• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.214-218
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• 2006

Purpose: We describe a new technique of arthroscopic medial plication using pull-out suture with consideration of anatomical location of medial patellofemoral ligament for the treatment of acute or recurrent patellar dislocation. Operative technique: Under arthroscopic examination, sutures are passed through the medial capsule, at which medial patellofemoral ligament is located, from outside to inside of knee joint. Three guide wires are inserted from anterior surface of the patella to upper half of its medial border. Intraarticular portions of sutures are pulled out toward anterior surface of the patella through bony tunnels. Under appropriate tension, the sutures are tied after performing lateral retinacular release. Conclusion: As suturing medial patellofemoral ligament, this technique can maximize the effect of medial plication and can correct subluxation and tilt of the patella. It seems to be a minimally invasive, easy and effective method for the treatment of acute or recurrent patellar dislocation.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.70-76
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• 2005

Purpose: We describe a new technique of arthroscopic repair with using autogenous hamstring tendon graft augmentation for the acute posterior cruciate ligament rupture. Operative technique: A routine arthroscopic examination of the knee joint is initially performed, then the posterior trans-septal portal is prepared with the using the posteromedial and posterolateral portals. The torn tibial stump that is retracted to the posterior compartment is repaired by a suture hook that is introduced through the anteromedial portal; visualization during this procedure is done with the arthroscope via the posteromedial portal. Using the retrieved suture, both suture ends are brought out to the anteromedial portal. The torn tibial stump is pulled to the intercondylar notch and then repaired with stitches at the anterior compartment. After the tibial and femoral tunnels are prepared without damaging the remnant PCL bundle, the combined torn PCL fibers and the autogenous single-bundle semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafts are passed through the femoral tunnel and fixed together Conclusion: Arthroscopic repair of the torn tibial stump and autogenous hamstring tendon graft augmentation after preparing the tibial and femoral tunnels by using the trans-septal portal, without damaging the remnant PCL bundle, seems to be a very effective method for the treatment for acute PCL injuries, and especially for tears at the femoral attachment.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2012

Purpose: Tibial plateau fractures cause a variety of problems in the knee joint. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the meniscus injuries in tibial plateau fracture arthroscopically. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three out of 39 consecutive patients diagnosed with tibial plateau fractures underwent arthroscopy between March 2007 and March 2010. According to Schatzker classification, there were 1 type I (3.3%), 19 type II (53.3%), 4 type III (13.3%), 2 type IV (6.6%), 2 type V (6.6%) and 5 type VI (20%) fracture patterns in 33 patients. Results: Twenty-five cases (75.8%) had lateral meniscus tears. There were 18 meniscal tears in 19 cases of Schatzker type II fractures (94.7%), 3 meniscal tears out of 4 cases of Schatzker type III fractures (75%) and 4 meniscal tears out of 5 cases of Schatzker type VI fractures (80%). The most commonly affected site (22/25) was the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. Of the 25 documented meniscal tears, all but one were vertical longitudinal tear at meniscocapsular junction so most cases are amenable to arthroscopic repair. Conclusion: Arthroscopy for the meniscal injuries in tibial plateau fractures is a valuable diagnostic and treatment tool, we recommend arthroscopy in tibial plateau fracture.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

Purpose : This research was conducted to investigate the effect of sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture and low level laser acupuncture on paw edema, pain index, anti-inflammatory factor, AST, ALT and complete blood cell count of a rat model with Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced arthritis. Methods : Five experimental groups were formed with each consisting of six rats: normal group, control group, sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture group, lower level laser acupuncture group, and sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture, lower level laser acupuncture group. The experimental model of arthritis was induced by two injections of Freund's adjuvant into the left knee joint of Sprague Dawley(SD) rats. The second injection of Freund's adjuvant was given ten days after the first one. Ten days later, sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture and low level laser acupuncture were administered separately or together by assigned groups at $GB_{34}$ and $GB_{39}$ of rats twice a week for a total of six times. Thereafter, edema rate, pain index, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin-6, aspartate aminortansferase, alanine aminotransferase and complete blood cell count were measured. Results : We noticed synergic effects of sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture and low level laser acupuncture according to the results of the paw edema and Von Frey pain index. The sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture(BVA) and sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture+ low level laser acupuncture(BVA+LLA) groups experienced a more significant effect when compared with the control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that Sweet Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture and low level laser acupuncture at GB34 and GB39 have a significant anti-inflammatory effect on Freund's adjuvant arthritis in rats.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2016

