• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.47-58
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• 2019

According to the Korea Ministry of Transportation report in 2015, domestic used car trade (3.66million) is twice the number of new car sales (1.84million). However, contrary to the quantitative growth of the used car trading volume, chaotic used-car market practice has not been improved and also, space that holds these markets (facilities) has remained at a very low level of quality. Lemon Market, asymmetry of information, false bait, tout, dual contracts, negative words that qualify the used car market information are still in place. The aim of this study was to understand the unique circumstances of the used car sales market distinguished from new cars, and to analyse the problems of recent domestic used car market facilities and afterwards to draw guidelines for new used car facility architecture. Through literature review, surveys, the characteristics of domestic used car market have been organised and field research and competitive analysis of the Korea used car market architecture is followed. As a result, empirical guideline for Korea used-car market facility is introduced.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.215-223
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• 2017

The purpose of the present study is to identify the differences of customer preference in online and offline used car business. Conjoint analysis is used for examining the attributes of used car choices. As a result, the order of importance in real used car market is as follows: brand, design, price, model, mileage. Whereas the order of importance in online used car market is as follows: brand, trust, price, web design, accident. Accordingly, the author suggested that customer preferences depend on the path people are approaching and the attributes of preference vary in online and real stores. For example, trust and accident are important attributes in online market in comparison with real market. Used car market is increasing and becoming important. The authorities and practitioners need to understand used car market and establish the related policies.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.157-176
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• 2012

Brand switching data frequently used in market structure analysis is adequate to analyze non- durable goods, because it can capture competition between specific two brands. But brand switching data sometimes can not be used to analyze goods like automobiles having long term duration because one of main assumptions that consumer preference toward brand attributes is not changed against time can be violated. Therefore a new type of data which can precisely capture competition among durable goods is needed. Another problem of using brand switching data collected from actual purchase behavior is short of explanation why consumers consider different set of brands. Considering above problems, main purpose of this study is to analyze market structure for durable goods with consideration set. The author uses exploratory approach and latent class clustering to identify market structure based on heterogeneous consideration set among consumers. Then the relationship between some factors and consideration set formation is analyzed. Some benefits and two demographic variables - age and income - are selected as factors based on consumer behavior theory. The author analyzed USA automotive market with top 11 brands using exploratory approach and latent class clustering. 2,500 respondents are randomly selected from the total sample and used for analysis. Six models concerning market structure are established to test. Model 1 means non-structured market and model 6 means market structure composed of six sub-markets. It is exploratory approach because any hypothetical market structure is not defined. The result showed that model 1 is insufficient to fit data. It implies that USA automotive market is a structured market. Model 3 with three market structures is significant and identified as the optimal market structure in USA automotive market. Three sub markets are named as USA brands, Asian Brands, and European Brands. And it implies that country of origin effect may exist in USA automotive market. Comparison between modal classification by derived market structures and probabilistic classification by research model was conducted to test how model 3 can correctly classify respondents. The model classify 97% of respondents exactly. The result of this study is different from those of previous research. Previous research used confirmatory approach. Car type and price were chosen as criteria for market structuring and car type-price structure was revealed as the optimal structure for USA automotive market. But this research used exploratory approach without hypothetical market structures. It is not concluded yet which approach is superior. For confirmatory approach, hypothetical market structures should be established exhaustively, because the optimal market structure is selected among hypothetical structures. On the other hand, exploratory approach has a potential problem that validity for derived optimal market structure is somewhat difficult to verify. There also exist market boundary difference between this research and previous research. While previous research analyzed seven car brands, this research analyzed eleven car brands. Both researches seemed to represent entire car market, because cumulative market shares for analyzed brands exceeds 50%. But market boundary difference might affect the different results. Though both researches showed different results, it is obvious that country of origin effect among brands should be considered as important criteria to analyze USA automotive market structure. This research tried to explain heterogeneity of consideration sets among consumers using benefits and two demographic factors, sex and income. Benefit works as a key variable for consumer decision process, and also works as an important criterion in market segmentation. Three factors - trust/safety, image/fun to drive, and economy - are identified among nine benefit related measure. Then the relationship between market structures and independent variables is analyzed using multinomial regression. Independent variables are three benefit factors and two demographic factors. The result showed that all independent variables can be used to explain why there exist different market structures in USA automotive market. For example, a male consumer who perceives all benefits important and has lower income tends to consider domestic brands more than European brands. And the result also showed benefits, sex, and income have an effect to consideration set formation. Though it is generally perceived that a consumer who has higher income is likely to purchase a high priced car, it is notable that American consumers perceived benefits of domestic brands much positive regardless of income. Male consumers especially showed higher loyalty for domestic brands. Managerial implications of this research are as follow. Though implication may be confined to the USA automotive market, the effect of sex on automotive buying behavior should be analyzed. The automotive market is traditionally conceived as male consumers oriented market. But the proportion of female consumers has grown over the years in the automotive market. It is natural outcome that Volvo and Hyundai motors recently developed new cars which are targeted for women market. Secondly, the model used in this research can be applied easier than that of previous researches. Exploratory approach has many advantages except difficulty to apply for practice, because it tends to accompany with complicated model and to require various types of data. The data needed for the model in this research are a few items such as purchased brands, consideration set, some benefits, and some demographic factors and easy to collect from consumers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.33-40
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• 2013

