• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.6
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• pp.221-250
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• 2002

After MIPA of Annecy International Animation Festival in 1997, the North Korean animation has been spot-lighted in the world including the south Korean animation companies. And increasing the economic cooperation between South and North Korea, a few case of intra-Korean cooperation for animation is starting practice now. But in the internal situation there is little short of information and data about North Korean Animation. Therefore this study will be intended to examine the past and present of the North Korean animation, to present the possibility of inter-Korean cooperation project etc.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.6
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• pp.72-90
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• 2002

The nature of animation is to create a moving image. Also, it creates a narrative space and visual image which is different form a reality. Therefore, image expression is very important in the animation. Although the domestic animation has a movement, it has not an image which has meaning. For instance, Korean fiction animation ${\ulcorner}$My beautiful girl, Mary${\lrcorner}$ has grand prize in Anncy International Animated Film Festival, 2002. Such achievement give new vision and present a clue of development to our national animation. However, not many people went to the cinema to watch it. The reason is that although 'Mary' has the Fantastic image, she doesn't show a true life image. The film is revival of reality through the image. However, animation is revival of reality through the 'transformation' of the existing image. Therefore, reviving exactly the same as a reality is not the most important fact in the animation image. Preferably, the most important fact in the animation image is that reviving reality into highly wrought image. This paper will study an expression form of animation trough the image. This paper will study an expression form of animation trough the image. Especially, it will concentrate on poetic image. For this, It will associate 'poetic' in literature with 'poetic image' in animation. For this, It will associate 'poetic' in literature with 'poetic image' in animation. Also, a variety poetic animation image will be divided into 1)mongtage 2)rhythm 3) compression 4)metaphor & symbol, and will be looked 'poetic image' effect.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.48
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• pp.1-22
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• 2017

Independent short animation was the expression method for young animation creators through creative and progressive representation. Since the birth of animation, independent short animation has become a driving force for qualitative development and diversification of animation. This has brought many works to the world that emphasize experimentation and challenges in the history of animation and in countries that have the rich animation resources such as France, Japan, and Canada, they recognize its importance and supports young creators in order to maintain the value of it. However, Korean animations are evaluated the quality of works by the popularity of the children, moreover, companies that focus on developing and selling products, including toys, rather than animation works themselves and public awareness that accepts them are formed throughout the Korean animation industry. Because of these points, Korean animation creators can not express the creative vision for the future and philosophical awareness of the problem and they are trapped in commercial animation markets. In order to re-leap and expand the Korean animation industry, which has reached the saturation level with infant animation, it is necessary to reestablish the value of independent short animations with challenging and experimental characteristics and requires the creative environment and support system for the diversity of Korean animation industries, including the achieving commercial goals through good planning, story development and technological innovation. For this purpose, this paper analyzes the current state of production, screening, distribution, and government support of independent short animation in Korea, and explores the structural problems and solutions.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.6
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• pp.172-190
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• 2002

Flash animation occupied public attention since . It started to by payed attention through the internet first, and it spread into the off line. Flash animation becomes one of animation genre, as it tooks the place at the international animation festival. Also, as it is produced for tv, and the cinema, it has an infinite of possibilities. In this point, we have to notice that the domestic flash animation is the most successful in the world. Therefore, this paper will show accomplishment point and distinction of flash animation. Chapter 1, 2, will talk about basic outline and practical use of flash. Chapter 3 will look at a growth industry and process of flash animation, focused on Mashmaro, Zolaman, and Woobyboy. Chapter 4, will discuss about accomplishment point and distinction of flash animation compare with existing animation. Also it will conclude with a reflection on recommendations for further improvement.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.9
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• pp.33-58
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• 2005

This study is to create and develop Korean cartoon & animation through the comparative study on those activities in Korea, America & Japan. Three countries advance highly in the art creation and industry development of their cartoon & animation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the following activities related to the education ${\cdot}$ art ${\cdot}$ culture ${\cdot}$ industry of their cartoon & animation; 1) The education of their cartoon & animation is deeply specified in the establishment of department, composition of curriculum, and research & development. 2) The art of their cartoon & animation is widely diversified in the art creation of cartoon & comics, vanguard experiment of animation, and awarding system. 3) The culture of their cartoon & animation is clearly distinguished in the setup of organizations, expansion of cultural facilities, and festival events. 4) The industry of their cartoon & animation makes ultramodern contents of cartoon & comics, film digitizing of animation, and brand merchandising of characters. Finally, we must research and develop the ${\ll}$digital cartoon, webtoon, and mobile animation${\gg}$ in Korea.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.11
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• pp.55-72
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• 2007

