• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.352-363
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 잔대(Adenophora triphylla var. japonica)순 아세트산에틸 분획물의 in vitro 미백 효과에 대하여 연구하였다. EFAT는 다른 분획물과 비교하여 뛰어난총폴리페놀 함량(246.25 mg GAE/g)과 총 플라보노이드 함량(303.94 mg RE/g)을 나타내었으며, ABTS, DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성, FRAP assay 및 MDA 억제 활성에서 상대적으로 우수한 항산화 활성을 보였다. EFAT는 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ 억제 활성에서 $41.93{\mu}g/ml$의 $IC_{50}$ 값을 나타내었으며, L-DOPA를 기질로 이용한 tyrosinase 억제 활성의 $IC_{50}$은 $438.67{\mu}g/ml$로 tyrosinase의 산화 반응을 효과적으로 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 B16/F10 melanome 세포에서 ${\alpha}-MSH$에 의해 유도된 멜라닌을 $200{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 108.04%로 높은 저해 효과를 보여주었다. 따라서 EFAT는 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ 억제 효과를 통한 tyrosinase의 glycosylation을 저해 작용과 tyrosinase의 가역적인 산화반응 저해를 통한 멜라닌의 생성을 억제하는 것으로 사료된다. 마지막으로 EFAT의 생리활성 물질을 확인하기 위해 HPLC 분석을 실시한 결과, 주요 생리활성 물질은 chlorogenic acid와 rutin으로 추정되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 볼 때, EFAT는 자외선 등으로부터 발생되는 산화적 스트레스로 발생되는 멜라닌의 생합성 저해 효과를 통하여, 미백 기능성을 함유한 향장소재로의 이용가능성이 높다고 판단되어진다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.31-39
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• 1964

본 문은 1963-1964년 사이에 감나무에 기생하는 Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock의 생태학적연구와 여기에 기행하는 parasite 2종의 생태에 관한 연구의 결과를 수록하였다. 1. C. floridensis는 대구시내 시가 중심부에 집중적으로 감나무에 기생해 있고 본충의 유력한 기생기봉인 M. clauseni의 기생율은 최고 $66.67\%$이고 시가 중심에 비교적 기생율이 적다. 2. 본 충의 란의 발육은 성숙란이 5월 중순 - 7월초에 나타나고 5월말-6월초에 가장 많이 나타난다. 그리고 1필의 장란수는 평균 $2030.77\pm0.49$개이다. 3. 본 충은 6월초-7월초에 부화하여 6월 중순에 최고를 이루며 male은 8월 14-9월 7일에 용화하여 성충은 8월 20일-9월 8일 사이에 나타난다. 또 adult male의 수명은 8월에는 3일간, 9월에는 4일간이다. 4. 본 충의 host plant 중 persimmon, platanus, trifoliate orange의 3종에 기생한 본 충의 체장에는 상호간에 차이가 있으며 persimmon에 기생한 것의 체장이 가장 길고 다음이 platanus이며 trifoliate orange에 기생한 것이 체장이 가장 작았다. 5. C. floridensis에 기생하는 M. clauseni는 1년에 5회 발생하며 유충내로 host 체내에서 월동하여 4월 중순에 제1회의 성충이 나타난다. $21^{\circ}C$에서 1세대를 완료하는데 15일을 요하며 이 parasite의 female 1필이 가지고 있는 ovariole 수는 6개이고 장란수는 평균 $47.19\pm0.35$개였다. 6. C. floridensis 1필에 기생하는 M. clauseni의 기생충수는 1필이 가장 많았고 2필 또는 이례적으로 4필이 기생한 것도 있었다. 7. Coccophagus spp.는 C. floridensis에 있어서 male에만 기생하고 그 기생율은 $14.831\%$였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.31-43
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• 1973

The trend in modern nursing is toward the performance of comprehensive nursing care. Psychiatric nursing emphasizes education which enables the nurse to understand the underlying difficulties being expressed through a wide range of emotions and through practice to be more adept in her selection of a manner of approach which best meets the needs of a given situation. Presently, in Korea, there is nothing in the literature regarding evaluation of the effect of psychiatric nursing education on the attitudes of nurses towards mental illness and mentally ill patients. This stud!1 was attempted in order to understand 1) some of the problems in psychiatric nursing education 2) some of tile factors which affect the attitudes of nurses towards mental illness and mental patients. A questionnaire, a Korean translation of the "Opinions about Mental illness Scale" by Cohen and Stranding, 1962, was administered to 188 nonpsychiatric registered nurses employed in Yonsei University Hospital (Y. Hospital) and Seoul National University Hospital (S. Hospital) located in the city of Seoul. All of the nurses were directly involved with adult patient care. They graduated from various nursing schools. The data was collected during the period of October 2 to October 16,1972. The age, educational background , marital status, type of previous psychiatric experience, experience as a graduate nurse and close personal relationship with someone who was a psychiatric patient were compared with the O.M.I. scores. The mean and standard errors for each of the comparison groups were computed and tile relationships calculated by a t-test. The results of the study are summarized as follow: 1. There is no significant difference between the age of the nurses and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients. 