• International Journal of Contents
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.44-52
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• 2019

This paper uses Delphi Method and statistics provided by the State Administration of Market Regulation of China, attempts to develop the scale index of language service industry in China. Coupled with practical investigation and theoretical framework of SCP paradigm, a deep analysis on market behavior, market structure, and market performance of the industry have been explored. First, the study indicates that the scale index of Chinese language services industry has experienced an upward trend from 10.481million RMB in 2008 to 351.403 million RMB in 2017. Second, majority of language services enterprises are situated in Chinese coastal provinces and there are variations in demand for language services. Third, the standardization of language services are minimal while most of the talents involve a single discipline background. Fourth, most enterprises utilize language tools while there is lack of technological innovation for utilization of language resources and enhancement of service quality. The author mainly suggests four strategies which include: cultivating multilingual services, strengthening the development of industrial informatization and technical innovation, and optimizing the industrial talents structure while also adjusting for industrial distribution and regional coordination, which propose the meaningful implications for the development of language service industry in China.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.285-294
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• 2023

The trade dispute between China and the U.S. began before Corona and is easing at this time by bringing new changes to the pendemic, and the development of the Chinese manufacturing industry has increased interdependence between the U.S. and China. However, the overall global trade should be less than before pendemic, and Korea's response strategy should be made serious at this time.However, new changes are taking place again these days. With the recent outbreak of COVID-19 in Shanghai, China, new changes are expected to occur in China's industrial chain. As the Chinese government strictly creates quarantine figures for COVID-19, many factories and companies among industries are forced to close for a while. As economic globalization and division of labor continue to deepen, multinationals choose suppliers and industrial chains within the world to form a global supply chain structure to pursue cost minimization and profit maximization. China is an indispensable part. Whether it is China, the U.S. or Korea, it can be a risk and an opportunity now.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.513-536
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• 2012

This study aims to examine the status and problems of trade risk management of Korean companies in Incheon area trading with China and to suggest some improvement measures. On the survey with twenty five questions on company profiles, business process and transactions, claims and trade risks, etc. with Chinese trading partners, the following facts are found. In general, Chinese policies on foreign trade, finance, labour, investment, etc. and China's logistics system have caused great worries to Korean companies in Incheon area. This kind of risks from Chinese government policies and China's economic structure are beyond control of each company. Korean government should take more effective measures to negotiate with Chinese government. In the stage of contract, procurement and transportation, settlement, disputes resolution and etc. Korean companies in Incheon area also have many problems with relatively high risks with Chinese trading partners. Based on these survey results, some suggestions for better trade risk management are given.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.47-66
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• 2023

Our study aims to explore the impact of China's foreign trade policy measures on the real exchange rate movement. We seek to provide specific references for the formulation of exchange rate and trade-related strategies. Our results indicate that China's bilateral trade is significantly influenced by movements in the Real Effective Exchange Rate (RER). When analyzing the relationship between aggregated trade flow and exchange rate movements, this paper finds that the depreciation of the real exchange rate leads to an increase in China's export volume and a slight decrease in its import volume. Moreover, China's export volume exhibits higher sensitivity to exchange rate volatility compared to the exchange rate level. Furthermore, the empirical findings regarding disaggregated trade flow suggest that different goods are affected differently by exchange rate movements. Capital goods and consumer goods, being in different stages of processing, show no negative impact on their import and export due to exchange rate depreciation. Consequently, we recommend deepening the industry's reform by improving production efficiency and transitioning the industrial structure to a higher processing stage. This approach can effectively reduce the negative impact of exchange rate depreciation.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

Purpose - Since China has been South Korea's biggest export destination, uncertainty shocks originating from it would influence South Korea's exports. This paper evaluates the effects of China's economic policy uncertainty on Korea's exports to explore the transmission channels. Design/methodology - Incorporating endogeneities and nonlinearities, this study employs a quarterly time-varying parameters vector autoregressive model to investigate the relationships between China's economic policy uncertainty and Korea's exports, where the overparameterization due to time-varying specifications is overcome by a novel stochastic model specification search framework. According to previous theoretical studies, this paper assesses two channels, demand shock channel and exchange rate channel, through which foreign uncertainty affects Korea's exports. This paper identifies the primary drivers of Korea's aggregate exports and analyzes the rationales for the time-variant impacts of China's economic policy uncertainty on Korea's exports to China. Findings - Our empirical results reveal that Korea's aggregate exports are less responsive to China's economic policy uncertainty shocks and significantly move together with global demand. In contrast, its bilateral exports to China are highly responsive in a negative and time-variant way. Moreover, Chinese investment is an important channel through which China's economic policy uncertainty affects Korea's exports to China after 2010. Further, the time-variant effects of China's economic policy uncertainty on Korea's exports to China are related to changes in China's foreign trade policies, global economic conditions, and China's degree of economic freedom. Originality/value - Few previous studies touch the effects of external uncertainty shocks on South Korea's exports. This paper attempts to fill this gap and explicitly investigate the impacts of China's economic policy uncertainty on Korea's exports from a time-varying perspective. As Korea is an export-oriented economy, this study provides insights for the Korean government to understand the transmissions of external uncertainty better.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.333-352
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• 2013

