• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.69-96
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the awareness and practice level of health food intake and use the information for the development of Public Health Policy and Health Education Program in order to help healthy dietary life. The interview was done by trained surveyors on 1, 143 city dwellers who were selected randomly from Oct. 2, to Oct. 21, 1992. The results are summarized as follows: 1) General characteristics of subjects; Among 1, 143 respondents, there were more female(53.8%) than males(46.2%) and the age group of 20-29 account for the hightest portion, 46.7%. As for the education levels, 45.3% of the subjects were college graduates. And 38.9% of the subjects were students. 2) The percentage of subjects who assess themselves ‘Healthy’ was 46.7% and ‘Not Healthy’ was 17.4%. 3) The subjects who have irregular meals(3 times a day) was 48.7%, the rate of females was higher than males. The proportion of unmarried subjects, people with low economic level, high education level, and students was high. 4) As for the amount of 1 meal, 72.4% was ‘moderate’, 16.3% was ‘too much’ amount, which was higher in 19 years old, single, low economic level, elementary school graduate, than other groups. 5) As for the eating speed, 40.2% was fast, which was higher in single(44.3%), in low economic level(50.0%). college graduate(44.9%), student(44.7%) than other groups. 6) As for the level of preference to hot and salty food, 25.7% preferred to have hot and salty food. The difference in the degree of preference to hot and salty food by age and economic level was significant. 7) With regard to the individual food taste, the subjects who prefer to meat and fried food were 12.3%. Which was higher in the group under 19 years old, single, and college graduates. 8) With regard to having a snack, 38.7% have a snack. By characteristics, the subjects who have a snack were higher in female, under 19 years old, single, high economic level, apartment dwellers, college graduate, and student than other groups. 9) As for the coffee intake amount per day, 39.8% of subjects was more than 3 cups daily. 10) With regard to the self-assessment of body weight, the subjects who assess themselves over body weight had late dinner time. 11) As for the correlation among related variables, the age and taking breakfast was positive correlation. And sex and drinking alcohol was positively associated while age had negative correlation.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

도시지역의 방사능 오염으로 거주민의 피폭영향을 평가할 수 있는 모델 METRO-K를 개발하였다. 모델의 특성으로 1) 실험 또는 경험자료를 사용하기 때문에 수학식이 간단하여 이해가 쉬울 뿐 아니라 계산에 필요한 변수의 수가 적으며 2) 도시환경을 구성하는 5가지 기본표면 만을 사용하여 복잡하고 다양한 주변 환경을 쉽게 구성할 수 있으며 3) 각기 다른 오염 표면으로 인한 선량을 평가함으로써 표면마다 적합한 제염대책을 수립하는데 용이하다. 피폭자의 특정 위치에서 각기 다른 오염표면으로부터 받게 되는 선량은 감마에너지와 오염 표면별 공기커마 값을 데이터 라이브러리로 만들어 평가에 이용하였다. 유럽 도시지 역의 4가지 대표적 거주형태 에 대한 공기커마 값을 사용하여 우리나라 도시지역의 7가지 대표적 주거형태에 적합하도록 공기커마 값을 조합하여 적용하였다. 장기간 방사성물질의 누설을 고려하여 하루 단위의 핵종별 공기중 농도, 강우량, 핵종의 화학적 형태 구성분율이 입력되면 침적 후 시간에 따른 각기 다른 표면에서의 공기중 흡수선량률과 피폭자의 거주 위치에 따른 인체 선량률이 평가된다. 아파트 밀집지역에 대한 가상 오염 시나리오의 적용결과 피폭자의 거주위치 뿐 아니라 피폭자가 거주하는 주변 환경에 따라 인체 선량률은 확연한 차이를 나타냈다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.103-122
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate what owners think of their housing and their community by scrutinizing households, thereby leading to a conclusion of how these communities have developed and the advantages they provide to their owners. This study was conducted by thoroughly interviewing one member from each of a total of 10 households living in apartments and villas in the Gangnamgu area of Seoul between August 5, 2008, and September 25, 2008. The results can be summarized as follows: First, all interviewees were female, within the range of 40 years to 50 years of age, and with high educational backgrounds. They were living in mid-level income or higher households but were characterized by frugal attitudes. Second, their households held a personal and familial meaning to them, one of providing replenishment, rest, and a place to share diverse feelings with their family. Certain factors such as being a convenient place for education, rising housing