• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2004

Magnetism of molecular nanomagnet, which attracted a lot of academic attention after the discovery of the macroscopic quantum tunneling of magnetism, is reviewed. Molecular nanomagnet is metal-organic material in which magnetic ions are regularly located in the organic skeleton. Also, the interaction between the molecules is very small and those molecules form macroscopic molecular crystal in which molecules are residing at the element points in the crystal. Molecular nanomagnets show a lot of interesting features, especially, equivalence of macroscopic magnetic properties and molecular magnetic properties. In this paper, research results on molecular nanomagnet with microscopic tool like NMR are reviewed mainly. The new method to observe the quantum tunneling of magnetization discovered in Mnl2-ac with NMR is shown and the research results on the microscopic aspects of the macroscopic quantum tunneling of magnetization using the new method are shown. Also, the physical aspect of the level crossing effect which has been reported originally with NMR in molecular nanomagnet is reviewed with experiment results. The research results on the molecular nanomagnets will reveal the important information about the limit of the miniaturization of magnetic memory units and give us the basic scientific knowledge which is needed for the application for the quantum computation. Moreover, academically, many quantum mechanical theories which have not been checked the validity can be checked with experiments.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.465-489
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to suggest implications for the development and revision of future teaching materials for mathematically gifted students by using network text analysis of secondary mathematics materials. Subjects of the analysis were learning goals of 110 teaching materials in a gifted education center in science attached to a university from 2002 to 2014. In analysing the frequency of the texts that appeared in the learning goals, key words were selected. A co-occurrence matrix of the key words was established, and a basic information of network, centrality, centralization, component, and k-core were deducted. For the analysis, KrKwic, KrTitle, and NetMiner4.0 programs were used, respectively. The results of this study were as follows. First, there was a pivot of the network formed with core hubs including 'diversity', 'understanding' 'concept' 'method', 'application', 'connection' 'problem solving', 'basic', 'real life', and 'thinking ability' in the whole network from 2002 to 2014. In addition, knowledge aspects were well reflected in teaching materials based on the centralization analysis. Second, network text analysis based on the three periods of the Mater Plan for the promotion of gifted education was conducted. As a result, a network was built up with 'understanding', and there were strong ties among 'question', 'answer', and 'problem solving' regardless of the periods. On the contrary, the centrality analysis showed that 'communication', 'discovery', and 'proof' only appeared in the first, second, and third period of Master Plan, respectively. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that affective aspects and activities with high cognitive process should be accompanied, and learning goals' mannerism and ahistoricism be prevented in developing and revising teaching materials.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.412-428
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to identify the teaching professionalism of the two teachers for secondary science-gifted students in perspective of teaching orientations. Both teachers have been taught biology to secondary science-gifted students for more than six years and they have received in-service training in gifted education. Teachers' orientations were investigated through in-depth interviews and observing lessons. For the data collection, videotapes were recorded during two lessons and two in-depth interviews for each participant were conducted. All recorded data were carefully transcribed and analyzed. Some unique characteristics of teaching were identified from the class instruction of each participant. Both teachers revealed 'Open Inquiry' orientation. This was reflected by their educational goals and beliefs that they should help science-gifted students to grow themselves as scientists by enhancing their inquisitiveness and creative problem solving ability. However, each teacher had shown different teaching orientations such as 'Academic Rigor' and 'Discovery' that seemed to have influence on the level or the range of subject matter covered in the classes. Teachers' science teaching orientations have been changed by their subject of teaching and their experiences in teaching the gifted. In the process, teachers' educational philosophy about gifted education plays an important role in teaching orientation. Based on the ongoing teachers' efforts for enhancing his/her professionalism, the teachers seemed to critically review theoretical knowledge of the science teachers in gifted education through self-reflection on their own teaching methods. When teacher's educational philosophy about gifted education was established and internalized, science teaching orientations in teaching practice seemed to be consistent with his/her goal of teaching.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.372-388
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• 2018