The aim of the present study was to compare the strength, balance, and flexibility across two age groups (older adults vs. young adults). The isokinetic muscle function, ankle ROM, trunk forward flexibility, stability, and antropometric data for the elderly and 46 university students were collected. The results indicated that male older adults possessed relatively low flexibility (2.97cm) among the groups and showed better stability in the right foot than in the left foot and $35^{\circ}$ of plantar flexion ROM, which was not in the normal range. Their peak strength at the knee joint was below 50% of their counterpart. They revealed a hamstring deficit of 18.55%, ankle eversion deficit of 23.08%, and ankle inversion deficit of 19.19%. The results indicated that female older adults possessed comparable flexibility compared to female young adults. The reciprocal muscle strength ratio of both knees was under 50%, and the deficit was 14.32% (extension) and 19.73% (flexion). The ankle plantar flexion peak torque was approximately 62% (left) and 73% (right) of WS's. The ankle dorsi flexion deficit was 25.05% and the plantar flexion was 26.86%. The eversion deficit was 19.97% and the inversion was 21.09%. These results will be significant in establishing an elderly fitness enhancement program and policy.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2013

Purpose: All-inside meniscal repair using FasT-Fix (Smith & Nephew Endoscopy, Andover, Massachusetts, USA) is a popular method for the meniscal tear. However, there was no report after all-inside repair using FasT-Fix for the meniscal tear in Korea. Therefore, the purpose of this retrospective study was to report clinical outcomes after all-inside meniscal repair using FasT-Fix. Materials and Methods: 25 consecutive patients underwent meniscal repairs using FasT-Fix for tears of the posterior horn of the medial or lateral menisci combined with hamstring anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions. Postoperative evaluations included Lysholm knee score and Tegner activity scale. Using clinical criteria, a repaired meniscus was considered healed if there was no effusion or joint line tenderness, negative McMurray test, and no sense of giving way. Results: The average follow-up was 47.9 months (range, 40 to 61 months). At follow-up, the mean Lysholm score was 91.8 and the mean Tegner activity scale was 5.6. According to clinical criteria, 20 (80%) menisci was healed, and 5 (20%) failed. Conclusion: All-inside meniscal repair using FasT-Fix showed satisfactory results in patients with hamstring ACL reconstructions.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.425-431
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of Achyranthes Radix(AR) and electroacupuncture(EA) in rats with rheumatoid arthritis induced by type II collagen for 28 days. Control group was daily administered 0.9% NaCl 0.5 $m{\ell}$, Group I was daily administered 0.9% NaCl 0.5 $m{\ell}$ to arthritic rats, Group II was orally administered with Achyranthes Radix 500 mg/kg 0.5 $m{\ell}$ to arthritic rats. Group III was given 2 Hz EA of chok samni acupoint(ST36) in the test group for 30 min/days to arthritic rats. Group IV was daily orally administered with Achyranthes Radix 500 mg/kg 0.5 $m{\ell}$ and 2 Hz EA of chok samni acupoint(ST36) in the test group for 30 min/days to arthritic rats. This studies have been designed to evaluate the hind paw edema, assessment of arthritis indices, analgetic effects by analysis of blood chemistry(WBC, CRP, ALP, AST). In each group, histologic observations, Safranin O-fast green stain were observed and analyzed. The following results were obtained. Group II, III, IV were significantly decreased arthritis indices and the rate of paw edema compared with Group I . Especially group IV was the most significantly decreased. The WBC, CRP, AST, ALT was that Group II, III, IV were significantly decreased compared with Group I . In conclusion, Achyranthes Radix and Ea contribute to the improvement of blood chemistry and change in safranin O-fast green by knee joint of arthritic rats.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.318-346
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• 1994

