• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2013

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor family of cytokines. TRAIL selectively induces apoptotic cell death in various tumors and cancer cells, but it has little or no toxicity in normal cells. Agonism of TRAIL receptors has been considered to be a valuable cancer-therapeutic strategy. However, more than 85% of primary tumors are resistant to TRAIL, emphasizing the importance of investigating how to overcome TRAIL resistance. In this report, we have found that nemadipine-A, a cell-permeable L-type calcium channel inhibitor, sensitizes TRAIL-resistant cancer cells to this ligand. Combination treatments using TRAIL with nemadipine-A synergistically induced both the caspase cascade and apoptotic cell death, which were blocked by a pan caspase inhibitor (zVAD) but not by autophagy or a necrosis inhibitor. We further found that nemadipine-A, either alone or in combination with TRAIL, notably reduced the expression of survivin, an inhibitor of the apoptosis protein (IAP) family of proteins. Depletion of survivin by small RNA interference (siRNA) resulted in increased cell death and caspase activation by TRAIL treatment. These results suggest that nemadipine-A potentiates TRAIL-induced apoptosis by down-regulation of survivin expression in TRAIL resistant cells. Thus, combination of TRAIL with nemadipine-A may serve a new therapeutic scheme for the treatment of TRAIL resistant cancer cells, suggesting that a detailed study of this combination would be useful.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.468-476
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to develop the clinical competency evaluation, and to examine the effects of the developed evaluation by comparing it with existing evaluation on clinical competency, communication skill, and self-efficacy of nursing students. Methods: Design was a randomized control group post-test design. The subjects were 102 senior nursing students(Experimental group: 48, Control group: 54) at K university in seoul, Korea. The experimental group took the clinical competency evaluation using standardized patients and the control group took the existing evaluation using a doll. The clinical competency and communication skills were measured by evaluators, and self-efficacy was self reported by the nursing students. Results: The experimental group had higher scores in clinical competency, communication skills, and self-efficacy than those in the control group. Conclusion: Through these results, practice education of nursing education programs need to activate the clinical competency evaluation using standardized patients.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2000

Chronic headache is one of the most common symptoms of outpatients. There are many approaches to treat chronic headache, but it is difficult to be resolved completely. So analgesics-addicted patients are increased in numbers. Acupuncture and ear-acupuncture have been used for relief headache. But it is not sufficient to compare the effect of acupuncture on several chronic headache groups. Thus we investigate the effect of acupuncture and ear-acupuncture on several chronic headache groups and analgesics-abused groups. We researched 36 patients who were treated at Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Kyung Hee Medical Center from August 1998 to July 1999. The chronic headache patients were classified into tension-type headache group, migraine group and unclassified headache group by Guide of IHS. Each group was treated with acupuncture and ear-acupuncture. The effect was assessed through questionnaires and self-rating headache index.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2012

Objectives: It is well known that genetic factors and environmental factors play major role in aging skin. In general, son and daughter take after their parents in appearance. But comparability of skin properties in Korean family has not been well estimated. So we evaluated the correlation of skin properties in Korean mother-daughter pairs. Methods: 10 couples of mother and daughter pair(n=20) participate in this study. Mothers and daughters were aged $50.6{\pm}2.459$ and $23.8{\pm}2.15$ years, respectively. Skin moisture, sebum, skin color and elasticity is measured using non-invasive method : Corneometer CM825, Sebumeter(MPA580), Mexameter MX18, Cutometer MPA580. Statistical analysis program we used is Minitab 14 Korea. Results: The Skin moisture of mother group was significantly higher than daughter group. And skin elasticity(R2) of the daughter group was significantly higher than mother group. In the results of correlation analysis between mother and daughter pairs, skin elasticity(R2) had high positive correlation(r=0.729, p=0.026). But skin moisture, sebum, melanin index, erythema index and skin elasticity(R5) did not be confirmed a significant correlation. Conclusions: Skin elasticity(R2) is the only factor that showed high positive correlation significantly in mother and daughter pairs. Mother and daughter share the genetic factors and environmental factors that influence skin aging. So, mother's aging pattern will be a good guide for anti-aging of daughters.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.93-107
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• 2011

우리나라의 경우 SO와 위성방송사업자는 직접사용채널을 운용할 수 있다. 그런데 직접사용채널을 어떠한 목적과 방식으로 운용할 것인지에 대해서는 방송법상 규정이 없다. 때문에 SO와 위성방송사업자는 직접 사용채널을 운용하지 않거나 운용하더라도 주로 수익채널로 활용하고 있는 실정이다. 이런 점에서 직접사용채널을 어떻게 운용하는 것이 바람직한가를 살펴보기 위하여 미국과 일본의 사례를 검토하였다. 미국의 경우 수익성 채널, 공동이용채널, 액세스 채널 등 다양한 성격으로 활용하고 있었다. 일본의 경우 지방자치 단체와 긴밀한 연계를 통해 지역소식과 이슈에 대한 여론을 형성하고, 지역행사를 안내하는 등 지역채널로 서의 성격이 강조되고 있었다. 우리나라의 경우 SO는 직접사용채널이 아닌 지역채널을 통해 일본과 유사한 성격의 지역채널을 운용하고 있고, 위성방송은 주로 자사의 수익을 목적으로 직접사용채널을 운용하고 있다. 이런 점에서 방송사업자의 자사 이익에 의해 운용하는 방식이 아니라 직접사용채널의 위상과 운용방안에 대한 심도깊은 논의를 통해 공익적 측면에서의 활용방안을 모색해야 할 것이다.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2004