2. There is no significant difference between the. educational backgrounds of the nurses and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients. 3. There is a significant difference in the nurses ′student psychiatric nursing experience and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients for the nurses in 5. Hospital only. The nurses who had 3-4 week of student psychiatric nursing experience had a significantly higher mean score for Benevolence (factor B) than nurses whose student psychiatric experience had been less than 1 Ivcek (P<0.05). The nurses who had 1-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks and more than 4 weeks of student psychiatric nursing experience had significantly higher mean scores for Interpersonal Ethology (factor E) than nurses whose student psychiatric had been less than 1 week (p<0.05), 4. There is a significant difference in the nurses′student psychiatric nursing experience by types of institution and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients for S. Hospital nurses only. The nurses who had their student psychiatric nursing experience in the government psychiatric hospitals recorded significantly higher mean score for Authoritarianism (factor A) than nurses who had their. experience in private psychiatric hospitals (p<0.05). 5. There is no significant difference in the nurses′psychiatric nursing experience as a graduate nurse and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients. 6. There is no significant difference in the nature and variety of the nurses′experience as a graduate nurse and their attitude toward mental illness and mental patients. 7. There is no significant difference in the presence or absence of a close personal relationship with a mentally ill person and the nurses′attitude toward mental illness and mental patients. 8. There is no significant difference in the nurses′ marital status and their attitude toward mental illness and mental patients. 9. There is no significant difference between the nurses who were employed ill S. and Y. hospitals and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients. Major suggestion for further study was to have more larger and wider scale research for establishing of the reliability and validity of the Korean translation of the O.H.I. Scale.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.17-31
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• 1974

Today, over seventy five percent of nursing in Korea provide a psychiatric experience in the basic curriculum. The psychiatric affiliation presents numerous major problems of adjustment to the student. The Importance of positive attitude toward the nursing care of psychiatric patients is recognized by the nursing profession. I have fined out the unfavorable attitude of non collegiate nursing students toward psychiatric nursing affiliation by previous research. This study was undertaken in response to a felt need to explore the use of several devices which might yield information about attitudes toward psychiatric nursing as a basis for future planning of the program offered at a selected hospital. This study is designed to meet the following objectives; (1) In order to find out the expressed attitudes of fifty·three collegiate nursing students toward their psychiatric affiliation. (2) To compare responses given by selected group of collegiate and non collegiate nursing students to same questionnaire (3) To determine the relationship between the attitudes of nursing students toward psychiatric nursing and the type of instructions where experience was obtained. A questionnaire, a Korean translation of the "Psychiatric Nursing Attitude Questionnaire" by Moldered Elizabeth fletcher, was administered to fifty-three collegiate nursing students who had completed a four-week psychiatric affiliation in a S hospital psychiatric ward during May 7, 1973 