Entering the Chinese animation market is a requirement for the survival and growth of Korean animation industry. While the size of Korean domestic animation market is not big enough to explain the investment for the production of animation project, the rapidly growing Chinese market provides a great potential for Korean animation. However, in recent few years, a high entrance barrier has been raised by Chinese government who aggressively enforce the strong policy to protect and develop the Chinese animation industry, by blocking the foreign animations out of Chinese domestic TV broadcasting. As a result, Chinese animation industry has witnessed a rapid growth enough to satisfy the domestic TV programming needs, and there seems no room for Korean animation to be exposed to Chinese animation consumers, whether through export of the program or co-production with Chinese companies. Through the study on Chinese government's policies and recent development of Chinese animation industry, this article is suggesting a new strategy for Korean animation industry to effectively exploit the Chinese market. In order to overcome the entrance barrier, Korean animation industry should satisfy the needs of Chinese government and industry for mutual benefit of both countries, and it can be accomplished by positioning Korean animation industry as a partner for Chinese industry, helping China in its way to the No.1 position in the global animation market. By providing the creative development capability, business knowhow and global marketing network for the co-production project, Korean animation industry can make a win-win situation for both countries, and at this point of stage, it would be the most effective way to make a meaningful presence of Korean animation industry in Chinese market.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.15
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• pp.139-150
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• 2009

Today, China can reestablish its previously prosperous Chinese animation tradition and can make a great plan of recreating earlier characteristic Chinese animation style. In China, TV culture was already here to stay and a large number of foreign countries' animations were entering the Chinese market. Presently, Chinese animation was recognized as time order of 4points: Animation policy, Animation industry, Animation market, and culture. My studies about these issues show the Chinese animation industry has entered an advancing country. I have especially researched into solving these issues with the Korean and Chinese animation & market. As result, I have concluded that the Chinese animation industry must engage itself in foreign animation styles and global market in order to further advance its industry. To help raise its production quality & technique status, I recommend the Chinese government actually give the donations promised to the Chinese animation and culture industries as well as the education system now.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.617-620
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• 2009

Mechanic animation's popularity is going on steadily in the world. In Korea, produced various mechanic animation since produced 'Robot Taekwon V'. However, Animation wasn't recognized one of culture genre in Korea, therefore many restrictions were happened, so animation's quality wasn't satisfied with the masses's liking. And Korean animation was turned away then making animation was decreased. This paper show history of Korean animation and this condition, then compare with Korean animation and Japanese animation 'Gundam', And this will indicate possibility of Korean animation development.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.6
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• pp.132-151
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• 2002

Animation is an art, which experiences through visual and auditory sense. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the theory of film sound can be also applied to animation sound. The study also aims to find out whether the mood and feeling of animation can be influenced by rhythm and fidelity of sound. To begin with, exampled a few animations and analyzed their sound base on the theoretical background of film sound and found out that influence of rhythm and fidelity of sound in animation is much more effective than in film. To find out the relationship between the changes of the mood according to different rhythm, I have applied the various rhythms of sound in a same sequential images. Result proved that the mood of animation was changed according to different rhythms that applied to animation. sound has a great ability of delivering the mood prior to images and different sound can change the overall feeling and mood of animation. Also proved that influence of fidelity of sound is much greater than rhythms of sound, especially in comic animation.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.18
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• pp.17-35
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find out the way to improve the funding system of Korean animation, which will lead the establishment of virtuous circle of Korean animation industry. The funding structure of Korean animations in the period of 2005-2009 is analyzed to find out that the funding surveyed to find out that the domestic funding source for Korean animation has reached its limitation. Without any active involvement of public fund, this will result in the shrink of Korean animation industry with heavy reliance on foreign capital and limited quality of Korean animation. This is not only a serious problem of Korean animation industry, but also the problem of Korean cultural identity and variety because it is related with the diminish and degradation of Korean children and family content. Meanwhile, in France and Canada, which are the major co-production partners of Korean animation, the animation production is being activated by the full support of government fund system, because the animation is regarded as the important genre which plays a critical public role in establishing the cultural identity and variety of such countries. Improvement of Korean animation funding system is not pursued by more injection of public fund into the industry. It should be designed to facilitate the investment from the private sector by improving the profitability of Korean animation. This goal can be achieved by public fund with annual budget of 25 billion Korean Won supporting the distribution and production of Korean animation. Discussion should be needed for securing the funding resources such as establishment of new animation fund or utilization of existing fund.