A natural colorant was extracted from Cassia tara L. using buffer solutions (pH: 2-11) as extractants. The dyeing solution (Cassia tara L. extract) extracted using pH 9 buffer solution was found to give the highest K/S values of dyed fabrics. Cotton and silk fabrics were dyed with Cassia tara L. extract at $60^{\circ}C$ for 60 min with pre-treatment of various metal salts as mordants. It was found that Cassia tara L. extract was polygenetic dyestuffs and its major components were anthraquinones. Studies have been made on the effects of the kind of mordant on dyeing properties and colour fastnesses of cotton and silk fabrics. The K/S of cotton fabrics increased in the order of the dyeing using $FeSO_4 >CuSO_4> ZnSO_4> MnSO_4\cong Al_2(SO_4)_3 > NiSo_4 > none$, however, the K/S of silk fabrics increased in the order of the dyeing using $FeSO_4 > CuSO_4 > ZnSO_4\cong Al_2(SO_4)_3 > MnSO_4\cong NiSO_4 > none$. It was found that the K/S values of dyed fabrics were largely affected by the colour difference $(\DeltaE)$ between mordanted fabric and control fabric. However, they were not depended on the content of mordanted metal ion of the fabrics. Mordants $FeSO_4$ and CuSO_4$ for cotton fabric, $FeSO_4,\; CuSO_4,\; and\; Al_2(S0_4)_3$ for silk fabric were found to give good light fastness (rating 4).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of $PC_6$ moxibustion treatment for reducing mental stress using power spectrum analysis of the heart rate variability(HRV). Methods : 20 healthy volunteers(simple rest group : 10, moxibustion treatment group : 10) participated in this study. After instrumentation and 5-minutes rest period, mental stress by operation was provided for 5-minutes. HRV was recorded before and after the mental stress. And then the simple rest group rested for 15-minutes. The moxibustion treatment group was treated by $PC_6$ moxibustion and rested for 15-minutes. And then HRV was recorded. Results : In simple rest group, LF norm and HF norm showed a significant change after mental stress. In moxibustion treatment group, LF, HF, LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF showed a significant change after mental stress. But there were no significant difference between two groups(p>0.05) except HF. In moxibustion treatment group, LF, LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF showed a significant change after moxibustion treatment. There were significant differences between two groups(p<0.05). Conclusions : The result suggests that $PC_6$ moxibustion treatment can regulate and prevent the alteration of autonomic nerve system by mental stress.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.3353-3358
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• 2010

3,4-Dihydroquinazoline 1 as T-type calcium channel blocker was in vivo evaluated against A549 xenograft in BALB/c-nu Slc mice, which exhibited 54% tumor growth inhibition through oral administration of 8 mg/kg of body weight and was slightly less active than doxorubicin (68%). In addition, this compound was also profiled for its acute toxicity to ICR mice to afford oral $LD_{50}$ value of 1,038 mg/kg of body weight.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of laser acupuncture at $HT_7$ for reducing mental stress using power spectrum analysis of the heart rate variability. Methods : 36 healthy volunteers(control group: 18, treatment group: 18) participated in this study. After instrumentation and 5-minute rest period, 5-minute metal stress by operation was provided. HRV was recorded before and after the mental stress(1st, 2nd HRV). After 2nd HRV recording, the control group rested for 15 minutes without any treatments. Participants in the treatment group received laser acupuncture to $HT_7$ unilaterally and rested for 15minutes. Points were irradiated for 60seconds, and the intensity was 1.8J(output 20%). And then 3rd HRV was recorded. Results : In simple rest group, LF norm showed a significant change after mental stress. In laser acupuncture group, LF norm, HF norm, LF, HF and LF/HF ratio showed a significant change after mental stress. But there were no significant difference between two groups(ANCOVA test, p>0.05). In laser acupuncture group, LF norm, HF norm, HF and LF/HF ratio showed a significant change after laser acupuncture treatment. And there were significant differences between two groups(p<0.05). Conclusions : This study suggests that laser acupuncture at $HT_7$ can regulate and prevent the alternation of autonomic nervous system due to mental stress.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2003

The pulse diagnosis is the basic method of oriental medicine diagnosis. But in sasang constitutional medicine, it is said that it's not a major diagnotic method. But we don't have any sasang constitutional study of the pulse diagnosis. So I made this study by research of changing concept of the pulse diagnosis in chinese medical history and Dongyi Suse Bowon (longevity and life preservation in oriental medicine). The conclusion as follows. 1. There were many kinds of the pulse diagnosis in the ancient times, it has developed to simple and effective diagnotic method. Simple and effective is the major point of medical development, the 24 pulse is abridged to Floating Pulse(浮), Deep Pulse(沈), Slow Pulse(遲), Rapid Pulse(數) 2. The latter term of Chosun, the practical study was developed. In the view of the practical study, the pulse diagnosis has a lot of cricical point. Jung Yak-Yong, in his writing Mak Lon(脈論), criticize the pulse diagnosis. 3. In the sasang constitutional medicine, the constitutional diagnosis is very important. The methods of the constitutional diagnosis are three, the way of mind and greed, knowledge and deed, external figure and physical traits. But the pulse diagnosis is one of the way of external figure and physical traits, so we can't diagnose the exact constitution by the pulse diagnosis. 4. Dong-mu conclude that the pulse diagnosis is just the diagnostic way of symptom. But in the clinical situation, the ordinary symptoms are more important than the pulse diagnosis, because it is useful to know the condition of the ingestive food metabolism and the Qi-yack metabolism