• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.71
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• pp.267-296
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• 2016

National Competency Standards (NCS) is the knowledge, technology and attitude a country has organized by its industry sectors and levels to necessary to fulfill the duties in the industrial filed. NCS has been standardized in the national dimension to successfully execute the duties of the industrial site. Currently, many universities of South Korea have opened courses on trade practices however, these courses are not consistent in the execution of criteria and unit of export-import management competency of the NCS and not established well-balanced. This study explains the concepts and structure of the NCS, analyzes the execution criteria and unit of export-import management competency of the NCS and presents the subjects that need to be reinforced or established in the future based on the current status of the curriculum. Departments of Trade practices need to recognize the changes in the trading environment, boldly straighten the existing subjects which overlap or do not conform to changes by using the NCS skills analysis and establish new courses that match for the era to recover original competitiveness of Trade Department.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.67-83
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• 1997

The utility of learning techniques in investment analysis has been demonstrated in many areas, ranging from forecasting individual stocks to entire market indexes. To date, however, the application of artificial intelligence to financial forecasting has focused largely on short predictive horizons. Usually the forecast window is a single period ahead; if the input data involve daily observations, the forecast is for one day ahead; if monthly observations, then a month ahead; and so on. Thus far little work has been conducted on the efficacy of long-term prediction involving multiperiod forecasting. This paper examines the impact of alternative procedures for extended prediction using knowledge discovery techniques. One dimension in the study involves temporal granularity: a single jump from the present period to the end of the forecast window versus a web of short-term forecasts involving a sequence of single-period predictions. Another parameter relates to the numerosity of input variables: a technical approach involving only lagged observations of the target variable versus a fundamental approach involving multiple variables. The dual possibilities along each of the granularity and numerosity dimensions entail a total of 4 models. These models are first evaluated using neural networks, then compared against a multi-input jump model using case based reasoning. The computational models are examined in the context of forecasting the S&P 500 index.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.22-35
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• 2013

In this study, we analyzed the problems of grade 3~4 science textbooks developed for the 2007 revised national curriculum raised by elementary school teachers. 53 elementary school teachers were selected and asked to complete the open questionnaire to find out the problems they experienced or perceived when they taught the corresponding unit of the science textbooks. The responses were coded and categorized through researchers' cross analysis. The result revealed various problems in using the science textbooks in real classroom context. The problems were divided into three dimensions as inquiry activity aspect, science knowledge aspect, and science learning assessment aspect. Each dimension consisted of several categories. We explained the frequency and representative examples of the problems in each category. These can provide some guidelines and implications for new science textbook developers and science education policy makers.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 1999

The purpose of this case study is to explore the difference of hospice care and the efficiency of hospice education, by comparing the care of the nurse, the volunteer and the minister who have been trained by the Hospice Education Program. The index of common hospice care delivered by cases is that 1) the physical problems (pain, physical discomfort, incontinece, nausea, vomiting etc.) 2) the family problems(family support, change of family function, inefficiency, preparing the death of family) 3) the psychiatric problems(grief and sadness of death, anxiety, fear, helplessness). The case of volunteer and minister is different with the hospice care by nurse, because it is some what related to Christian's base. The index of care by the volunteer and minister is pertaining to social support and spiritual support for family and dying patient. In conclusion, for the wholistic hospice care, we need the hospice caregiver who have diverse background and expert in knowledge of various dimension. For that, it is necessary to build and develop hospice education program as a team apprach, which indudes a systematic expertizing items for care in consideration of caregiver's background.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.132-136
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• 2017

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the small intestine is a rare tumor, accounting for about 1% of all malignant mesenchymal lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. Since small bowel tumors are initially asymptomatic and nonspecific, delayed diagnosis and treatment are common. We found that a 44-year-old male patient who came in for lower abdominal pain had partial obstruction in the small bowel. Multiple ascites and ileal tumors involving peritoneal seeding were observed from his abdominal computed tomography. He was diagnosed as epithelioid LMS involving peritoneal transition after surgical resection, and the outpatient department has planned for a conservative therapy with observation. To the best of our knowledge, ileal epithelioid LMS accompanying a huge omental mass, with a size of 18 cm in dimension, and peritoneal seeding has not yet been reported in Korea. We report this rare case with literature review.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

