• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.48-58
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• 1989

Airplane noise become a serious problem today. Using the noise patterns at KIMPO and CHEJU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS, the impact area of noise for the newly planned international airport was predicted. Contours for noise level were made by a plotter based on WECPNL estimated by a computer program with basic noise data for FAA requirement. The result was also compared with the noise control level abroad.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.453-454
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• 2003

현재 우리 나라에서는 수송분야 중 항공기, 선박, 건설기계 농기계 등과 같은 비토로 이동오염원에 의한 대기오염에 대해서는 연구가 부진한 실정이다. 2001년 김포공항을 이용하던 국제선 항공기는 인천국제공항의 개항에 따라 이전하게 되었다. 이에 따라 항공기 이착륙에 의한 대기오염 배출이 상당 부분 김포지역에서 인천 영종도지역으로 이전되었을 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 미국 FAA에서 공항의 대기오염배출량 산출 및 주변지역의 농도예측에 선정모델로 추천하고 있는 EDMS (Emission and Dispersion Modeling System)을 사용하여 국제선 이전에 따른 김포공항 주변지역의 NOx 오염도 변화를 예측하고 이를 실측치와 비교 평가하고자 한다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.76-84
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• 2014

Heavy Rainfall event accompanying with Mesoscale Convective Systems(MCSs) inducing flash flooding and Kimpo and Inchon International Airport closing over Seoul metropolitan area was investigated this study. This heavy rainfall event was occurred through the synoptic scale boundary of North Pacific Subtropical high, Typhoon and also can predicted by proper analysis of various forecasting parameters such as abundant moisture, instabilities, and synoptic/mesoscale forcing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2011

This paper concentrate on the passengers' perception of risks by analyzing data gathered through a field survey in the South Korean air market. Twenty two Koreans were killed in the accident of PMT Air in the Kingdom of Cambodia on June 25th 2007 and This has caused customers to be more concerned about the safety of airline. Three hundred forty-two samples were collected from field survey at Kimpo International Airport in Seoul and Jeju International Airport on Jeju island and the findings are based on 316 questionnaires. The multiple regression analysis, Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Correlation analysis, T-test were carried out to examine the effect, relationship and difference of data set. The results show that there are differences between passengers' perceived risks in LCC's and those in FSC's. Passengers of LCC's took serious consideration of the type of fleet and feeling physical risk, whereas those of FSC's only took consideration of financial risk.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.7-19
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• 2001

The research purpose for The Impact of Aviation Safety over the Consumer's Behavior in Korea lies at the judgement that airline consumers' selection criteria has much changed after several serious aviation accidents as before when we used to overlook "aviation safety" variable through surveying to Korean aviation consumers and foreigners visit or travel Korea on various purposes. Therefore, for this research, practical analysis methods are employed after surveying to actual passengers who use Kimpo International Airport's international and domestic terminals. This study will be regarded significant in terms that empirical analysis was used to prove "Aviation Safety", a variable which had not been regarded as a airline choice factor within Korea air transport market so far, and has an effect on the aviation consumers' airline preference change and choice after recent frequent aviation accidents. Presenting this dissertation, I wish. it can be another opportunity for Korean two national flag airlines to reappraise and reinforce the significance of "aviation safety" and set forth immediate vigorous efforts to support the government's aviation safety improvement countermeasures. I hope the study to contribute and provide a variable idea and direction to improve aviation safety management of two Korean flag carriers.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.587-594
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• 1998

The objective of this research was to characterize effects of Cu or Cd additions on chemistry of soil quality indices, such as pH, EC, cation distribution and buffering capacity. Metals were added at rates ranging from 0 to 400 mg $kg^{-1}$ of soil. Soil solution was sequentially extracted from saturated pastes using vacuum. Concentrations of Cu or Cd remaining in soil solutions were very low as compared to those added to the soils, warranting that most of the added metals were recovered as nonavailable fractions. Adsorption of the added metals released cations into soil solution causing increases of ionic strength of soil solution. At metal additions of $200{\sim}400\;mg\;kg^{-1}$, EC of soil solution increased to as much as $2{\sim}4\;m^{-1}$; salinity levels considered high enough to cause detrimental effects on plant production. More divalent cations than monovalent cations were exchanged by Cu or Cd adsorption. The nutrient buffering capacity of soils was decreased due to the metal adsorption and release of cations. pH of soil solution decreased linearly with increasing metal loading rates, with a decrement of up to 1.3 units at 400 mg Cu $kg^{-1}$ addition. Influences of Cu on each of these soil quality parameters were consistently greater than those of Cd. These effects were of a detrimental nature and large enough in most cases to significantly impact soil productivity. It is clear that new protocols are needed for evaluating potential effects of heavy metal loading of soils.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.211-253
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• 2005