prices, a large area of greenery made possible by Yangjae Cheon, and so forth contributed to giving a special significance to their housings. The interviewees all thought the convenience of education and the rising housing prices in the Gangnam area were the most important factors. Third, the interviewees indicated the following sociocultural perspectives of Gangnam housings: They provide a good environment for education due to the densely clustered academies in the Daechi-dong area. There are many opportunities to meet neighbors with similar educational and economic backgrounds. There are vast areas of greenery such as Yangjae Cheon. There is access to highly advanced cultural and shopping facilities such as COEX, Seoul Arts Center, etc. There are no amusement centers located near the housing districts. There are convenient transportation methods and facilities. They are subject to jealous looks from people living outside the Gangnam area. Lastly, it seems that no significant community spirit exists among the dwellers of each apartment or villa. However, matters of self-interest such as construction problems, which contribute greatly to creating personal wealth, were exceptions when the dwellers united as a single household.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.133-148
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• 2002

Objective : This study was to investigate more effective oriental medical treatment for Pediatric Bronchial Asthma Method : Aroma therapy and Herbal medicine was given to 28 pediatric bronchial asthma patients(19 males and 9 females) for about 5months from the First, August 1999 The Fifth, January 2002. Results: 1. Demographic factor : The sample consisted of 28 persons among whom 19 were male, 9 were female. The age ranges from 1 year old to 6 year old. Less than 2 year old were 4 and 2-6 year old were 20. 2.Residence : Apartment and villar dwellers were 19(67.9%), Residential street divellers were 9(32.1%). 3.Age distribution at on set : 6(21.4%) fell ill befor 1 year old and 22(78.6%) fell ill after 1 year old 4. The period of illness : 9(32.2%) suffered during 1-3 year and 6(21.4%) suffered during 6 mouth-1year and 6(21.4%) suffered during more than 3 year. 5. Frequency of the symptoms : The symptoms appeared 2-3 times a year in the case of 16(57.2%), one time a year in the case of 1, 4 times a year in the case of 6(21.4%). 6. Concomitance symptoms : All experienced coughing sign, wheezing, 23(82.1%) experienced epistaxis, nose dripping, 13(46.4%) got fever, anorexia. 7. Past history of illness : 16(57.1%) got brochiolitis, brochitis, 12(42.9%) suffered pneumonia, 9(32.1%) had allergic rhinitis. 2 had allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, 3 got atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma and 7 had allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchial asthma, 8. Family disease : In the case of family disease, 21(75%) had allergic dermatitis, 9(42.9%) had bronchial asthma, 8(38.1%) had allergic dermatitis. 9. The symptoms became very severe in the change of season in the case of 13(46.4%) and in the case of 11(39.3%), the change of season made no difference 10. Associated caused of induction symtoms : 28(100%) got sick by common cold, infectional disease, 8(28.6%) got sick by cold food, cold air 11.The kind of therapy : 15(53.6%) got oriental therapy after occidental therapy, 11(39.3%) took only oriental therapy. 12. Improvement degree of each symptoms : In the case of cough and wheeze that are the main symptoms of bronchial asthma, 78.6% and 64.3% of the patients replied < improvement > and in the case of dyspnea, tachypnea 41.7% of the patients replied . In other symptoms, all replied 13. Degree of satisfaction : 19(67.9%) replied , 2(7.1%) replied . Conclusion : Herbal medicine and aroma therapy proved to be a very effective oriental medical treatment for pediatric bronchial asthma.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.145-161
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• 1998

