• 한국연초학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 1998

Pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fly ash on growth responses and on accumulation of the heavy metals in soil. Two kinds of fly ash, anthracite and bituminous coal, were treated with different levels of 0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 kg/pot(20L). Tobacco growth was better by application of fly ash than that by the control. However, the early stage of growth by application of bituminous coal, 1.2 kg/pot, was decreased due to the boron toxicity occurred by fly ash. Generally, tobacco yield was significantly increased with applying fly ash, showing the highest yield at 1.2 kg/pot for anthracite and at 0.8 kg/pot for bituminous coal. The content of total nitrogen in leaves was higher with fly ash than that of the control, while the content of calcium in leaves was low, Contents of heavy metal and the other minerals were not significantly different between the control and the treatment of fly ash. Soil pH after experiment was linearly increased with application level of fly ash, indicating that the application of bituminous coal was more effective than that of anthracite. Contents of available phosphate, exchangeable $Ca^{2+}$+ and $Mg^{2+}$ in soil were increased by application of fly ash, especially with bituminous coal. Contents of Cu, Cr, and Ni were increased with application level of bituminous coati even if the contents were still lower than critical levels for farming land. The other heavy metals were similar between the control and the application of fly ash.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2016

In this study, ash free coals(AFCs) were produced with lignite and anthracite coals in a microwave. The AFCs were analyzed with proximate analysis, fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The extraction yields of the AFCs were 16.4 wt%, 7.6 wt% at lignite and anthracite coal, respectively. The chemical and physical properties of the AFCs were similar regardless of the original coal types. Oxidation behavior of the AFCs was investigated by supplying a mixture of 3g of AFC and 3g of electrolyte into the coin-type molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC). For the evaluation of AFC fuel performance, electrochemical analysis of the steady-state polarization and step-chronopotentiometry were conducted based on the standard hydrogen fuel (69 mol% $H_2$, 17 mol% $CO_2$, 14 mol% $H_2O$). The AFCs showed similar electrochemical oxidation behaviors regardless of the original coal types. The overvoltage of the AFCs was larger than the hydrogen fuel, although OCV of the AFCs was higher.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2015

This objectives of research are to figure out combustion characteristics with increasing temperature with petrochemical sludge by adding wasted organic matters which are waste electric wire, anthracite coal and sawdust, and to exam heating value and ignition temperature for using refused derived fuels(RDFs). After analyzing TGA/DTG, petrochemical sludge shows a rapid weight reduction by vaporing of inner moisture after $170^{\circ}C$. Gross weight reduction rate, ignition temperature and combustion rates represent 68.6%, $221.9^{\circ}C$ and 54.1%, respectively. In order to assess the validity of the RDFs, the petrochemical sludge by adding wasted organic matters which are waste electric wire, anthracite coal and waste sawdust. The materials are mixed with 7:3(petrochemical sludge : organic matters)(wt%), and it analyzes after below 10% of moisture content. The ignition temperatures and combustion rates of the waste electric wire, anthracite coal and waste sawdust are $410.6^{\circ}C$, $596.1^{\circ}C$ and $284.1^{\circ}C$, and 85.6%, 30.7% and 88.8% respectively. In heating values, petrochemical sludge is 3,600 kcal/kg. And the heating values of mixed sludge (adding 30% of the waste electric wire, anthracite coal and waste sawdust) each increase up to 4,600 kcal/kg, 4,100 kcal/kg and 4,300 kcal/kg. It improves the ignition temperatures and combustion rates by mixing petrochemical sludge and organic matters. It is considered that the production of RDFs is sufficiently possible by using of petrochemical sludge by mixing wasted organic matters.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.218-224
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 석탄계, 야자계, 목탄계 활성탄과 흡착능이 없는 안트라사이트를 이용하여 클로랄하이드레이트에 대한 흡착 및 생물분해 특성을 평가하였다. 활성탄 공정에서 클로랄하이드레이트의 제거기작은 운전초기에는 흡착이 높은 비중을 차지하나 부착미생물의 활성이 증진되면서 부착미생물에 의한 생분해와 흡착에 의해 제거되었으며, 클로랄하이드레이트는 생분해능이 큰 물질들로 조사되었다. 입상활성탄 재질별 클로랄하이드레이트의 제거 특성은 석탄계와 야자계 활성탄에서 제거율이 높았고, 목탄계는 상대적으로 낮은 제거능을 보였으며, 안트라사이트 biofilter에서 가장 낮은 제거능을 보였다. 활성탄 재질별 부착 미생물의 생체량과 활성도는 석탄계가 가장 높았고, 야자계, 목탄계, 안트라사이트 순으로 나타났으며, 수온 변화에 따른 클로랄하이드레이트의 제거 특성은 수온이 10$^{\circ}C$ 이하로 저하될 경우 부착 bacteria의 생체량과 활성도 감소로 제거율이 감소하였다. 안트라사이트를 이용한 생물여과 공정은 수온의 변화에 아주 민감하게 변하는 양상을 나타내었으며, 이는 부착 bacteria에 의한 직접적인 생물분해가 주 제거 메카니즘이기 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 클로랄하이드레이트의 제거시 유입농도가 높은 경우에는 수온의 영향이 매우 중요하며, 흡착능이 소진된 활성탄이나 흡착능이 없는 여재를 사용한 생물여과 공정에서는 수온이 낮은 동절기에는 클로랄하이드레이트의 유출 가능성이 있었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.400-407
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• 2019