to Dec. 16, 1973. - The questionnaire of 100 statements was administered in the following way; (1) Part Ⅰ, Preconceptions, was, given in individual conferences with each subject, during the first few days of their affiliation, and again during the final week of affiliation. The responses to Part I were oral. (2) Part Ⅱ, Expectations, Part Ⅲ, Personal Relations, Part Ⅳ, Personal Feelings, and Part V, Attitudes and Activities of Patients were given to all of the subjects in a group meeting during the second week of the affiliation, and again, during the fourth week at the termination of the affiliation. Responses to Parts Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ·, and V, were written. Each of the 100 statements of the questionnaire was considered to be either Positive or Negative. A favorable response was assigned the positive value of 1 and an unfavorable response was assigned the Negative value of O. The coefficient of correlation was computed between the two sets of scores for the fifty-three nursing students, The mean score, the standard deviation, and the differences in the means on each of the five parts of the questionnaire were computed and the relationships calculated by at-test. The results of the study were as follows; 1. There was no significant correlation between the two sets of the scores for the fifty-three nursing students during the four-week psychiatric affiliation. (r= 0.36) 2. There was no significant difference in the mean scores between the first and final tests for any of the questionnaire. 3. The Part Ⅰ, Preconceptions, data indicated collegiate nursing students have positive attitudes in preconceptions than non collegiate nursing students and preconceptions toward the psychiatric affiliation which affect their psychiatric nursing experience. 4. The Part Ⅱ, Expectations, data indicated more appropriate expectations of collegiate nursing students related to pre psychiatric affiliation orientation and sufficient theory learning than non-collegiate nursing students. 5. The Part Ⅲ, Personal relations, data indicated some students have negative attitudes in personal relations with normal people in respect to psychological security and social responsibilities. 6. The Part Ⅳ, Personal feelings, data indicated nursing students have psychological insecurity & inappropriateness. 7. The Part V, Attitudes and activities of patients, data indicated collegiate nursing students have more positive attitudes to the psychotic behavior of certain situations due to sufficient theory learning. 8. The data indicated collegiate·nursing students have more positive attitude than non-collegiate nursing students. 5. The Part Ⅲ, Personal relations, data indicated some students have negative attitudes in personal relations with normal people in respect to psychological security and social responsibilities. 6. The Part Ⅳ, Personal feelings, data indicated nursing students have psychological insecurity & inappropriateness. 7. The Part V, Attitudes and activities of patients, data indicated collegiate nursing students have more positive attitudes to the psychotic behavior of certain situations due to sufficient theory learning. 8. The data indicated collegiate·nursing students have more positive attitude than non-collegiate nursing students through psychiatric affiliation.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.581-596
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• 1995

Clinical practice in nursing education provides an opportunity for students, through the process of ap-plying theoretical knowledge to practice, and to learn nursing skills as well as being socialized into nursing and as such decrease the reality shock of actual nursing practice. Because of a shortage of nursing faculty, the job of achieving the objectives of the clinical practice had been turned over to the head nurses. This resulted in many problems, such as, unclear location of responsibilities and inadequate feedback from head nurses. Therefore this study was done to introduce and evaluate the use of