A Bibliographical study was done about lumbago in oriental internal Medicine. The results are as follows. 1. Shenxu,sexual active, senile, Feng, Han, Shi, shiji, Tanyin and Qi lumbago are applicable to internal medical lumbago in oriental medicine, and Shenxu is essential pathogenesis. 2. Shenxu lumbago is characterized by continous pain, improved after chiropsia, deep pulse in Chi pulse, and used QingeWan, LiuweiDihuangWan and AnshenWan in herb-medicine. and Cortex Eucommiae, Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata and Fructus Psoraleae in drugs for the purpose of ZishenYijing, and related to lumbago caused by chronic prostatitis, calculus or tumor in kidney and diabetes mellitus. 3. Sexual active lumbago is dim-aching and weak pain in or after sexual life at low back and knee joint, and classified to Shenyang Buzu, ShenjingKuisun. GanshenYinxu and XinshenBujiao ; Liuwei Dihuang Wan, ZuoguiWan In herb-medicine. Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, Fructus Lycii and Fructus Corni in drug were used for treatment. 4. Senile Lumbago is a kind of consumptive disease due to exhaused essential energy and caused by lack of Shenjing, Yangqi ; and described as repeated mild dim pain and ErzhiWan, QingeWan and MoyaoGao were used frequently, supposed to connected with osteoporosis, osteomalacia and osteoarthropathy deformons caused by aging. 5. Feng lumbago is attacked by Liuyin, and characterized by chilling and fever. stabbing pain from thoracic and lumbar vertebrae to pedes, and used WujiXan, XiaoxumingTang for treatment. Han lumbago is caused by cold's attacking Shenjing, distinguished for chilling,icing sense improved by heat on low back, and used WujiXan, JiangfuTang. Shi lumbago is caused by damp's inflowing Shenjing, described as stone-like lumbago which was subsided low back pain growing worse by gloomy rain, and used ShenshiTang. ShenzhuTang for the purpose of ZaoshiXingqi. And it is supposed that lumbago occured in the initial of urinary track infection was belong to those of Feng,Han and Sill's. 6. Sillji lumbago is caused by pathogen being in the spleen and the stomach, and used ChenxiangJiangqiTang, PingweiSan for treatment. And it is supposed that it belong to lumbago caused by gastrointerstinal disease such as peptic ulcer. gastroduodenal tumor and colonic inflammatory disease. 7. Tanyin lumbago is caused by Tanyin's flowing meridian, characterized by thoracolumbar verterber's heaviness, covered sense with something on low back and painless massage. Kuaiqi-drug are added to ErchenTang, DaotanTang for treatment, and it supposed that Tanyin lumbago's belong to that accompanied with metabolic disease such as obesity and gout. 8. Qi lumbago is caused by excessive stress such as melancholy and fury, described as multiple stabbing pain, an unexpected on and improvement, ranging back pain until flank and abdomine. Tiaoqi-drugs were added to RenshenShunqiSan, WuyaoShunqiSan for treatment, and it supposed to connecting with emotional lumbago such as hysteria, feigned illness and anxiety psychosis.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.170-177
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• 2013

Total elbow arthroplasty is still in its infancy compared with other arthroplasties, such as knee or hip arthroplasties. Implant design has been evolving with clinical experiences; however, there are only limited data on the long-term clinical outcome of elbow arthroplasty in the literature. The design of total elbow prostheses can be divided into three categories: linked (constrained or semi-constrained), unlinked (unconstrained), and convertible types. The choice between an unlinked (unconstrained) implant and a linked (semi-constrained) implant depends on joint stability and adequacy of the bone stock. Linked elbow arthroplasty has provided high patient satisfaction, and pain relief thanks to proper patient selection, advancement of implant design, improvement in cement techniques, meticulous surgical technique, and appropriate postoperative rehabilitation. Concerns remain about the use of this implant in young or high-demand patients. This article focuses on the linked (semi-constrained) prostheses, which provides an overview of the current state of linked total elbow arthroplasty.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2015

Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) is one of the more common skeletal dysplasias. MED is characterized by joint pain and stiffness, a waddling gait, and/or mild short stature in childhood. Radiographic findings include delayed and irregular ossification of the epiphyses in multiple joints. Mutations in at least six different genes (COMP, MATN3, COL9A1, COL9A2, COL9A3, and DTDST) can cause MED, and it can be either dominant or recessive inheritance. Molecular diagnosis is important for accurate prognosis and genetic counselling. COMP mutation is the most common form of MED in Western. But, MATN3 mutation was reported as the most common type of MED in Korea. Here, we describe a boy who was diagnosed as MED by clinical and radiological features. Hip radiograph of the patient was suggested MATN3 mutation. But knee radiograph was suggested COMP mutation. MATN3 and COMP mutations direct sequencing, but were no mutation. So we tested whole exome sequencing, but significant variant was not detected as known MED six genes mutations. The patient was diagnosed as having MED clinically and radiologically. Further study to identify the other responsible genes for MED is needed.