Objective: This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: Using the keywords "benign prostatic hyperplasia", "benign prostatic hypertrophy", "benign prostatic enlargement", "prostatic hyperplasia", and "moxibustion", we searched papers in numerous databases, including National Discovery for Science Leaders (NDSL), Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal (KTKP), Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL. The search range included randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Papers not matched with inclusion criteria were excluded. The methodological quality of each RCT was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Where appropriate, meta-analyses were performed. Results: Initially, 77 studies were found. Of these, 11 duplicate studies were removed and 27 were excluded following title and abstract screening. After the remaining 39 papers were scanned, 13 RCTs were selected and analyzed. Among these 13 RCTs, five compared moxibustion therapy and oral medication, seven compared moxibustion plus acupuncture therapy and oral medication, and one compared moxibustion plus acupuncture therapy and sham-moxibustion. The meta-analysis showed positive results for the use of moxibustion therapy in terms of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality Of Life (QOL), Maximum Flow Rate (Qmax), Prostate Volume (PV), and the efficacy rate. The meta-analysis showed positive results for the use of moxibustion plus acupuncture therapy in terms of IPSS, QOL, and the efficacy rate. Conclusions: This meta-analysis of clinical trials suggests that moxibustion is effective intreating BPH patients. The results of this study could be applied to clinical treatment of BPH. However, additional large-scale clinical researches should be conducted.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study was to draw attention toward so called 'behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia(bvFTD) phenocopy syndrome', which is difficult to discriminate with the primary psychiatric disorders, showing poor response to conventional therapeutic drugs, leading to higher risk to misdiagnoses and legal problems. Furthermore, the author insisted that our interest and study on them must be continued. Methods : English articles published during 2000 thru 2016 had been searched by internet with the combination of words such as 'frontotemporal', 'phenocopy' and 'behavioral', and reviewed. Besides, two clinical vignettes were described. Results : Precise diagnosis is important because patients' behavioral symptoms can influence on their families and community. However, disease-modifying treatment for bvFTD are not developed until now, and recent therapeutic drugs are only good for specific symptoms, while deterioration progresses in spite of proper psychiatric management. The possible bvFTD patients are not progressed into probable bvFTD clinically, showing no decline of cogntive and social function, no decrease of activity function, longer survival time, and normal neuroimaging for several years. Conclusions : Rather than expected, there are much more patients having clinical symptoms, course and diagnostic findings including neuroimaging, which are atypical to classical frontotemporal dementia and primary psychiatric disorders. If our knowledge and discriminating ability is improved, discovery rate of that cases will be increased. However, the identity of these atypical features are not clarified until now, it must be further actively investigated.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.153-177
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• 2001

Nowadays, product recommendation is one of the important issues regarding both CRM and Internet shopping mall. Generally, a recommendation system tracks past actions of a group of users to make a recommendation to individual members of the group. The computer-mediated marketing and commerce have grown rapidly and thereby automatic recommendation methodologies have got great attentions. But the researches and commercial tools for product recommendation so far, still have many aspects that merit further considerations. To supplement those aspects, we devise a recommendation methodology by which we can get further recommendation effectiveness when applied to Internet shopping mall. The suggested methodology is based on web log information, product taxonomy, association rule mining, and decision tree learning. To implement this we also design and intelligent Internet shopping mall support system based on agent technology and develop it as a prototype system. We applied this methodology and the prototype system to a leading Korean Internet shopping mall and provide some experimental results. Through the experiment, we found that the suggested methodology can perform recommendation tasks both effectively and efficiently in real world problems. Its systematic validity issues are also discussed.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.115-126
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• 2012