This correlational study sought to find the relationship among women's health status and the level of importance & performance of postpartal care. One hundred thirty three women who live in Seoul and rural area including hospitalized in a general hospital and midwifery clinic were studied from 1st April, 1998 to 25th April, 1998 for 25 days. Data analysis consisted of frequency, percentage, Pearson Correlation Coefficiency, t-test, ANOVA and Sheffe test as a post hoc, using SPSS. The results of analysis were as follows ; mean age of respondents was 31.9 years and mean number of children was 1.8. The most of family type was nuclear family and lived int apartment. Mean frequency of pregnancy was 2.7 times and most women delivered at local clinic, general or University hospital. Mean period of after delivery was 53.7 month. The level of importance and performance of traditional postpartal care (Sanhujori) was more higher than hospital postpartal care. The level of importance, performance of postpartum care and health status had significant relationship. The higher level of importance was, & the higher level of performance was higher, and the higher degree of health status. The factors related to health status were postabortal sahujori period after abortion, nuclear family, the evaluation of sahujori, whether women and followed the caregiver's advice well or not and whether they have physical symptoms or not, at the level of $5{\sim}0.1%$ of significance statistically. The factors related to the level of importance of postpartal care were the number of child, present health status and health status of pre-post of delivery, deliver place and the opinion of effective postpartum care method at the level of $5{\sim}0.1%$ of significance statistically. The factors related to the level of performance of postpartal care were delivery place, the opinion of whether they can do at the hospital or not and whether they have physical symptom or not at the level of $1{\sim}0.1%$ of significance statistically. In conclusion, this finding reconfirmed the relationship among women's health status and the postpartal care. It provides a challenge to the health professional caregivers to research continually and repeatedly and confirm the conceptual model of Sanhujori, reestablish effective and integrative postpartal caring system which contains oriental and western paradigm for women's life long health toward the 21C.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to promote the utilization of wind velocity of kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts for wind power generation in high-rise apartments. The research content can be summarized as follows: 1) Nine high-rise apartments were examined for the installation of kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts located in the pipe shaft (PS) section. After selecting simulation candidates, a simulation was performed with the STAR-CCM+ Ver 5.06 program. 2) Of nine high-rise apartments, seven had kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts, whose cross section was in the range of $0.16m^2{\sim}0.4m^2$. The area ratio between the exhaust ducts and PS section (cross section of exhaust duct/area of PS section ${\times}$ 100) was on average 3.2%. 3) The simulation results were analyzed. As a result, the smaller cross section kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts had, the more advantages there were for increasing exhaust wind velocity. If an out air inlet duct is installed to the old kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts, it will increase exhaust wind velocity by 3.01~3.98m/s and contribute to the proper wind velocity level (3.0m/s). 4) When the simultaneous usage rate between the kitchen and bathroom exhaust fan increased from 20% to 60%, exhaust wind velocity increased. The "entire house holds" condition for exhaust fan operation provided more even exhaust wind velocity than the "some house holds" condition. 5) Exhaust wind velocity increased in the order of amplified (T-3), induced (T-2) and vertical (T-1) top of kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts. Of them, the amplified type (T-3) was under the least influence of external wind velocity and thus the most proper for kitchen and bathroom exhaust duct tops.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.253-258
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• 1998