preceptors as a way to minimize the above problems, and to maximize the achievement of the clinical practice objectives. Using an adaptation of Zerbe's (1991) three-tiered team model, clinical practice was done using a preceptor, a head nurse and a clinical instructor, each with different and well defined roles. The subjects of this study were 67 senior students of the College of Nursing of Y University in Seoul whose clinical practice in adult nursing was carried out between May 1, 1994 and December 8, 1994. There were 22 preceptors who had at least two years of clinical experience and who were recommended by their head nurses. They were given additional education on the philosophy and objectives of the College of Nursing, on communication skills, on the theory and practice of education, and on nursing diagnosis and education evaluation. The role of the preceptor was to work one-to-one with students in their practice. The role of the head nurse was to supervise and evaluate the preceptors. The role of the clinical instructor was to provide the education program for the preceptors, to provide ad-vice and suggestions to the preceptors and to maintain lines of communication with the college. With each of these roles in place, it was thought that the effectiveness and efficiency of the clinical practice could be increased significantly. To evaluate the effectiveness of the preceptorship, the three - tiered model, Lowery's Teacher Evaluation Opinion Form translated and adapted to Korea was used to measure student statisfaction. The Clinical Practice Compentency Evaluation Tool developed by Lee et ai was also used to measure student competencies. The results of this study are as follows 1. The satisfaction with clinical practice was higher with the introduction of the perceptors than it was before they were used. (t=-5.96, p=<.005) 2. The clinical practice competencies were higher with the introduction of the preceptors than it was before they were used(t=-5.l3, p<.005) 3. In order to analyze areas not measured by the quantitative tools additional analysis of the open questions was done. The results of this analysis showed that : 1) The students felt positive about their sense of security, confidence, handling of responsbility, and being systematic. They also felt positive about improvements in knowledge, opportunities for direct care, and socialization. 2) The students felt negative about the technical part of their role, lack of knowledge by the preceptor, unprofessional attitudes on the part of the preceptor, difficulty in the role of the professional nurse(student). 3) The preceptors felt positive about their responsibility, motivation, and relationship with the college. 4) The preceptors felt negative about their bur-den. Introduction of the preceptorship model will lead to change and improvement in the negative factors discussed above, solve problems in the present clinical education system, increase continuity in the education of the students, help with socialization of the students and motivation of the preceptors to up-grade their education and increase their confidence. These objectives must be obtained to further the development of professional nursing, and thus, making the preceptorship a reality is our job for the future.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.61-74
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• 1983

The proportion of people who contacted pulmonary T.B. in Korea has drastically decreased as a result of the incessant effort of the Korean government which adopted a policy of“drive out T.B.”as its foremost health policy. However, the proportion still remains relatively high com-pared with that of developed countries. This study attempts to find some means for guiding and educating college students who have T.B. in their health care by (1) first determining the effect if their self-concept and health beliefs on their behavior in regard to their disease and (2) then predicting the level of compliance of the new patients to the treatment suggested by the health