• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.346-351
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• 2009

To investigate concentration and characteristics of dioxins in soil at Cheongju city, total 28 soil samples were collected. The total and I-TEQ concentration of 17 PCDDs/DFs ranged from 2.30 to 630.40 pg/g dry weight and from 0.002 to 9.79 pg I-TEQ/g dry weight with averages of 55.42 pg/g and 1.13 pg I-TEQ/g, respectively. These levels are very lower than those of around various incinerators in Korea (from n.d. to 153.23 with average value of 7.36 I-TEQ/g). The correlation between total concentration and TEQ concentration showed significant with 99% confidence interval (p-value < 0.001). The TEQ concentration as land use was high as follows; industrial area> green area> residential and commercial area> farm land. In terms of congener distribution, OCDD which is highly detected in general soil samples, was predominant and showed various fraction (from 23 to 100%). The ratios of PCDF concentration against to PCDD concentration varied as samples (from 0.1 to 2.4).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the approach characteristics, relation to other facilities, and current status focusing on 28 total of exhibition-culture facilities in Gangneung. The results are following as. First, 19 facilities are located in urban area and nine are located in country side. With locational characteristics of Gangneung which is mountains in west and sea to east, three are located in high hill side and four are in sea shore among nine facilities. Facilities in urban area converge to Gungpodae and Ojukhuk which are symbol space in Gangneung. Those facilities started to have been increased from 1990s and rapidly increased from 2000s. The reason is that people have been interested in culture and art in society in general. In building structure, buildings related with traditional contents were constructed with wooden structure while buildings have been mainly constructed with modern ways such as steel and reinforced concrete structure. Second, the 28 facilities are classified into three types by function of other space or facilities within same a site or a building. The three types are themselves usage only, multi-function, and park type. The multi-function type is re-classified into two; public type and commercial type. Those functions have changed according to changes of society and times. Finally, for approaching to the exhibition-culture facilities with general transportation, the mean distance from the closest bus stop to those facilities each is 280m and 27 facilities are located within 670m from the closest bus stop. For approaching way using by car creates movement along road-building site-parking space-main entrance of building. When based on main entrance by the movement, parking space located in front side of main entrance is the largest, next is in the side, and the least is in back side. Various factors such as approaching form from road to parking space and space size between main entrance and parking space influence to approaching ways of exhibition-culture facilities in Gangneung.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.6B
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• pp.559-567
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• 2009

Distributed Content Delivering Network (DCDN) will make use of the existing resources of the common Internet users in terms of storage space, bandwidth and Internet connectivity to create it. However DCDN has some limitations that are inefficient using of storage space, reliability and having special load balancing (LB) algorithm. So, this paper proposes Re-distribution based CDN (RDCDN) that overcomes the limitations of DCDN. RDCDN has the content re-distribution algorithm and separates surrogates to main surrogate and sub surrogates. Main surrogate can help service reliability be improved by storing all contents as back-up system. And content re-distribution algorithm also can help storage space be saved because all contents are not stored in every surrogate. Especially, when RDCwDN uses content re-distribution algorithm, it can work active load balancing function without extra LB algorithm like as DCDN. Results of simulation show that the proposed architecture can improve reliability and efficiency of storage space, and it also can offer the same performance as that of commercial CDN and DCDN.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.3 s.62
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• pp.10-20
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• 2007

