and CBF-2 (p<0.05). Conclusions: Breastfeeding interventions in Indonesia should pay particular attention to at-risk groups such as women from wealthier families, working outside the agricultural sector, and with a higher education level. Nutrition-sensitive programs (e.g., postnatal care and smoking cessation) should also be encouraged.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.631-641
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to confirm the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and the prevalence of periodontal disease, with a focus on employment status, in a representative sample of Korean adults aged 19-39 years. Methods: Data were obtained from 3,178 adults who completed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, health-related questionnaires, and an oral examination. Socioeconomic, demographic, and oral health-related behavior data were adopted as independent variables. The chi-square test was used to assess differences in the distribution of socioeconomic status, oral health behavior, and nutrition factors according to employment status. Logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the relationships between the prevalence of periodontitis and the related variables. Results: Significant differences in sex, educational level, income, marital status, smoking status, prevalence of periodontitis, number of dental check-ups in a year, and unmet dental care were confirmed according to employment status. The prevalence of periodontal disease was not significantly related to employment status. Conclusions: These results suggest a significant difference in periodontal disease according to socioeconomic factors in Korean adults. However, the prevalence of periodontal disease was not related to employment status. To prevent the progression of periodontal disease, attention should be paid to oral health, time available for dental treatment, smoking cessation, and use of floss.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.170-183
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• 2022

Purpose: This descriptive survey-based study aimed to identify the factors associated with obese adults' quality of life (QOL) using a secondary analysis of data collected through the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019). Methods: In this study, factors affecting the health-related quality of life of obese adults were analyzed by categorizing them into three independent variables: general characteristics, health behaviors, and mental health characteristics. Using t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), an analysis was performed to determine the differences in obese adults' QOL depending on their general characteristics, health behaviors, and mental health conditions. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to identify the factors that affect obese adults' QOL. Results: In obese adults' general characteristics, the risk factors for QOL were older age, male, lower-income level, presence of spouse, and occupation. With regard to health behaviors, the risk factors were lack of exercise. In terms of mental health conditions, the risk factors were stress and suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Obese adults' QOL was affected by age, sex, income level, absence/presence of a spouse, occupation, health behaviors (e.g., exercise), and mental health conditions (e.g., stress and suicidal ideation).

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.157-164
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to survey periodontal status using oral health index in the elderly population and determine methods for improving oral health status. Methods: The date collected from 'The fifth korean national health and nutrition examination survey 2010' was analyzed in this study. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 19.0 for windows. We determined frequencies and percentage, calculating means, and standard deviations, and determining statistical significance using logistic regression analysis, multiple regression analysis. Results: General characteristics showed differences in oral health behaviors associated with gender, age, residence, education. General characteristics showed differences in periodontal status associated with gender, family type, gender, residence, education. Oral health behaviors showed differences in periodontal status associated with using oral health care products, dental treatment. Conclusion: In conclusion, in order to improve oral health of the elderly, the importance and needs of periodontal status should be emphasized. periodontal status related education for the elderly should be operated.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the intake of vitamins and minerals from dietary supplements (DSs) in Korean adults and elderly. Methods: Data for this study was generated from the 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We analyzed 4,204 individuals aged 19 years and older (2,579 users and 1,625 non-users). The survey included 24-h recall questions on food and DS intakes, as well as questions on DS use over the past year. The nutrient DSs evaluated were calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C. Total nutrient intakes were obtained by combining nutrient intakes of foods and DSs consumed by each subject. Results: Most micronutrient intakes from food (except for thiamin) in adult users, and the four micronutrient intakes (iron, vitamin A, vitamin B₂ and vitamin C) in elderly users, were significantly higher than values obtained in non-users. For total intake of nutrients and DSs, both adult and elderly users had a significantly higher intake than non-users. While proportions below Estimated Average Requirements for all micronutrients by adding respective DSs in users were significantly reduced in adults and elderly as compared to non-users, the proportions of above Tolerable Upper Intake Levels for calcium and vitamin A in adults, and vitamin A in elderly, were significantly increased. In the total subjects examined, consumption of DSs was associated with lower odds ratios of undernutrition of micronutrients, and with higher odds ratios of overnutrition of calcium, iron, and vitamin A, as compared to non-users of DSs. Conclusions: Although DSs consumption by adults and the elderly improves the micronutrient status, it also increases the risk of excessive intake of certain vitamins and minerals.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2005년도 10th Anniversary International Symposium
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• pp.69-69
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• 2005

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.207-216
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• 2021

Background: Good patient experience is positively associated with adherence to treatment recommendations, better clinical effectiveness, and health outcomes. This study aims to find out the key factors affecting positive patient experience to improve the quality of care using nationally representative survey data. Methods: The data was collected from the 6th National Health Nutrition Survey in 2015. Four patient experience items were investigated for patients with visiting outpatient care over the past year. Positive patient experience was defined as a case of responding always or usually yes. The t-test, chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression were performed to determine the key factors affecting the outpatient experience. Results: More than 80% of the respondents reported their care experience as positive excluding doctor spending enough time during the consultation. Male, poor health status, and single/divorced, and the longer time interval between outpatient care visit and survey were found to be significantly correlated with negative care experiences in the multiple logistic regression. Patients who received outpatient care at the oriental medicine clinic had a positive experience compared to those received outpatient care at the general hospital. However, patient factors including age, income, job, and insurance type had no significant association with patient experience. Conclusion: Health care providers should prioritize patients who report negative patient experiences and implement management decisions to improve the patient experience.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the associations of food security with socio-demographic characteristics, nutrient intakes and mental health status among older Korean adults. Methods: This study was conducted using data from the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Subjects were 4,451 adults aged 65~98 years. Food security was measured using a self-reported question on food sufficiency of subjects' household. Based on the answers, study subjects were classified into secure, mildly insecure, moderately insecure, and severely insecure groups. Dietary intake was estimated by 24-hour dietary recall. Nutrient intake was assessed by dietary reference intakes (DRI). As for mental health status, the data on mental stress, depression, and suicide ideation were used. Results: Rate of food insecurity in older adults was 14.3%. Old age, being female, low education, low income level, living alone, and discomfort in daily living were more related to food insecurity. Means of nutrient intakes were significantly different according to food security status. Intakes of calcium, potassium, and vitamin $B_2$ were lower than recommended intakes in all groups. Consumption amounts of soy and soybean products, vegetables, mushrooms, fruits, vegetable oils, meats, eggs, seafood, and dairy products were lower in food insecure groups. Mental stress, depression, and suicide ideation were higher in food insecure groups independent of the gender and income level. Conclusions: These present findings suggested that food security is related to mental health as well as nutrition status in older Korean adults. A national system that include food and psychosocial support programs for the elderly should be considered in order to improve the overall health of older Korean adults.