• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.80
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• pp.40-114
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• 2016

This work critically explores the so-called "Hell-Chosun" phenomenon which has gained much attention and responses in contemporary South Korea. The younger generation came to coin and utilize this new linguistic expression as well as poignant parody as a way of releasing their anger, cynicism, and frustration in the context of the omnipresent fierce competitions, deepening social instability, and job-related shrinking possibilities. The 'Hell-Chosun' phenomenon can be considered as a much complicated manifestation of the structures of feeling for the part of many younger generation South Koreans. This paper especially examines the varying representation of this phenomenon by established dailies through an in-depth textual analysis of newspaper articles, opinion pieces and reviews, as well as special issues. In doing so, this work examines the multiple implications of this particular socio-cultural phenomenon in a detailed and critical fashion.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2013

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor family of cytokines. TRAIL selectively induces apoptotic cell death in various tumors and cancer cells, but it has little or no toxicity in normal cells. Agonism of TRAIL receptors has been considered to be a valuable cancer-therapeutic strategy. However, more than 85% of primary tumors are resistant to TRAIL, emphasizing the importance of investigating how to overcome TRAIL resistance. In this report, we have found that nemadipine-A, a cell-permeable L-type calcium channel inhibitor, sensitizes TRAIL-resistant cancer cells to this ligand. Combination treatments using TRAIL with nemadipine-A synergistically induced both the caspase cascade and apoptotic cell death, which were blocked by a pan caspase inhibitor (zVAD) but not by autophagy or a necrosis inhibitor. We further found that nemadipine-A, either alone or in combination with TRAIL, notably reduced the expression of survivin, an inhibitor of the apoptosis protein (IAP) family of proteins. Depletion of survivin by small RNA interference (siRNA) resulted in increased cell death and caspase activation by TRAIL treatment. These results suggest that nemadipine-A potentiates TRAIL-induced apoptosis by down-regulation of survivin expression in TRAIL resistant cells. Thus, combination of TRAIL with nemadipine-A may serve a new therapeutic scheme for the treatment of TRAIL resistant cancer cells, suggesting that a detailed study of this combination would be useful.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.468-476
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to develop the clinical competency evaluation, and to examine the effects of the developed evaluation by comparing it with existing evaluation on clinical competency, communication skill, and self-efficacy of nursing students. Methods: Design was a randomized control group post-test design. The subjects were 102 senior nursing students(Experimental group: 48, Control group: 54) at K university in seoul, Korea. The experimental group took the clinical competency evaluation using standardized patients and the control group took the existing evaluation using a doll. The clinical competency and communication skills were measured by evaluators, and self-efficacy was self reported by the nursing students. Results: The experimental group had higher scores in clinical competency, communication skills, and self-efficacy than those in the control group. Conclusion: Through these results, practice education of nursing education programs need to activate the clinical competency evaluation using standardized patients.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2000

Chronic headache is one of the most common symptoms of outpatients. There are many approaches to treat chronic headache, but it is difficult to be resolved completely. So analgesics-addicted patients are increased in numbers. Acupuncture and ear-acupuncture have been used for relief headache. But it is not sufficient to compare the effect of acupuncture on several chronic headache groups. Thus we investigate the effect of acupuncture and ear-acupuncture on several chronic headache groups and analgesics-abused groups. We researched 36 patients who were treated at Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Kyung Hee Medical Center from August 1998 to July 1999. The chronic headache patients were classified into tension-type headache group, migraine group and unclassified headache group by Guide of IHS. Each group was treated with acupuncture and ear-acupuncture. The effect was assessed through questionnaires and self-rating headache index.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.46-55
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• 2012

Objectives: It is well known that genetic factors and environmental factors play major role in aging skin. In general, son and daughter take after their parents in appearance. But comparability of skin properties in Korean family has not been well estimated. So we evaluated the correlation of skin properties in Korean mother-daughter pairs. Methods: 10 couples of mother and daughter pair(n=20) participate in this study. Mothers and daughters were aged $50.6{\pm}2.459$ and $23.8{\pm}2.15$ years, respectively. Skin moisture, sebum, skin color and elasticity is measured using non-invasive method : Corneometer CM825, Sebumeter(MPA580), Mexameter MX18, Cutometer MPA580. Statistical analysis program we used is Minitab 14 Korea. Results: The Skin moisture of mother group was significantly higher than daughter group. And skin elasticity(R2) of the daughter group was significantly higher than mother group. In the results of correlation analysis between mother and daughter pairs, skin elasticity(R2) had high positive correlation(r=0.729, p=0.026). But skin moisture, sebum, melanin index, erythema index and skin elasticity(R5) did not be confirmed a significant correlation. Conclusions: Skin elasticity(R2) is the only factor that showed high positive correlation significantly in mother and daughter pairs. Mother and daughter share the genetic factors and environmental factors that influence skin aging. So, mother's aging pattern will be a good guide for anti-aging of daughters.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.93-107
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• 2011

