• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.101-113
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• 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this scoping review is to suggest future treatment and research directions for adult ADHD by examining domestic trends in Korean research on adults with ADHD tendencies. Methods: The present review used Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology. Eight domestic databases were used, and a search was conducted in July 2023 while targeting domestic papers that had been published within the last 20 years. Subject keywords included 'College student', 'Soldier', and 'Adult', and the subject-related terms that were searched for included 'ADHD'. Results: From 502 initially collected articles, 78 were ultimately selected for analysis in this work. Domestic research related to adult ADHD has been steadily conducted since 2000, and most such research has been done in psychology. Regarding the research participants, those in their 20s were the most common age group, and college students accounted for more than half of participants. In terms of study design, survey studies were the most common, while there was a lack of studies on intervention. The subject most closely dealt with in ADHD studies was interpersonal relationships, followed by depression and addiction. The main intervention used in this study was cognitive behavioral therapy, however it was limited in number. Conclusions: More multifaceted studies on adult ADHD need to be conducted using various research methodologies, and there is also a need for more studies using interventions. It is also important for such research to be expanded to broader geographic areas, ages, and occupations.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.5-25
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• 2020

Objectives: Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an important mental health problem that needs resolution, especially considering the high rates of ADHD continuation from childhood to adolescence/adulthood and the high prevalence of ADHD in adults. Adults with ADHD have lifelong negative impacts and require close monitoring with long-term follow-up. Hence, the establishment of a Korean practice parameter for adult ADHD is necessary to minimize discontinuation of treatment and enable information sharing among Korean mental health professionals. Methods: The Korean practice parameter was developed using an evidence-based approach consisting of expert consensus survey coupled with literature review. Results: According to the expert consensus survey, the most commonly used diagnostic methods were clinical psychiatric interview (20.66%) and self-report scales (19.25%) followed by attention (14.71%) and psychological tests (14.24%). Key evaluation instruments currently available in Korea are the World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Rating Scale, Korean Adult ADHD Rating Scale, Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults, Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale for adults, Comprehensive Attention Test, Conners' Continuous Performance Test, and the subtests of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Digit Span and Letter-Number Sequencing. Although pharmacotherapy is recommended as the first-line of treatment for adult ADHD, we recommend that it be followed by a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach including psychoeducation, pharmacotherapy, cognitive behavior therapy and coaching. Conclusion: The Korean practice parameter introduces not only general information for the diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD on a global scale, but also the process of diagnosis and treatment options tailored to the Korean population.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.88-98
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• 2023

Objectives: This study is to report two cases of adult atopic dermatitis improved by Osuyu-tang. Methods: Osuyu-tang was prescribed to two adult atopic dermatitis patients. The patients took Osuyu-tang 3 times a day for 45 days and 50 days, respectively. Results: In case 1 who complained of redness, erythema, edema, exudation, dryness, erosion, lichenification, scaly, and pruritus, skin symptoms improved from 15 to 2, and pruritus also improved from NRS 8 to 2. In case 2 who complained of redness-centered skin symptoms, skin symptoms improved from 15 to 1, and pruritus also improved from NRS 9 to 1. Conclusions: When Osuyu-tang was prescribed to two patients with adult atopic dermatitis, significant improvement was observed. It is thought that Osyyu-tang can be used as the treatment of other similar diseases in the future.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.275-280
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• 2016

Purpose: This study is intended to look into the difference in surgery effects through the analysis of risk factors on how the common adult diseases among Korean adults diseases (glaucoma, hypertension and diabetes) are affecting cataract. Methods: Cataract surgery patients' daily records at hospitals in Jeonnam were used as analysis data. Factors - which can affect the results of medical treatment before and after an operation - were classified into the input, process and outcome of medical treatment. The medical treatment and patient characteristics were reflected as the input of medical treatment, and clinical results, functional status and general status as the process of medical treatment. Results: There was a close relationship between adult diseases of glaucoma, diabetes and hypertension, and cataract. Visual acuity of adult diseases patients was 10% lower than of non-adult diseases patients. And for post-surgery it was around 16% difference in refractive error and visual acuity between two groups. Conclusions: According to a study result, the cataract has been confirmed that there is a close relationship of Adult disease patients's glaucoma, diabetes and hypertension. Depending on the type about these adult diseases, before and after cataract surgery, vision and refractive power was found to indicate a significant difference when compared with conventional low normal adult control.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.29-52
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• 2018