The materials on the development of modern architecture in Korea are being collected and organized in a systemic fashion. However, this is not the case with the materials relative to interior design. They are gradually disappearing or being lost. In particular, no serious attempt has yet been made to determine the characteristics and historic value of the interior design of the modern bank buildings. The purpose of this study is to trace the disappearing legacy of the interior design of modern bank buildings by learning the inner space arrangements of these buildings and the characteristics of modern interior design in order to determine the historic significance of modern commercial interior design. Banks of relatively large scale were selected for the purpose of this study. They consisted of: Chosun Bank(1911) and its Andong, Wonsan and Cheongjin branches; Chosun Shiksan Banks and its Busan, Daegu and Pyongyang branches; the Busan branch of the 18 Bank; Dongil Bank, Chosun Savings Bank(1935) and their branches. The study focused on the space arrangements and design characteristics of these banks. Although they aimed at modernization in designingtheir interior spaces, the modern bank buildings were not representative of any particular style of interior design. While western style designs were prevalent, eclectic designs incorporating many different styles existed. The characteristics of the interior design of banks of the time included installation of such decorations and use of high quality construction materials for interior and exterior expressing the wealth as to create an aura of credibility for the banks, while the floor arrangements were relatively stereotyped and simplified.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to construct an evaluation criteria based on the relative importance and various combinations of each evaluation index and then to appraise urban biotope in terms of nature experience and recreation. After the standard of evaluation had been developed through the review of existing literature, the relative importance of the evaluation index through expert survey was determined, and the evaluation model to assess biotope value was established. The results of this study are as follows; 1) We have constructed the seventeen evaluation criteria through literature reviews, and have provided relative importance to each evaluation index of the natural in biotope, the diversity of landscape patterns, the appearance-existence of water space, the special landscape elements, and the access based on the results of expert survey. and then we have constructed an evaluation system using the relative importance criteria. 2) To evaluate urban biotope using the evaluation system constructed, we selected 14 sites. The final evaluation results of each site is as follows; The first grade areas are the water space with semi-natural style in front of Gangchon Woobang apartments, the forest zone near Page Temple at Mt. Palgong, the edge area of Jisan and Gosan and the tendril yard against Anshim middle school. The second grade areas are Hyomyung elementary school, the farm land behind the third Anshim Jugong apartment, Ehyun put and the swampy land in front of the Kangchon and Anshim construction site. The third grade areas are Seohan and Hwasung high-rise apartments at Beummul-Dong, the Korea Manpower Agency in the Sungseo industrial zone, and the adjacent area of St. Tongil. The only fourth grade area is the commercial zone near Taegu Department Store. 3) It is highly useful to evaluate urban biotope using the evaluation criteria constructed for this research, the evaluation criteria we developed may be difficult to encompass all expert opinion and the period of space-formation is difficult to estimate urban biotopes. In the future, it is necessary to gather the basic data suitable to estimate biotope and it is necessary to develop detailed evaluation criteria applicable to estimate every biotope that has specific property.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.552-557
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• 2014

The objective of the This study is to access the speed performance employing the sea trial test and CFD with the our own designed and manufactured one-man boat. The overall design process including hull form design was explained. The sea trial was carried out with a manufactured boat in the clam sea. Brake power at the design speed of a boat through the sea trial was measured as 1680 W. The flow computation was conducted considering free surface and dynamic trim using a commercial CFD code(STAR-CCM+). The result of computation provided the information that residual resistance is bigger than fraction's at design speed. The total efficiency were predicted based on the sea trial and CFD. The Total efficiency was divided into shaft efficiency and quasi-propulsive efficiency. By using quasi-propulsive efficiency, it becomes possible to predict speed performance of boat in future. The results can provide information regarding hull form design, performance analysis and development of a boat in future.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.63-71
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• 2003

