• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.5 no.2 s.13
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• pp.23-30
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• 2007

As elderly population has been increasing, our society has to be prepared the social system. Especially female elderly increasing means that market will change and business model should also change. Every women want to be beautiful and looks young and as women get aged, women eager to be younger and beautiful more. The purposes of this study were to find out how was represented in cosmetic market ad and how elderly customers has been changed. In developed society, baby boomer has been increased, and their power of purchase also has been increased in cosmetic market. In our society, cosmetic market has been developing as customer's demand and whitening focused cosmetics has been increasing especially. Elderly skin need more moisture focused cosmetics and for developing the elderly cosmetic market in Korea, we need more research about korean elderly women's social psychological character and customer's character.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.550-565
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• 2016

The size of Korean and global cosmetic industry market are consistently growing and the domestic cosmetic industry's rate of total production increase is higher than GDP in Korea. In addition, the Korean Wave has strengthened not only this phenomenon but also the increase of exports. For these reasons, the purpose of this paper is to analyze Korean cosmetic industry regarded as a new growth engine. For this study, Porter's Value Chain theory, Mudambi's Smile of Value Creation, Cosmetic GMP by ISO, and the production process on cosmetic industry are used as tools. As a result, Korean cosmetic industry comprises five nodes value chains: R&D, Raw Material Manufacture, Container Manufacture, Cosmetic Manufacture, and Marketing. And then, based on this result, the spatial analysis is conducted to identify spatial distribution characteristics of each node.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.620-633
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• 2019

The popularity of cosmetic procedures has increased over the past decade. Korean consumers have shown different levels of demand for the two types of cosmetic procedures (surgical and nonsurgical). This study examines the effect of appearance pressure from family, friends, and social media on the internalization and face/body satisfaction that can determine the levels of acceptance for each cosmetic procedure among young Korean females. Data was collected from 379 females in their 20s and 30s, using an online survey questionnaire. Statistical analysis were performed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS. The results indicated that only social media pressure significantly influenced young women's internalization of attractive appearance. Internalization was negatively associated with face and body satisfaction. Face satisfaction was negatively related to the acceptance of cosmetic surgical and nonsurgical procedures; however, body satisfaction was not related to the acceptance of cosmetic surgical and nonsurgical procedures. This study highlights the significant importance of social media and its powerful impact on developing young women's body image perceptions.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate cosmetic purchasing behaviors among female college students in Cheongju area. Three-hundred female college students who were attending universities in Cheongju area were selected. Questionnaire survey method and SPSS computer program were utilized. The findings of this study were as follow: First, 8.5% of monthly disposible money was spent for cosmetic and this amount of cosmetic expenditure was a little burden to female college students. Second, most female college students began to make up from freshmen or sophomore. And they were making up for self-satisfaction rather than showing off. Third, the purchasing behaviors of female college students were most affected by TV advertisements. Fourth, female college students thought that cosmetic is a necessity rather than luxury for them. And they were considering quality when they buy cosmetic first and price second. Fifth, female college students showed that rather low level of impulse purchasing behaviors.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.804-818
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of the information searches and purchasing behavior Korean men in their 20s and 30s, focusing on cosmetic involvement. Research methods consisted of qualitative and quantitative approaches. For the qualitative approach, in-depth interviews and participant observations were conducted to investigate male customers' cosmetic characteristics in information searches and purchasing behavior. Then, the study conducted a quantitative study methodology based on the questionnaires from the in-depth interviews, participant observations, and literature review. The study surveyed 340 Korean men in their 20s and 30s. The cosmetic involvement of the target group was classified into the amusing high-involvement group, the rational low-involvement group, and the obligatory high-involvement group. The results from this study indicated that the groups of male customers classified by cosmetic involvement showed statistically significant differences in terms of information searches and purchasing behaviors. Especially, the obligatory high-involvement group generally displayed high-involvement traits likewise the amusing high-involvement, was more similar to the rational low-involvement group regarding cost effectiveness than the obligatory high-involvement group. Moreover, the classifications of men generally had different characteristics of cosmetic purchasing behavior and information searches than women. This study has a distinctive significance compared with other studies in discovering differences of cosmetic purchasing behaviors of Korean men in their 20s and 30s' cosmetic involvement groups classified using qualitative and quantitative approaches.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.93-109
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• 2022