개발이 허용된 지역이라도 개발로 인해 발생되는 기존의 환경파괴에 대해 외국의 경우 보상계획을 통한 개발 계획을 수립하는 것이 보통이다. 그러나 국내의 경우 개발지역내의 환경계획은 주로 개발용도에 따른 법적 테두리안에서 녹지면적을 채우는 것으로 일관하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대학 프로젝트의 한 사례를 중심으로 대상지의 환경을 Hemeroby등급을 이용하여 평가하고 파괴에 따른 보상계획을 제시하였다. 대상지는 수원시 권선구 금곡동에 계획된 대단위 아파트단지 개발지구이다. 우선적으로 개발전의 대상지를 Hemeroby등급으로 평가한 후 아파트단지 개발안, 즉 LG빌리지안을 Hemeroby등급으로 비교평가하여 LG빌리지안에서 보상되지 않은 기존 환경 파괴에 따른 보상안을 양적인 측면에서 산출하였다. 산출근거는 개발전의 대상지는 $\beta$-/$\alpha$-euhemeroby가 전체의 80.1%였는데 LG개발안은 $\beta$-/$\alpha$-euhemeroby가 43.7%로 낮아지면서 meta-hemeroby가 개발전 17%에서 56.3%로 증가하였으므로 보상안은 LG개발안의 건축물을 수용하되, $\beta$-/$\alpha$-euhemeroby비율을 올릴 수 있는 보상계획, 즉 하천복원, 지상주차장의 녹화, 옥상녹화 및 절토면의 녹화 등을 제안하였다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 사용단계와 재활용단계에서 다양한 노출조건을 갖는 전단벽시스템의 아파트와 라멘시스템의 사무소 건축물에서 콘크리트 탄산화에 의한 $CO_2$ 포집량 평가에 대한 사례연구를 수행하였다. 콘크리트 탄산화에 의한 $CO_2$ 포집평가는 Yang 등에 의해 제시된 절차를 따랐다. 사례연구에서 필요한 입력정보들(기후환경, $CO_2$ 농도, 생애주기 원단위 데이터베이스, 구조물 기대수명 및 재활용 시나리오)은 2012년 한국의 실제 측정값을 이용하였다. 콘크리트 생산단계에서 배출되는 $CO_2$양과의 비교로부터 구조물의 내구년한 동안 $CO_2$ 포집량은 배출양의 5.5~5.7%로, 재활용기간 동안 $CO_2$ 포집량은 배출양의 10.5~12%로 평가되었다. 결국, 콘크리트 탄산화에 의한 $CO_2$ 포집량은 콘크리트 생산에 의한 $CO_2$ 배출양의 15.5~17%수준으로서, 이는 재료단계의 시멘트로부터 배출되는 $CO_2$ 배출양의 약 18~21%수준이다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 주차의 긍정적 역할과 부정적인 측면에 관한 문제의식을 가지고 우리나에서는 처음으로 제주시에서 시행하고 있는 차고지증명제를 소개하며, 차고지증명제를 활성화시키기 위한 방법을 주민의 의견을 들어 제안하고자 하는 것에 목적이 있다. 차고지증명제(Levying Garage Option on Car Buyers)란 자동차소유자가 자기차고를 원천적으로 확보하도록 하여 특히 야간 이면도로의 주차무질서를 바로잡고, 각종 불법 주정차의 문제를 해결하며, 도로의 미관을 개선하고 도로의 원래 기능을 주민에게 돌려주기 위하여 차고시설 설치에 관련된 법률을 일반 모든 차량에 적용하도록 하려는 제도라 할 수 있다. 제주시에서는 전국 최초로 자가용자동차에 대하여 차고지증명제를 도입하게 되었다. 설문조사 결과 차고지증명제가 성공하려면 구 도심지 주택밀집지역에서는 별도의 해결책이 있어야 한다는 의견이 가장 많았다. 그리고 차고지 증명제 찬반에 따른 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 차고지증명제에 찬성을 많이 유도하고 성공을 구하려면 차고와 거리완화, 단속강화, 공동주택에서의 대책마련에 특히 관심을 가져야 할 것임을 알 수 있다. 그리고 정책제언을 다음과 같이 정리하였다. 첫째, 차고지와의 거리를 차츰 완화하는 정책을 펴야 한다. 둘째, 차고지증명제를 이행하는 세대에게는 저리융자로 사유주차장을 만들도록 유도하거나 세금의 감면 혹은 면세 등의 인센티브를 줄 필요가 있다. 셋째, 담장허물기 사업과 연계할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 제주시 동지역 이외에 다른 지역과의 형평성을 고려해야 하고, 차량에 대해서도 형평성을 고려해야 한다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2016

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the assessment of exposure to welding fume and heavy metals among construction welders. Methods: Activity-specific personal air samplings(n=206) were carried out at construction sites of three apartment, two office buildings, and two plant buildings using PVC(poly vinyl chloride) filters with personal air samplers. The concentration of fumes and heavy metals were evaluated for five different types of construction welding jobs: general building pipefitter, chemical plant pipefitter, boiler maker, ironworker, metal finishing welder. Results: The concentration of welding fumes was highest among general building pipefitters($4.753mg/m^3$) followed by ironworkers($3.765mg/m^3$), boilermakers($1.384mg/m^3$), metal finishing welders($0.783mg/m^3$), chemical pipefitters($0.710mg/m^3$). Among the different types of welding methods, the concentration of welding fumes was highest with the $CO_2$ welding method($2.08mg/m^3$) followed by SMAW(shield metal arc welding, $1.54mg/m^3$) and TIG(tungsten inert gas, $0.70mg/m^3$). Among the different types of workplace, the concentration of welding fumes was highest in underground workplaces($1.97mg/m^3$) followed by outdoor($0.93mg/m^3$) and indoor(wall opening as $0.87mg/m^3$). Specifically comparing the workplaces of general building welders, the concentration of welding fumes was highest in underground workplaces($7.75mg/m^3$) followed by indoor(wall opening as $2.15mg/m^3$). Conclusions: It was found that construction welders experience a risk of expose to welding hazards at a level exceeding the exposure limits. In particular, for high-risk welding jobs such as general building pipefitters and ironworkers, underground welding work and $CO_2$ welding operations require special occupational health management regarding the use of air supply and exhaust equipment and special safety and health education and fume mask are necessary. In addition, there is a need to establish construction work monitoring systems, health planning and management practices.