Mashups have become very popular over the last few years, and their use also varies for IT convergency services. In spite of their popularity, there are several challenging issues when combining Open APIs into mashups, First, since portal sites may have a large number of APIs available for mashups, manually searching and finding compatible APIs can be a tedious and time-consuming task. Second, none of the existing portal sites provides a way to leverage semantic techniques that have been developed to assist users in locating and integrating APIs like those seen in traditional SOAP-based web services. Third, although suitable APIs have been discovered, the integration of these APIs is required for in-depth programming knowledge. To solve these issues, we first show that existing techniques and algorithms used for finding and matching SOAP-based web services can be reused, with only minor changes. Next, we show how the characteristics of APIs can be syntactically defined and semantically described, and how to use the syntactic and semantic descriptions to aid the easy discovery and composition of Open APIs. Finally, we propose a goal-directed interactive approach for the dynamic composition of APIs, where the final mashup is gradually generated by a forward chaining of APIs. At each step, a new API is added to the composition.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.7143-7147
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• 2013

Background: The survival outcomes for women presenting with early breast cancer are influenced by treatment decisions. In Malaysia, survival outcome is generally poor due to late presentation. Of those who present early, many refuse treatment for complementary therapy. Objective: This study aimed to explore the decision making experiences of women with early breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study using individual in-depth interviews was conducted to capture the decision making process of women with early breast cancer in Malaysia. We used purposive sampling to recruit women yet to undergo surgical treatment. A total of eight participants consented and were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. These women were recruited from a period of one week after they were informed of their diagnoses. A topic guide, based on the Ottawa decision support framework (ODSF), was used to facilitate the interviews, which were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using a thematic approach. Results: We identified four phases in the decision-making process of women with early breast cancer: discovery (pre-diagnosis); confirmatory ('receiving bad news'); deliberation; and decision (making a decision). These phases ranged from when women first discovered abnormalities in their breasts to them making final surgical treatment decisions. Information was vital in guiding these women. Support from family members, friends, healthcare professionals as well as survivors also has an influencing role. However, the final say on treatment decision was from themselves. Conclusions: The treatment decision for women with early breast cancer in Malaysia is a result of information they gather on their decision making journey. This journey starts with diagnosis. The women's spouses, friends, family members and healthcare professionals play different roles as information providers and supporters at different stages of treatment decisions. However, the final treatment decision is influenced mainly by women's own experiences, knowledge and understanding.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.521-529
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• 2020

Forest fires are one of the most important environmental risks that have adverse effects on many aspects of life, such as the economy, environment, and health. The early detection, quick prediction, and rapid response of forest fires can play an essential role in saving property and life from forest fire risks. For the rapid discovery of forest fires, there is a method using meteorological data obtained from local sensors installed in each area by the Meteorological Agency. Meteorological conditions (e.g., temperature, wind) influence forest fires. This study evaluated a Data Mining (DM) approach to predict the burned area of forest fires. Five DM models, e.g., Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forests (RF), and Deep Neural Network (DNN), and four feature selection setups (using spatial, temporal, and weather attributes), were tested on recent real-world data collected from Gyeonggi-do area over the last five years. As a result of the experiment, a DNN model using only meteorological data showed the best performance. The proposed model was more effective in predicting the burned area of small forest fires, which are more frequent. This knowledge derived from the proposed prediction model is particularly useful for improving firefighting resource management.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.512-519
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• 2015

Although Quaternary marine terraces and onshore paleo-shoreline records provide clues to our understanding for the mode and nature of neotectonics in the Korean peninsula, it cannot be accomplished without knowledge on both independent information of the past sea level records and tectonic deformation field together with precise results of numerical dating for higher terraces. This study reported cosmogenic radionuclides ($^{10}Be$) dating results conducted in higher terraces in the eastern and western coasts of the Korean peninsula. As a result, the measured concentration ratio of $^9Be/^{10}Be$ and the exposure ages were much younger than expected. It implies that either there is possibility of error in experimental processes or the samples experienced a complex exposure history probably included a burial at some stage. Considering the past climatic conditions around the Korean peninsula and a possible complex exposure history after the emergence of marine terrace, the discovery of a suitable study area and a sampling site are an essential part of successful $^{10}Be$ dating technique.