• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.69-88
• /
• 2022

Recently, International commerce has continuously expanded with the development of logistics technology. However, the cost of international logistics is rising rapidly. The Korea International Trade Association (2021) proposes that the use of international commercial terms in Incoterms® could be an effective way against logistics costs. The purpose of this study is to verify the effect on the flexible operation of international commercial terms. For the detection of variables and data collection for empirical analysis based on previous studies and in-depth interviews. The questionnaires were distributed after pilot-study to a random sample of companies based on the list of members such as the Korea International Trade Association, the Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency, and the Global Small and Medium Business Association. A total of 800 questionnaires were distributed, and 166 were used for empirical analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, mutual cooperation and Flexibly using of international commercial terms has a positive (+) effect on logistics efficiency. This is in line with the study of Yang (2021) and Stojanović et al. (2021) that logistics by using international commercial terms will increase the efficiency of logistics. Second, use of international commercial terms based on mutual understanding mediates the relationship between the logistics environment of the other country and the logistics efficiency. As in the study of Vidrova (2020), it is important to operate on international commercial terms mutually.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.231-247
• /
• 2010

This paper starts with a brief overview of the history of the European Space Agency and recalls some of its main features. Next, the gradual process of cooperation between ESA and the EU is outlined, leading to the creation of the Framework Agreement in 2004 and the adoption of the European Space Policy in 2007. The entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty in 2009 codified the space competence of the EU, and its implications are addressed. Lastly, some attention is paid to the issue of space security in Europe, through ESA's new SSA programme adopted in 2008, and to the relevance of the EU Council initiative for a Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities in 2008. The paper ends with some conclusions.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.114-120
• /
• 2021

This study aims to discover how self-esteem and social competence in early childhood affect school adjustment in elementary school. This study used the 7th year (2014) and 10th year (2017) of the panel study on Korean children, which are longitudinal research data from the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education (KICCE). Pearson's correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used as the main statistical analysis methods. The analysis was performed using the the Spss 21.0 program. As a result of this study, peer acceptance among early childhood's self-esteem, assertion, cooperation, and self-control among social competence have influences on adjustment to elementary school life. This study is meaningful in that it is a longitudinal study conducted with a time difference for 3 years with the same subjects in order to investigate the influence of the inner factors of early childhood on school adjustment in elementary school.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.879-885
• /
• 2018

Precedent research and development of personal armor and anti-stab wearing system has been conducted since 2018 as a part of the government-affiliated cooperative development project to create the best utilization of present technology and achievement according to the civil and military technical cooperation project promotion law. At present, the armor system operated by the ROK(Republic of Korea) military, the police, and the marine police is utilizing only basic armor using armor vests and plates. Therefore it is necessary to develop the personal armor and anti-stab wearing system which is suitable for various tasks in army with maximum protection capability. In this paper, we analyzed the study about international technologies, market trends of the developed countries and scope of research, utilization plan, R&D results for the best armor and anti-stab wearing system development.

• Journal of Korean language education
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.181-210
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the needs of KOICA learners and to suggest some points to be considered in the development of a Korean language curriculum for KOICA Scholarship Program participants. For this purpose, the researcher first constructed questionnaires for analyzing learner needs based on the primary characteristics of learners that can be observed in actual education sites, and conducted a questionnaire survey for 71 trainees from the 'Graduate School of International Studies'(GSIS) and the 'Graduate School of Public Administration'(GSPA) in Seoul National University. Based on the analysis of the results, the researcher proposed several points to consider in terms of objectives, contents of education, methods of teaching, distribution of class time, textbooks and etc. in the development of a Korean language curriculum for KOICA learners. The 'KOICA Scholarship Program' is expected to continue to be implemented in the future, and it is expected that the development of a customized curriculum and corresponding textbooks for KOICA learners will soon be provided by governmental agencies. The researcher hopes that the results of this study can serve as useful reference.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.245-255
• /
• 2024

This study will look at various implications of China's resumption of trade with Korea, such as trade restructuring, changes in trade policies and the impact on corporate competitiveness, and how the two countries resolved trade disputes. We will evaluate the evolution of trade between China and Korea from a historical and economic perspective, analyze how policy changes have shaped corporate strategies, and discuss how these changes have affected both countries' positions in the global economy. Through this study, we aim to provide a deeper understanding of regional economic cooperation and global economic governance and insight into future policy decisions.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.148-157
• /
• 2011

Objectives: Although compensation for occupational injuries and diseases is guaranteed in almost all nations, countries vary greatly with respect to how they organize workers' compensation systems. In this paper, we focus on three aspects of workers' compensation insurance in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries - types of systems, employers' funding mechanisms, and coverage for injured workers - and their impacts on the actual frequencies of occupational injuries and diseases. Methods: We estimated a panel data fixed effect model with cross-country OECD and International Labor Organization data. We controlled for country fixed effects, relevant aggregate variables, and dummy variables representing the occupational accidents data source. Results: First, the use of a private insurance system is found to lower the occupational accidents. Second, the use of risk-based pricing for the payment of employer raises the occupational injuries and diseases. Finally, the wider the coverage of injured workers is, the less frequent the workplace accidents are. Conclusion: Private insurance system, fixed flat rate employers' funding mechanism, and higher coverage of compensation scheme are significantly and positively correlated with lower level of occupational accidents compared with the public insurance system, risk-based funding system, and lower coverage of compensation scheme.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.83-90
• /
• 2004

Preventive measures and control over cyber terrorism in Korea is a complex problem. Today laws should meet requirements made by modern technologies development, Law enforcement, special services and judicial system cooperation, their efforts coordination and their material security are priority directions, None of the country is able to prevent cyber terror independently and international cooperation in this field is vital. Taking the above into consideration, we propose and inisit that National Intelligence Service(NIS) should share cyber terror data with Police Agency and have top police authority over the cyber terror.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.5434-5441
• /
• 2013

Using longitudinal data of 575 sample from 122 firms in large business conglomerates from 2001 to 2008, this study examines the impact of controlling shareholders' control-ownership disparity on executive compensation. The empirical study finds that controlling shareholders' control-ownership disparity is negatively related to the level of executive compensation and moderate negatively the relation between firm performance and executive compensation. This finding suggests that controlling shareholders' control rights in excess of ownership rights lead to decreased executive compensation in order to relieve the concerns of stakeholder about the potential agency costs of controlling shareholder, and have, on the other hand, entrenchment effects on the decision of executive compensation by decreasing its sensitivity on firm performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.122-127
• /
• 2009

In this paper, it is reviewed security architecture and proposed security model about secure aeronautical system, which is considering in the cynical research topics out of aeronautical traffic system. The reviewed contents is treated about security model fur domestic aeronautical system with international security technology trends in the basis of security technology related aeronautical services. In the security framework of aeronautical communication network, it is analyzed data link security technology between air and ground communication, and security architecture in according to aeronautical system, and presented security architecture of U information HUB model. The security architecture of U-information HUB includes the internetworking scope of airline, airport network, airplane network, and related government agency, etc.