Various trade competitiveness-related indices such as TSI, CACI, MCAI, and IITI are applied to examine the trade structure of comparative advantage and complementarity between Jonnama and Chinese on agricultural and Fisheries industry using the data of years 2000-2012 of KITA. The result show that Joennam has specialized in the product of other products of animal origin and preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, other par. The Intra-Industry trade level of Korean agricultural and Fisheries industry were in the trend of uprising with vertical intra-industry pattern dominant among them in the product live trees other live plants, edible vegetables roots, oil seeds oleaginous fruit, other vegetable saps extracts, preparations of cereals flour starch. As expected, Jeonnam region show that the high quality vertical IIT, indicating that Jeonnam export high-priced high quality products to China and import cheap low quality items from China. Finally, the innovation of production system, distribution modernization, value-maximizing strategies were suggested as a strengthening method of competitiveness.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.111-126
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• 2010

This paper provides an empirical investigation of the determinants of current accounts utilizing an exchange rate (ER), terms of trade (NET), industrial activity (IPI), world import volume (WIM), trade share of the China and Japan (CHJP), proportion of service trade (SERV). The period examined is 1991:1 through 2010:2. It is tested under different cases such as whether variables were cointegrated and whether there was an equilibrium relationship. The result showed that the hypothesis of no cointegrated vector could be rejected at the 5 percent level. The estimated error correction model showed that adjustment speed is fast. This paper also applies impulse-response functions to get additional information by considering the responses of the current account to the shocks of economic variables. The results indicate that current account responds negatively to industrial activity and proportion of service trade, and then decays very quickly.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.37-57
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• 2022

Purpose -International diplomacy is key for the cohesive economic growth of countries around the world. This study aims to identify the major topics discussed and make sense of word pairs used in sentences by Chinese senior leaders during their diplomatic visits. It also compares the differences between key topics addressed during diplomatic visits to developed and developing countries. Design/methodology - We employed three methods: word frequency, co-word, and semantic network analysis. Text data are crawling state and official visit news released by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China regarding diplomatic visits undertaken from 2015-2019. Findings - The results show economic and diplomatic relations most prominently during state and official visits. The discussion topics were classified according to nine centrality keywords most central to the structure and had the maximum influence in China. Moreover, the results showed that China's diplomatic issues and strategies differ between developed and developing countries. The topics mentioned in developing countries were more diverse. Originality/value - Our study proposes an effective approach to identify key topics in Chinese diplomatic talks with other countries. Moreover, it shows that discussion topics differ for developed and developing countries. The findings of this research can help researchers conduct empirical studies on diplomacy relationships and extend our method to other countries. Additionally, it can significantly help key policymakers gain insights into negotiations and establish a good diplomatic relationship with China.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.43-69
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• 2021

As the trade linkages and the financial relationship between China and Korea grow stronger, China's influence on Korea is also growing larger. Therefore, it is meaningful to examine key features of Chinese monetary policy operations and the current situation, and to analyze the transmission mechanism of China's monetary policy shocks onto the Korea economy. China's monetary policy shocks can have an impact on the Korea economy through the trade, financial and oil-price channels. In the trade channel, an expansionary Chinese monetary policy can increase Korea's exports of intermediate goods to China under the vertical trade structure, via the vertical trade integration effect. Meanwhile, the expenditure switching effect and the income demand effect show no statistical significance. In the financial and oil-price channels, expansionary Chinese monetary policy shocks can decrease the interest rate and increase both stock prices and the consumer price index in Korea through changes in global portfolio capital flows, interest rates, and raw material prices.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.267-279
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• 2023

The objective of this paper is to examine the legal framework governing the import and export of grain in China, a pivotal factor in shaping policies aimed at stabilizing South Korea's foreign trade and grain imports. Through this analysis, it is observed that China's foreign trade system, governed by the Foreign Trade Act, exhibits a notable absence of clear delineation regarding the scope and responsibility for the delegation of authority to foreign trade management agencies. In contrast, Korea's Foreign Trade Law, along with its enforcement decree and management regulations, explicitly outlines the scope and responsibilities pertaining to the delegation of authority to foreign trade management. However, in the case of China's revised Foreign Trade Law, there exists a lack of precision in specifying the delegation of authority to foreign trade management. This creates a potential for discretionary intervention by local governments or other administrative bodies. While China's legal system concerning grain imports and exports aligns with WTO regulations in its institutional framework, attention is warranted due to the vagueness in laws or regulations, as well as the presence of irrational and non-transparent procedures during system operation. As conclusion remarks, while China's legal structure related to grain imports and exports conforms to WTO guidelines overall, the identified issues such as legal ambiguity and non-transparent procedures underscore the need for caution. To safeguard against potential challenges in future trade interactions with China, proactive measures are crucial to address these concerns.