The growth of Bandung's tourism industry has had a massive impact on the hotel sector. Most tourists visiting Bandung are domestic tourists and tend to be modest spenders fitting the profile of a mid-market (2/3 star) hotel guest. As competition has increased mid-market hotels have come under pressure from upmarket (4/5 star) and budget hotels committed to cutting prices. There is also competition with the mid-market hotel sector, which means that the 2/3 star hotels have to keep innovating in order to remain competitive. This study uses the Service Quality framework to describe customer expectations and identify gaps in hotel services. A questionnaire survey of 105 local tourists who had stayed in 2/3 star hotels in Bandung showed that the most important dimension is responsiveness, following by reliability, assurance, tangibles and empathy. Thus we conclude that local tourists' primary expectations are that hotels will deliver the service they have promised, be responsive to guests' needs and comply with service standards. Furthermore, these findings validate the earlier prediction that comparing 2/3 star hotel with 5/4 start hotel, the customers are having preliminary knowledge on facilities limitation and friendliness. Tourists using 2/3 star hotels tend to be prepared to accept limited facilities and less friendly staff service.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.539-551
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• 2005

Finite elements based on isoparametric formulation are known to suffer spurious stiffness properties and corresponding stress oscillations, even when care is taken to ensure that completeness and continuity requirements are enforced. This occurs frequently when the physics of the problem requires multiple strain components to be defined. This kind of error, commonly known as locking, can be circumvented by using reduced integration techniques to evaluate the element stiffness matrices instead of the full integration that is mathematically prescribed. However, the reduced integration technique itself can have a further drawback - rank deficiency, which physically implies that spurious energy modes (e.g., hourglass modes) are introduced because of reduced integration. Such instability in an existing stiffness matrix is generally detected by means of an eigenvalue test. In this paper we show that a knowledge of the dimension of the solution space spanned by the column vectors of the strain-displacement matrix can be used to identify the instabilities arising in an element due to reduced/selective integration techniques a priori, without having to complete the element stiffness matrix formulation and then test for zero eigenvalues.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.682-687
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• 2005

Behavioral sequences of the medaka(Oryzias latipes) were investigated through an image system in response to medaka treated with the insecticide and medaka not treated with the insecticide, diazinon(0.1 mg/1). After much observation, behavioral patterns could be divided into 4 patterns: active smooth, active shaking, inactive smooth, and inactive shaking. These patterns were analyzed by 5 features: speed ratio, x and y axes projection, FFT to angle transition, fractal dimension, and center of mass. Each pattern was classified using decision tree. It provide a natural way to incorporate prior knowledge from human experts in fish behavior, The main focus of this study was to determine whether the decision tree could be useful in interpreting and classifying behavior patterns of the animal.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2018

This study found the digital divide of Korean elderly persons on the basis of the 2013-2017 survey data of the perception of media information adopters. The studied media were traditional ones, such as newspaper and TV. The media dependence of those in their 20s to 60s was compared and analyzed. As a result, regarding their dependence on newspaper, elderly persons in their 60s had 20.7% on average, 13.6% higher than the percentage (7.1%) of young persons. Regarding their dependence on TV, those in their 60s had 97.6% and those in their 20s had 63.7%, so that there was a wide gap of 33.9% on average. The smartphone penetration rate of those in their 60s was 61.3%(2015-2017) on average, which tended to rise. The elderly's dependence on traditional media featured Digital Divide which is found in the informatization process. Accordingly, in order to solve their digital divide, it is required to expand education in line with their knowledge level through remote online centers, develop inclusive ICT for convenience, and change philosophical policy paradigm in the dimension of quality of life.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2002

This is the study about the efficient operation management of family restaurant employee. This study focus on the establishment and proposal of the efficient management plan of family restaurant industry's worker by the result which was analyzed statistically. In the side of employee's management, It will have to try to become accomplished a policy of public welfare possible to understand and the both direction communication that it will be able to understand with each other to understand. Also the possibility of incentive in order to be, must endeavor as continuation of the holiday duration when is not the money compensation which is simple even from compensation dimension, the holiday system which is various. In the side of employee's development training as providing the chance possibility of ability development there is a possibility where a satisfaction the business enterprise of family restaurant industry's worker will lead and occupation it will feel and the continuous training against the field which the oneself inside the store is keeping it leads and the knowledge. In the conclusion, the study of the human resources and the efficient human resources who is the possibility the manager and worker for being satisfactory should be go on.