Social changes have added to new challenges to adult literacy policies in Korea. These changes not only require most adults to improve their literacy skills, but also require them to learn new competencies. In this context, this study aims to examine whether the Korean literacy policy has properly responded to the new literacy needs. For this purpose, this study not only aims to examine the adult literacy policies of UK and Australia, but also plans to suggest implications for the Korean government. The findings of the study are as follow. Both UK and Australian governments have developed literacy education funding programs, performance management system, and professional development program for literacy educators, all of which are needed for the provision of high quality adult literacy programs. The Korean government has also implemented the similar system since it formulated the adult literacy policy in 2006. However, there are significant differences between the Korean case and those of Australia and UK. Where both UK and Australia governments target every adult who has needs for literacy education, the Korean government only targets the poorly-educated elderly. Accordingly, the Korean government has failed to accommodate various literacy needs of adults. As a way of addressing the limitations of the Korean policy, the government should innovate the adult literacy policy in a way that it helps every adult develop knowledge and skills at anytime and anywhere.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 2017

Purpose: To investigate differences in clinical features, blood/urinary findings, and prognosis in different age groups of patients with Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura (HSP). Methods: A total of 469 patients with HSP were analyzed retrospectively from June 2003 to February 2016. We classified patients into child or adult groups based on their age. Results: The adult group had more patients with anemia (child vs. adult; 7.5% vs. 16.4%), and higher immunoglobulin A (IgA) (30.0% vs. 50.0%) levels, C-reactive protein (34.2% vs. 54.0%) and uric acid (3.1% vs. 12.1%) levels than the child group. The child group was highly positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae immunoglobulin M (IgM) (34.4%). More patients in the child group presented with high levels of antistreptolysin O (24.7% vs. 2.9%) and high C4 (11.5% vs. 4.2%). Low C3 (1.1% vs. 10.2%) levels, and renal involvement with gross hematuria (8.6% vs. 21.5 %), nonnephrotic proteinuria (1.1% vs. 11.2%), and nephrotic syndrome (1.1% vs. 6.0%) were common in the adult group. Adults also had poorer renal outcomes [persistent hematuria/proteinuria (10.5% vs. 32.8%), and chronic kidney disease (0% vs. 11.2%)] than the child group. Risk factors for renal involvement such as older age and higher level of uric acid were only found in the child group. The risk factors for poor renal outcome were nephrotic syndrome in the child group and gross hematuria in the adult group. Conclusion: In this study, child and adult groups presented with different clinical manifestations of HSP. We found that risk factors for renal involvement included age and high uric acid level in the child group. Moreover, nephrotic syndrome in the child group and gross hematuria in the adult group increased the risk of poor renal outcome.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.129-147
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• 2013

The primary focus of the study assesses how individual spouses' and their partners' marital adjustment influence their own and their mental health. The study also examines whether this influence was mediated by the relationship with their adult-children. Data were collected from 271 dyads of elderly couples by using a self-report questionnaire. Marital adjustment was measured in terms of intimacy and comparison level of marriage. Mental health was measured in terms of depressive mood, anxiety, and somatization. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) analysis revealed that marital adjustment was positively associated with one's own mental health and with one's own relationship with their adult-children, but not with their partner's. On the other hand, the relationship with adult-children was positively associated with one's own and with their partner's mental health. Furthermore, analysis of the mediating model using APIM indicated that marital adjustment through one's own adult-children relationship had direct and indirect effects on one's own mental health. It is interesting to note that the wives' mental health were directly influenced by their partners' relationship with adult-children. However, the effect of the husbands' mental health was not significant. These findings highlight dyadic interdependence among spouses' perceptions of marital and adult-children relationship with their mental health. The results suggest implications for educators and clinicians working with elderly couples to improve their psychological and relational health.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.181-195
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• 2016