Cosmetics are products that consumers use every day to maintain or improve the health of their skin and hair. Therefore, the expansion of the cosmetics market leads to the expansion of disputes over cosmetic damage. Along with constant social changes, new conflicts continue to arise. In order to resolve these disputes, various consumer dispute resolution organizations and methods are required. Therefore, Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), an alternative method that can provide a reasonable judgment on problems that occur during the manufacture and distribution of cosmetics with expert knowledge of the industry, is required. Korea resolves disputes between consumers and manufacturers caused by cosmetics through the ADR of the Korea Cosmetics Association and the Korea Consumer Agency. It handles disputes related to accidents caused by cosmetics, offers consultation on consumer complaints on cosmetics and provides information on accidents and safety related to cosmetics. It is not possible to completely eradicate disputes from cosmetic damages. Therefore, it is necessary to expand and efficiently operate the cosmetic ADR system for consumers. In this study, the current status of cosmetic damage disputes and damage relief and the role of the domestic ADR system were reviewed. Consumers should be easily relieved from damage caused by cosmetics. By accumulating important precedents with an efficient cosmetic damage dispute resolution system, disputes over cosmetic damage should be smoothly resolved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.197-211
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• 2017

Modernization drastically changed the cosmetic culture of Korea and Japan. A classic case that shows this is the appearance of the term 'Hyangjang (香粧)'. This paper investigated the background to the formation of the term Hyangjang (香粧), and reviewed the aspects of cosmetic culture that changed with the emergence of Hyangjangpum (香粧品), or cosmetics containing perfume. The investigation revealed that the term Hyangjang (香粧) appeared for the first time in Hirano (1899), a literature published in the Meiji period in Japan, and that the new term Hyangjang (香粧) had been formed against the background of advanced Western synthetic perfume and played an important role in contemporary techniques for the manufacture of cosmetics. The term Hyangjang (香粧) and cosmetics containing perfume, or Hyangjangpum (香粧品) were then introduced from Japan to Korea. In Korea, the term 'Hyangjang (香粧)' appeared for the first time in an advertising copy written by Hyeon Hui-un, a pioneer of the Korean modern theater movement during the period of Japanese colonial rule. At that time, cosmetic companies in Korea and Japan were releasing cosmetic products that contained perfume that stimulated a women's desire to purchase them by emphasizing 'fragrance' in their advertising. Existing public tendencies to regard a fragrant smell from a made-up face as vulgar were changing and the public perception of fragrance were also changing. The appearance of Hyangjangpum (香粧品) indicates that the existing cosmetic culture revolving around visual sense changed into a complex cosmetic culture involving olfaction. This change in culture is significant in that it heralded the direction of future development towards cosmetic culture that uses increase combinations of different senses including touch, taste, and hearing.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.134-142
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• 2015

Esthetic dentistry has been developed through the diverse material and technique. Approach and interest in esthetic of anteriors was driven by needs and wants of patients. Alpha and omega of esthetics is determined by patients, as Charles Pincus who is the pioneer of esthetic dentistry described in his article 1967. To meet with wants and needs of patients, dentists suggest possible various treatment options. Cosmetic grinding quoted by Pincus is one of the conservative approaches and provide effective esthetic improvement with minimal invasive concepts. In a high technology era, cosmetic grinding needs to be revisited. Review of some clinical cases shows the value and limitation of it.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.7
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• pp.35-45
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• 2008

For the highly involved and emotional product, such as cosmetic product, the consumer focuses on the information about the symbolic meaning of a product. As a continuum, cosmetic advertising frequently requires a celebrity and/or cue since it provides identification between customer and cosmetic. Although many studies have examined the effectiveness of the congruence between brand image and self-image, there are little research regarding the congruence between advertising image and self image. The objective of this study is to examine the attitudinal effectiveness of the congruence between cosmetic advertising image and self-image. For the experiment, 2(ad type: rational vs emotional) factorial designs were performed. A total of 240 undergraduate female students participated in the experiment. The results of the study are as follows. First, the congruence had a significantly positive influence on advertising attitude, but not on brand attitude. Second, the type of cosmetic advertising caused differences in attitudinal persuasiveness affected by the congruence.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.529-544
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect and potential problem of before and after technique in cosmetic surgery advertisements. This study would draw the positive and negative aspects in executing before and after technique by segmenting the surgical part(eyes, nose, and breast). And this study compared before and after technique with after technique and doctor(expert) endorser. Independent variables of this study are advertisement technique(before and after/after/doctor) and the kind of surgery(double eyelid surgery/ rhinoplasty/mastoplasty). Dependent variables of this study are general attitude toward advertising, hospital believability, ethical judgement toward advertising, intention to cosmetic surgery. This study is run as $3{\times}3$factorial design with 30 subjects per cell, resulting in a total sample size of 270. The result of this study shows that advertising technique in cosmetic surgery advertisement important variable to mediate the effect. This study found that before and after technique was more effective than any other techniques. Also, this study found that the kind of surgery variable should be considered in the execution of cosmetic surgery advertisement. Therefore, the result suggests that the kind of surgery and advertisement technique should be spontaneously considered by cosmetic surgery clinic and advertising regulation organizations for the effective communication way and consumer protection.