specialist, before the commencement of the treatment. The subjects of this study consisted of 88 mald and female students at Y University who were diagnosed as minimal pulmonary T.B. patients and registered at the health clinic of Y University during the period between September 1, 1981 and March 31, 1953. Data were collected from them by means of questionnaire and interview. The instruments used for this study were (1) a part of Junghoon Choi's“Perceptual Orientation ,Scale”for measuring self-perception of patients and (2) Rosenberg's questionnaire for measuring patients' evaluation of self-esteem, and (3) an instrument for measuring patients' health beliefs which was developed by this researcher utilizing information available from references. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chisquare test, Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test. The findings were as follows: 3. Test of hypotheses 1) Hypothesis 1: Patients with high self-concept will be high in health beliefs. For testing this hypothesis a calculation of Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between the patients' self-concept and their health beliefs was carried out. The result of this test was -. 0756 which was not significant at α=.05 and hence hypothesis 1 was not supported. 2) Hypothesis 2: Patients with a high self-concept will tend to be high in compliance with the suggested treatment. Again a Pearson correlaton coefficient was calculated between the two variaibles in the hypothesis. The calculated coefficient r was .1558 which was not significant at α=.05. Hence hypothesis 2 was rejected. 3) Hypothesis 3: Patients with high susceptibility will have a high compliance level. The correlation coefficient between the two variables was -.1975, which was significant at α=.05 but due to the negative sign hypothesis 3 could not be accepted. 4) Hypothesis 4: Patients who take their disease seriously will have a higher compliance level. The calculated correlation coefficient between the variables in this hypothesis was .1642 which was not significant at α=.05 and hence hypothesis 4 was rejected. 5) Hypothesis 5: Patients with a high sense of the benefit of treatment will have a high level of compliance. The computed correlation coefficient was .3129 which was significant at α=.05 and hence hypothesis 5 was acepted. 2. Findings from the correlation analysis were as follows: 1) Patients' susceptibility and their compliance to treatment was negatively correlated (r= -. 1975) which was significant at α= .05. This implies that as the patients' level of susceptibility increases their compliance level decreases. 2) Patients' susceptibility and their self-concept were negatively correlated (r= -. 1790) which was again singnificant at α=.05. The implication of this is that as the patients’self concept increases their susceptibility to disease decreases. 3) Patients' self-concept and their sense of benefit derieved from the treatment was positively correlated (r=.1970) which was significant at α=.05. That is, patients with a high self-concept perceived a great sense of benefit from the treatment. To summarize, patients who are low in susceptibility have a high level of compliance and self-concept.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2002

서울시민의 구강위생용품에 대한 인지도 사용방법숙지도 사용실태를 파악하고 구강위생용품사용을 권장하고 보급하는 방안을 제시함으로써 가정에서의 구강건강관리에 도움을 주고자 할 목적으로 조사되었다. 이에 저자는 임의로 선정한 서울시내 2개의 치과대학병원과 7개의 치과의원에 내원한 환자 347명을 대상으로 면접 설문 조사하였으며, 구강상태별로 구분하여 구강위생용품의 인지도 사용방법숙지도 사용실태를 조사 분석하였던 바, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 조사대상자의 사용하는 칫솔의 평균두부길이는 22.3mm이었고, 평균사용기간은 2.3개월 이었으며, 수평두부모양의 사용자율은 51.9% 이었고, 불소함유세치제의 사용자율은 46.7%로 조사되었다. 2. 조사대상자의 이쑤시개 사용자율이 다른 구강위생용품의 사용자율보다 높았으며 일반성인군과 교정치료환자군에서는 치실 및 치간칫솔의 사용자율이 이쑤시개의 사용자율보다 높게 나타났다. 3. 교정치료환자의 경우 교정용칫솔의 사용법숙지자율이 25.4%로 사용자율 45.8% 보다 낮게 조사되어 정확한 사용방법의 이해 없이 사용하고 있는 것으로 검토되었다. 4. 치주질환자, 과민성환자, 인공치아매식환자, 의치장착환자, 구취환자에서 사용하는 특수용도 구강위생용품에 대한 인지도 및 사용율이 매우 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 5. 