Purpose - This study, in seeking to understand the trade structure of both Korea and China, aims to strengthen Korea-China economic cooperation; it examines trade impediments by analyzing the problems affecting trade and addressing these problems, thereby discovering ways to expand trade between these countries. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The index of trade intensity developed by the trade intensity theory (Kruger, 1997) is used to analyze the trade decision factors of both countries. Although specific factors should have materialized from the analysis of trade decision factors, determining concrete explanations is difficult in reality, as there are many unsolved and diverse factors. Results - First, the index of A value/B value is the index of Korean versus Chinese market share/Korean versus world market share, which is a measure of comparative market intensity. Second, Korea has a comparative advantage in export specialization and, conversely, China has a comparative advantage in import specialization. Third, compared to 2000, the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) indexes are considerably improved. Conclusions - This study used quantitative measurement for analysis, applying trade intensity theory, trade specialization, and RCA indexes to gauge how inter-trade relations have changed between Korea and China during the past 10 years (2000, 2005, and 2012).

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.673-689
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• 2019

The Internet enables businesses to acquire a great deal of information, including prices in the open markets. In this study, we investigate what the value of reference price information is to a company in the market and how the company can make use of such information. Using business analytics, we were able to estimate prices of used cars for a rent-a-car company. The results show that a smart pricing information system is useful for collecting online reference price information and for estimating future prices of used cars and rental prices.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.101-133
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• 2014

Climate change and low-carbon consumer movement is demanding proper response around the world while rising oil price increases consumers' needs for green car. As a preliminary study to establish an industrial platform for green car and bring out corporate strategies, this article aims to propose an academic research framework by using various methodologies including conceptual/mathematical modeling, system dynamics, and ABM from different angles. First, an analysis framework for the industrial platform was introduced to analyze green car cases, required elements were proposed, and econometrics was applied to build a basic model related to green platform (two-sided market). Also, to analyze from a dynamic perspective, a system dynamics model was applied to green car environment to build a system dynamics analysis model that is applicable to particular green car industry analysis. Lastly, an agent based model was used to study the way to activate the hybrid car market in Korea from individual consumers' perspective. Based on the result, vehicle policies that are either being enforced or planned to be enforced in the Korean HEV market can be analyzed.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.99-116
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• 2012

As a way to allocate lots of orders to many participants for vehicle allocation problem, this study has used an agent negotiation based reverse auction model. This agent negotiation provides coordination functions allowing all participants to make a profit, and accomplishing Pareto optimum solution from the viewpoint of a whole trucking cargo transportation network. In order to build a strategic cooperation relationship based on information sharing, this agent negotiation provides a coordination mechanism in which all the participants including consignors, brokerage firms, and car owners are able to attain their own profits, and also that ensure a competitive market. This study has tried to prove that the result of an agent-based negotiation is the Pareto optimal solution under the present market environment. We established a mathematical formulation for a comparison with the Integer Programming model, and analysing e-Marketplace, structure of shipping expenses and brokerage system in the trucking cargo transportation industry.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.330-344
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• 2023

This research report cuts across management sciences (market strategy entry mode development) and innovative technology (Electric Vehicle (EV)) alongside measures to submerge global warming. The development of a successful entry mode for the electric Vehicle into the African continent is the main objective of the study. The study focuses on an analysis of how electric car manufacturers can enter the African market in other to achieve global sustainability and social responsibility. The methodology is based on identifying the factors that affect the choice of an entry mode into international markets by multinational companies desiring to leverage their revenue through a foreign market. It also offered a quantitative approach that can support the economic and sustainability entry mode model for EVs and a qualitative approach of Porter's five forces analysis as an entry mode coaching tool for EVs. These proxies are used in quite a wide range of multivariate statistical methods (trend analysis, ratio, and probability, comparative t-test technique, auto-regression, and ordinary least square technique). The result acknowledges joint venture and setting of the plant (physical presents) as the optimal entry mode in African EV market. It requires the EV manufacturers a tire-free emission innovation technology in order to optimize the global sustainability initiative.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.388-393
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• 2012

Recently, various attempts are made to increase the efficiency of railway freight transport including bulk cement, the most important transport item of railway transport market. The major seven cement companies have started common use of private bulk cement car since April 2008 for the efficiency of railway freight transport. At that time, major seven cement companies owned 75% of whole bulk cement car. Railway companies forecasted that this project will decrease the amount of cost and transport time of freight car. With these data, it analyzed the effectiveness of the joint use of freight car on actual used data.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.530-531
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• 2008

Recently, navigation system is widely accepted for many car users for its versatile facilities. In Korea, many navigation system include DMB (digial multimedia broadcasting) which is mobile TV broadcasting system standard in Korea. However, there is little works on the navigation systems for the European market where the DVB-T can be used for the multimedia broadcasting. Thus, in this work the navigation system with DVB-T is developed and tested for European market resulting increased profits for the navigation manufacturers.