According to the recent report, the lighting energy consumption of commercial buildings reaches to $30%\sim40%$ of the total energy consumption. It is more than that of cooling & heating energy consumption and it is the major target of energy-saving policy. It is obvious that they are interested in natural lighting device such as Light-shelf for the purpose of raising the lighting energy-saving efficiency. In most of highly developed countries, a thorough study on Light-shelf makes it possible to propose a practical plan while at home there leaves much to be desired to study a guiding principle of optimum plan in spite of its efficiency based on experiments using scale4 model and analysis of simulation. Aiming at making an optimum plan of Light-shelf suitable for the domestic situation, this study is worked by experiments using light-shelf and analysis of variables using illumination program. The experiments is to analyse the efficiency of Light-shelf on condition of the sky and the analysis is to make the simulation using illumination program. This study is composed of 1) the analysis of light with some variables such as presence of light-shelf and degree of angle using 1/2 scaled model 2) making the simulation using Lightscape, illumination program, In brief, concerning presence of light-shelf, it causes little difference in its efficiency in the overcast sky, whereas it decreases an illuminance of window side and provides inner side with the light, which decreases the ratio of the maximum to the minimum inner illuminance and makes the inner of illuminance to range evenly in the clear sky. On degree of angle, as the daylight increases in proportion of degree of angle, the ratio of the maximum to the minimum inner illuminance decreases, which makes it possible to increase the proportion of inner daylight.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.100-112
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to construct the evaluation criteria based on the relative importance and various combination of each evaluation index and then to evaluate urban biotope in terms of conservation of species and habitat. After the standard of evaluation had been developed through the literature review, the relative importance of the evaluation index through expert survey was found out, and the evaluation model of biotope value has been established. The results of this study are as follows; 1) We have constructed the nineteen evaluation criteria through literature reviews, and have provided relative importance to each evaluation index of the diversity of typical species in biotope, afforestation rate, stratification, Hemeroby grads, and the diversity of landscape patterns based on the results of expert survey. and then we have constructed the evaluation system using the relative importance criteria. 2) To evluate urban biotope using the evaluation system constructed, we selected 14 sites. The final evaluation results of each site is as follows; The III grade areas are Seohan and Hwasung high-rise apartment at Beummul-Dong, Korea Men Power /Agency in Sungs 대 industrial zone, the adjacent area of St. Tongil, and Hyomyung elementary school. The II grade areas are the farm land behind the third Anshim Jugong apartment, and Ehyun park. The I grade areas are swampy land in front of Kangchon and Anshim construction site, water space with semi-natural style in front of Gangchon Woobang apartment, forest zone near page Temple at mt. Palgong, the edge area of Jisan and Gosan, and the tendril yard against Anshim middle school. The only grade IV area is the commercial zone near Taegu Department 3) It is highly useful to evaluate urban biotope using the evaluation criteria constructed for this research, the evaluation criteria we developed may be difficult to guarantee the ability for reproduction and recovery, the appearance-number of the rare and endangered species are difficult to estimate urban biotopes. In the future, it is highly useful to evaluate biotope in terms of conservation of species and habitat through its valuation criteria developed in this research and it is necessary to develop the evaluation criteria applicable to estimation of biotope inventory and reproduction of biotope.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.176-182
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• 2001

The case for study in this paper is the Main Plan and Management for the Fukutoshin; the restructure of Nishi Shinjuku, This plan was first outlines in 1960, and includes a vast area of 96 ha for redevelopment. It aims to create a totally new center in the city. This was the first case in Japan, and in the world of a plan of these magnitudes. involving urban landscape restructuring from three points: Landscape (open spaces for public use: the Shinjuku Central Park and the surrounding area of the buildings), transport and commercial building developments. The Landscape plan for the green areas was decided in a way to compensate the population of the area and the visitors. As a rule, high-rise building constructions are placed each one in single lots and are surrounded by open spaces and greenery. Pedestrain areas are widened and also connected by bridges in a way to allow free circulation, and interconnection between the constructions and the green areas. Another important factor is the role that Private Corporation, and public interest plays. Joining these two forces has allowed the concretization of this project. This interpolation between public and private roles was an innovation in Japan, and it also the key for the concretion of the project. The historical review of the process and management of this project help us to put into perspective the introduction of new concepts and ideas, which were not related at that time to traditional Japanese Landscaping. Furthermore we are better able to understand the substantial increase in the percentage of land dedicated to green areas in contrast to the typical standards of Japanese cities.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.10
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• pp.1190-1196
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• 2016

In this paper, a cross-layer interworking scheme for different protocols is proposed to provide an efficient internet services in very small aperture terminal (VSAT) based satellite communication systems. In addition, we implement the proposed interworking model and prove the feasibility of the proposed system. VSAT based satellite communication systems commonly use digital video broadcasting (DVB)-S2 standard. Unfortunately, DVB-S2 has inefficient parts to support IP based internet services because it has originally been designed to support broadcasting services. Generic stream encapsulation (GSE) protocol, which is a layer 2 protocol, has been proposed to mitigate this inefficiency. We propose a cross-layer interworking scheme to cooperate efficiently between IP and GSE protocols and between GSE protocol and DVB-S2, respectively. In addtion, we implement the proposed interworking schemes via computer softwares and prove the feasibility using NI-USRP and commercial DVB receiver.