순산소 순환유동층 연소기술은 기후변화 및 연료 수급 문제들을 해결할 수 있는 기술로 주목 받고 있다. 순산소 순환유동층 연소기술은 배기가스재순환 공정을 통해 이산화탄소를 비교적 쉽게 포집할 수 있으며 대기오염물질 배출도 줄일 수 있는 친환경 연소기술이다. 새롭게 개발된 $100kW_{th}$ 급 순산소 순환유동층 연소 시스템은 연료다변화에 대응하기 위해 다양한 연료들의 순산소연소 특성을 분석하고 있으며, 본 연구에서는 높은 고정탄소 및 회분함량으로 인해 연소성이 낮은 연료로 알려진 무연탄을 활용하여 높은 이산화탄소를 생산하고 연소효율을 향상시키고자 하였다. 그 결과로서, 무연탄 순산소 연소는 아역청탄 공기연소 대비, 연소효율이 2% 향상되었으며 대기오염물질인 $SO_2$, CO, NO은 각각 15%, 60%, 99% 감소하였다. 또한, 안정적인 순산소순환유동층 연소를 통해 배기가스 내 94 vol.% 이상의 $CO_2$ 가 포집될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.93-96
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• 1977

• 공업화학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.543-547
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• 1999

본 연구는 현재 폐기되고 있는 미연탄소분을 많이 함유한 비산회재를 이용하여 흡착제를 제조하고자 하였으며, 제조된 흡착제에 대한 중금속 제거 실험을 통하여 중금속을 함유한 폐수처리기의 적용가능성을 알아보았다. 비산회재에 장성탄의 혼합비율을 달리하여 세 종류의 펠릿을 제조하였으며, 장성탄의 혼합비율이 증가함에 따라 펠릿의 고정탄소함유량이 증가하였다. 이를 이용하여 탄화와 활성화를 거처 85~96%의 경도와 100~300 mg/g의 요오드 흡착량을 갖는 흡착제를 제조하였으며, 장성탄 혼합비율이 증가할수록 경도 및 요오드 흡착량이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 중금속의 제거실험에서 제조된 흡착제에 대한 Pb와 Cr의 제거율이 90% 이상을 나타내었으며, 비산회재의 겨우 Pb 31.5%, Cr 5.6%의 낮은 제거율을 보였다. 이는 활성과정동안 비산회재에 함유된 미연탄소분과 $SiO_2$에 의하여 흡착성능이 증가되었기 때문이다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.113-121
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• 1999

Coal is both source rock and reservoir rock for the coalbed gas. Coalbed gas. Coalbed gas is predominantly methane and has a heating value of approximatly 1000 BTU/$ft^3$. Most of methane is stored in the coal as a monomolecular layer adsorbed on the internal surface of the coal matrix. The amount of methane stored in coal is related to the rank and the depth of the coal. THe higher the coal rank and the deeper the coal seam is presently buried, the greater its capacity to hold gas. Most of Korean Coal is anthracite or metaanthracite, Ro. 3.5~5.5%, and total reserves are 1.6 billion metric tons. The domestic demand for coal was drastically decreased and the rationalization policy carried out from 1987 on coal industry. Now that a large number of coal mines was closed only a few mines continued to produce not more than 5 million tons for year. It is therefore recommended to formulate a strategy to explore and exploit the resources of coalbed methane in Korea.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.84-92
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• 1999

The effects of air velocity and excess air on combustion characteristics were studied in a fluidized bed combustor. The domestic low-grade anthracite coal with heating value of 2010 kcal/kg and the imported bituminous coal from Australia with heating value of 6520 kcal/kg were used as coal samples. The combustion characteristics of mixed fuels in a fluidized bed combustor could be interpreted by pressure fluctuation properties, ash distribution and gas emission. The properties of the pressure fluctuations, such as the standard deviation, cross-correlation function, dominant frequency and the power spectral density function, were obtained from the statistical analysis. From this study, the combustion region increased with increasing air velocity but decreased with excess air due to combustion characteristics of anthracite and bituminous coal.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.149-156
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• 1978

The utilization of waste and industrial byproduct materials, such as blast furnace slag, shales, poor coal and anthracite briquet ash, were investigated as a source of calcareous or argillaceous material in the manufacture of Portland cement. As a slag is similar to cement in chemical compoment and contains about 40∼50% of CaO, it's utilization in cement manufacture should be suitable. The burnability was increased and the heat of clinker formation was decreased by using slag. Some consideration should betaken in the use of large quantity because of sticking in suspension preheater kiln. Suitable quantities of colliery shales and poor coal should be useable in cement manufacture as a argillaceous materials and also its combustible materials should be utilized in cement manufacture. Anthracite briquet ash is also usable as a argillaceous source and it gives good burnability.