Recently, the Korean Supreme Court released two important decisions concerning damages for the pain and suffering from Aircraft noise. The local people who are living near the Air Force practice site at Maehyang-ri and the Kimpo International Airport brought lawsuits against the Korean government requesting damages for their financial loss from the severe noise and the damages for their pain and suffering. Plaintiffs alleged that they suffered physical malfunctions, extreme disturbances and the reduction of property values from the extreme noises which were daily repeated. District Court of Seoul Province did not allow plaintiffs all but the damages for pain and suffering. Plaintiffs could not prove the causation between their financial loss and the noise. The Supreme Court confirmed the lower court's decision. Article V of the National Compensation Act (analogous to the Federal Tort Claims Act of the USA) reads, "the government shall be liable for any loss caused by the defect on establishment or maintenance of public facilities." In the two cases, the major issue was whether the government's establishment or maintenance of Air Force practice site and the airport was defective because they caused serious noise to surrounding neighbors. Previously, the Supreme Court interpreted the clause "defect on establishment or maintenance of public facilities" as failure of duty to provide safety measures to the degree generally required to ordinary manager. However the Court at this time interpreted differently that the defect could be found if the facility caused to any person loss to the degree intolerable. In the two cases the Court confirmed the lower court's finding that noise level at the site was severe enough to be intolerable. This standard is based on the severity of the loss rather than the failure of duty. It became easier for plaintiffs to prove the cause of action under this interpretation. The consequence of the ruling of these two cases is 'rush to the courtroom' by the local people at similar situations. The ruling of these two cases was not appropriate both in theory and in consequence. The Korean tort system is basically based on the theory of negligence. Strict liability is exceptional only when there is special legislation. The Court created strict liability rule by interpreting the Art. V of the National Compensation Act. This is against the proper role of the court. The result of the cases is also dismal. The government was already sued by a number of local people for damages. Especially the Department of Defense which is operating many airports nationwide has financial hardship, which will cause downsizing military practice by the Air Force in the long run, This is no good to anyone. Tens of millions of dollars which might be used for compensation might be better used to prevent further noise problem surrounding airports.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.225-246
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• 2020

More than technical or academic matter, mitigation of height restriction around airports is about up-dating out-dated policies that have not kept up with rapidly developing aircraft and air traffic control technologies. Above all, instead of calling out 'flight safety' that the public do not comprehend, it is important to examine and carry out measures that can protect people's right of property. MOLIT(Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport) after reviewing ICAO's Obstacle Limitation Surface TF, made an announcement to provide further plans that would apply to contracting states from 2026. However, residents of redevelopment areas near Kimpo international airport asserted that MOLIT's policy overlooks the reality of the redevelopment zone. ICAO, UN's specialized agency for civilian aviation, recommends in Annex 14, 4.2.4 that contracting states conduct an aeronautical study to determine the flight safety of horizontal surface(45m), excluding approach surface, and to mitigate height restrictions if no threat is found. Numerous countries including the United States have been following this recommendation and have been able to effectively protect people's right of property, whereas the South Korean government have not following it so far. The number of height restriction mitigation cases in the recent three months (2019. 7. 15~10. 14.) FAA of the United States have allowed after conducting an aeronautical study reaches 14,706. Japan and Taiwan also reconstruct airspace around airports in metropolitan areas in order to protect people's right of property. Just as the United States is following, MLIT should follow ICAO's recommendation in Annex 14. 4.2.4(Vol. 1. Airport Construction / Operation) and protect people's right of property by first applying aeronautical studies to the horizontal surface(45m) of flight safety zones until the specifics of ICAO's 2026 TF materialize.