조사대상자의 일반적인 구강위생용품의 사용율은, 이쑤시개의 사용은 구취환자군에서, 치실의 사용은 치간이개환자군에서, 치간칫솔과 진동칫솔의 사용은 교정치료환자군에서, 양치용액의 사용은 일반성인군에서 가장 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 6. 조사대상자들의 최대 관리대상 구강병은 치아우식증 60.3%, 치주질환 24.0%, 부정교합 14.8%, 구강암 0.9% 순으로 조사되었으며, 구강상태별 최대 관리대상 구강병과의 유의도 분석결과, 치간이개 환자(P>0.05)를 제외한 모든 군에서의 유의한 차이가 있었다. 7. 보조구강위생용품을 사용하게 된 동기는 '치과에서 권장해서'라고 응답한 사람이 45.0%로 가장 높았으며, 보조구강위생용품을 사용하지 않는 이유는 '적절한 구강위생용품을 몰라서'라고 답한 사람이 38.6%, '사용이 불편하고 귀찮아서'라고 답한 사람이 31.3% 이었고, '구입하기 어렵고 비싸서'라고 응답한 사람이 12.0% 이었고, '효과가 없는 것 같아서'라고 응답한 사람이 7.8% 이었으며, '치과에서 권장하지 않아서'라고 응답한 사람이 4.8%로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과, 서울시민의 구강위생용품에 대한 인지도 및 사용율이 매우 낮았으며, 따라서 전 국민을 대상으로 보조구강위생용품의 효과 및 필요성 등에 대한 홍보가 이루어지고, 치과의료기관에서는 구강보건인력들이 환자특성에 따른 적합한 구강위생용품의 선택과 사용방법에 대한 교육이 이루어져야 할 것으로 검토되었다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2016

이번 연구는 2009년 4월부터 9월까지 대전 동구보건소에서 실시하는 노인 스케일링-불소도포 사업에 참여한 노인 503명을 대상으로 잔존치아수와 강도별 30가지 음식섭취 능력, 구강건강관련 삶의 질(OHIP-14)의 관계를 조사하였다. 그 결과, 음식섭취능력에 따른 총 잔존치아수는 모든 음식을 섭취할 수 있는 1군 $21.78{\pm}8.27$개, 26가지 음식을 섭취할 수 있는 2군 $16.75{\pm}7.87$개, 16가지 음식을 섭취할 수 있는 3군 $14.68{\pm}9.77$개, 8가지 음식을 섭취할 수 있는 4군 $9.93{\pm}8.13$개, 모든 음식을 섭취할 수 없는 5군 $10.18{\pm}8.37$개로 1군, 2~3군, 4~5군 간의 유의한 차이가 있었다. 보철 포함 대합구치수는 1군 $2.80{\pm}2.63$개, 2군 $2.16{\pm}2.44$개, 3군 $1.73{\pm}2.30$개, 4군 $0.78{\pm}1.68$개, 5군은 $0.51{\pm}1.22$개으로 1, 2군과 5군의 유의한 차이가 있어서 고정성 보철물을 포함한 대합구치는 음식섭취능력에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. OHIP-14는 1군 $2.16{\pm}3.37$, 2군 $4.35{\pm}6.09$, 3군 $7.23{\pm}7.53$, 4군 $11.20{\pm}3.40$, 5군 $18.15{\pm}8.55$으로 모든 군 간 유의한 차이가 있고 음식섭취능력이 좋을수록 구강건강관련 삶의 질이 양호하였다. 강도별 음식섭취능력과 잔존치아수가 OHIP-14에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 단단한 음식 섭취능력은 OHIP-14에 유의한 영향이 없었으며 중강도 음식섭취능력, 무른 음식 섭취능력 총 잔존치아수 순으로 OHIP-14에 영향을 미쳤다. OHIP-14와 음식의 상관관계는 참외(-0.701), 삶은 닭(-0.664), 사과(-0.659), 우엉조림(-0.632), 배추김치(-0.626), 양갱(-0.624), 오이소박이(-0.618), 삼겹살(-0.618), 갈비찜(-0.615), 생선조림(-0.603) 순으로 강한 음의 관계를 나타내었다. 따라서, 노인의 구강건강 삶의 질 유지와 향상을 위해 21개 이상의 자연치아를 유지하고 자연치아가 상실된 경우 육류와 채소, 과일류를 충분히 섭취할 수 있도록 고정성 보철물 수복이 필요하며 이를 위한 적절한 노인 구강보건사업과 치과 건강보험정책이 고려되어야 할 것이다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.390-396
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• 2014

본 연구는 우리나라 여대생의 치열궁의 크기 및 형태와 교합유형을 조사하고 이들의 관련성을 알아보고자 치위생과 여학생 210명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 PASW 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 통계분석하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. 치열궁의 크기 및 형태와 교합을 산술평균 및 빈도를 분석한 결과 상악의 견치 간 폭경은 34.38 mm, 제1대구치 폭경은 52.05 mm였으며, 견치 장경은 8.60 mm, 제1대구치장경은 28.69 mm였다. 하악은 견치 간 폭경이 26.42 mm, 제1대구치 폭경이 44.83 mm였으며, 장경은 견치가 5.54 mm, 제1대구치가 24.38 mm였다. 치열궁의 형태는 상악에서 정상이 29.0%, 협착이 60.5%, 공극이 10.5%였으며, 하악은 정상이 29.0%, 협착이 55.7%, 공극이 15.2%였다. 교합은 정상이 16.7%였으며, I급 부정교합이 55.7%로 가장 많았고, II급은 20.5%, III급은 7.1%였다. 치열궁의 형태와 교합에 따른 치열궁의 크기를 비교한 결과 하악의 제1대구치 폭경이 치열궁의 형태가 공극인 경우에 45.95로 가장 컸으며, 정상이 44.73, 협착이 44.58을 기록하였다(p=0.032). 치열궁 형태와 교합관계는 상 하악 모두 I, II, III급 부정교합에서 협착이 71.8%, 76.7%, 60.0%와 69.2%, 60.5%, 60.0%로 가장 높았다(p<0.001). 이상의 결과를 종합해보면 과거에 비해 여러 원인으로 치열궁의 장 폭경이 줄어들고 있으며, 협착으로 인한 부정교합이 증가하고 있다. 따라서 정기적인 치과검진과 구강악습관의 관리가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.321-337
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• 2002

본 연구는 경기도 용인시 학고개지역에서 도로건설에 의하여 훼손된 산림지역의 브릿지형 생물이동통로 식재계획을 수립하고자 실시하였다. 연구내용은 대상지 및 주변지역 자연생태계 조사 분석단계와 식재계획단계로 구분하여 실시하였다. 자연생태계 조사분석은 지형구조, 식물군집구조, 동물서식구조를 분석하였으며, 식재계획은 이동종선정, 식재공간구분 및 개념, 식재종 및 식재밀도를 제시하였고, 식재기본계획도를 작성하였다. 대상지의 지형구조는 산림능선을 훼손한 급경사 지형에 브릿지형의 생물이동통로 유형 조성이 가능하였고 동물의 이동은 생물이동통로 양쪽 끝부분에만 가능한 것으로 판단되었다. 식물군집구조 분석은 도로를 기점으로 동서 지역으로 구분하여 실시하였다. 이들 두 지역 모두 산복과 산록부는 졸참나무와 굴참나무가 우점종인 군집이었으며, 능선부에는 소나무림이 토지극상으로 분포하였고 이들 두 지역간 유사성도 높은 상태이었다. 야생동물서식구조는 야생조류와 일부 포유류를 대상으로 하였으며, 야생조류는 총 7종 57개체, 설치류는 2종 2개체가 관찰되었다. 식재계획에서 이동목표종은 야생조류와 일부 포유류로 설정하였고, 이들 종의 이동을 위한 식재공간은 야생조류 이 동 및 서식 공간과 포유류 이동지 역 을 구분하였으며 , 세부적으로 완충지역으로 브릿지 입출구 사면지역의 관목식재지, 차폐식재지, 양쪽 산림지역과 연결된 급경사지역 초본식물 군락식재지, 야생동물 유도식재지 야생조류 이동을 위한 군락식재지, 포유동물 이동을 위한 군락식재지, 야생조류 서식처 조성을 위한 군락식재지로 구분하였다. 식재종은 주변산림지역에서 상재도가 높은 종을 중심으로 선정하였고 각 공간별 식재밀도를 고려하여 식재기본계획도를 작성하였다.