This study use the influences of parenting style as perceived by and adult child and recognizes gender roles for the purpose of marriage perspectives. I provided a general tendency of parenting style as perceived by and adult child, recognize gender roles, and perspective of marriage to achieve the established goals. We analyzed the relative influence of socio-demographic characteristics, parenting style as perceived by and adult child and recognize gender roles for marriage perspectives. Finally, parenting style as perceived by and adult child are recognized gender roles mediated by the investigated influence of marriage perspectives. We used a structured questionnaire that targeted unmarried men and women 20 to 30 years of age to verify the this study. Data analysis used SPSS ver. 19.0; in addition, we performed reliability, frequency analysis, t-test, hierarchical regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, and variance inflation factor. Looking at these results, both adult children had a higher perception of rearing parents with the usual recognition of gender roles. The analysis indicated a conservative perspective of marriage. Adult children of mothers rearing and recognize gender roles sub-area of masculinity and femininity are perceived to be a significant change observed in marriage perspectives in addition to socio-demographic characteristics of gender and education. However, the relationship between parenting style, as perceived by adult child and marriage perspectives and as analyzed by recognize gender roles, did not have a mediating effect.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.227-233
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• 2018

Objectives: Chronic diseases, including back pain, result in significant patient morbidity and societal burden. Overall improvement in physical fitness is recommended for prevention and treatment. Walking is a convenient modality for achieving initial gains. Our objective was to determine whether neighbourhood walkability, acting as a surrogate measure of physical fitness, was associated with the presence of chronic disease. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of prospectively collected data from a prior randomized cohort study of 227 patients referred for tertiary assessment of chronic back pain in Ottawa, ON, Canada. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was calculated from patient-completed questionnaires and medical record review. Using patients' postal codes, neighbourhood walkability was determined using the Walk Score, which awards points based on the distance to the closest amenities, yielding a score from 0 to 100 (0-50: car-dependent; 50-100: walkable). Results: Based on the Walk Score, 134 patients lived in car-dependent neighborhoods and 93 lived in walkable neighborhoods. A multivariate logistic regression model, adjusted for age, gender, rural postal code, body mass index, smoking, median household income, percent employment, pain, and disability, demonstrated an adjusted odds ratio of 2.75 (95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 6.53) times higher prevalence for having a chronic disease for patients living in a car-dependent neighborhood. There was also a significant dose-related association (p=0.01; Mantel-Haenszel chi-square=6.4) between living in car-dependent neighbourhoods and more severe CCI scores. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that advocating for improved neighbourhood planning to permit greater walkability may help offset the burden of chronic disease.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.533-540
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• 2017

Schistosoma mansoni is highly endemic in Tanzania and affects all age groups at different degrees. However, its control approach does not include adult individuals who are equally at risk and infected. To justify the inclusion of adult individuals in MDA programs in Tanzania, the present study focused on determining the prevalence of S. mansoni infection and its related morbidities among adult individuals. This was a cross sectional study conducted among 412 adult individuals aged 18-89 years living in selected villages of Rorya and Butiama districts located along the shoreline of the Lake Victoria. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and socio-economic information of participants. Ultrasonographic examinations were conducted for all study participants using the Niamey protocol. A single stool sample was obtained from all study participants and examined for S. mansoni using the Kato-Katz technique. The study revealed a high prevalence of S. mansoni (56.3%), and the majority of infected individuals had a light intensity of infection. Ultrasonographic findings revealed that 22.4% of adult individuals had periportal fibrosis (PPF) (grade C-F), with 18.4% having grade C and D and 4% having grade E and F. Males had the highest prevalence of PPF (31.7% vs 10.8%, P<0.001). Organomegaly was common with 28.5% and 29.6% having splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, respectively. S. mansoni infection and its related morbidities included PPF, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly were common among adult individuals. To reduce the level of transmission of S. mansoni infection, planned mass drug administration campaigns should include adult individuals living in these villages.