SO and Satellite Broadcaster can operate SO Operating channel in Korea. However, the Broadcasting act does not specify the direction of what purpose the SO operating channel would be operated for. Accordingly, SO and Satellite Broadcaster do not operate SO operating channel or use it as profit channel when operating. In this respect, the cases of U.S. and Japan have been studied to determine how SO operating channel should be operated to make it desirable. In the U.S., it is being used in various ways such as profit channel, multi-access channel and access channel. In Japan, it is mainly focused on the role as local channel, being coordinated with local governments to form public opinion on local news and issues or to announce local events. In Korea, SO is operating local channel similar to the one in Japan rather than SO operating channel, while Satellite Broadcasting is operating SO operating channel mainly for its profits. As SO operating channel is operated on the basis of the broadcasters' expediency without clear stipulation in Korea, we will need to seek the plan to use it for public interests by discussing more the status and operation of SO operating channel.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.303-308
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• 2004

A natural colorant was extracted from Cassia tara L. using buffer solutions (pH: 2-11) as extractants. The dyeing solution (Cassia tara L. extract) extracted using pH 9 buffer solution was found to give the highest K/S values of dyed fabrics. Cotton and silk fabrics were dyed with Cassia tara L. extract at $60^{\circ}C$ for 60 min with pre-treatment of various metal salts as mordants. It was found that Cassia tara L. extract was polygenetic dyestuffs and its major components were anthraquinones. Studies have been made on the effects of the kind of mordant on dyeing properties and colour fastnesses of cotton and silk fabrics. The K/S of cotton fabrics increased in the order of the dyeing using $FeSO_4 >CuSO_4> ZnSO_4> MnSO_4\cong Al_2(SO_4)_3 > NiSo_4 > none$, however, the K/S of silk fabrics increased in the order of the dyeing using $FeSO_4 > CuSO_4 > ZnSO_4\cong Al_2(SO_4)_3 > MnSO_4\cong NiSO_4 > none$. It was found that the K/S values of dyed fabrics were largely affected by the colour difference $(\DeltaE)$ between mordanted fabric and control fabric. However, they were not depended on the content of mordanted metal ion of the fabrics. Mordants $FeSO_4$ and CuSO_4$ for cotton fabric, $FeSO_4,\; CuSO_4,\; and\; Al_2(S0_4)_3$ for silk fabric were found to give good light fastness (rating 4).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.51-58
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of $PC_6$ moxibustion treatment for reducing mental stress using power spectrum analysis of the heart rate variability(HRV). Methods : 20 healthy volunteers(simple rest group : 10, moxibustion treatment group : 10) participated in this study. After instrumentation and 5-minutes rest period, mental stress by operation was provided for 5-minutes. HRV was recorded before and after the mental stress. And then the simple rest group rested for 15-minutes. The moxibustion treatment group was treated by $PC_6$ moxibustion and rested for 15-minutes. And then HRV was recorded. Results : In simple rest group, LF norm and HF norm showed a significant change after mental stress. In moxibustion treatment group, LF, HF, LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF showed a significant change after mental stress. But there were no significant difference between two groups(p>0.05) except HF. In moxibustion treatment group, LF, LF norm, HF norm and LF/HF showed a significant change after moxibustion treatment. There were significant differences between two groups(p<0.05). Conclusions : The result suggests that $PC_6$ moxibustion treatment can regulate and prevent the alteration of autonomic nerve system by mental stress.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.3353-3358
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• 2010

3,4-Dihydroquinazoline 1 as T-type calcium channel blocker was in vivo evaluated against A549 xenograft in BALB/c-nu Slc mice, which exhibited 54% tumor growth inhibition through oral administration of 8 mg/kg of body weight and was slightly less active than doxorubicin (68%). In addition, this compound was also profiled for its acute toxicity to ICR mice to afford oral $LD_{50}$ value of 1,038 mg/kg of body weight.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.51-58
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of laser acupuncture at $HT_7$ for reducing mental stress using power spectrum analysis of the heart rate variability. Methods : 36 healthy volunteers(control group: 18, treatment group: 18) participated in this study. After instrumentation and 5-minute rest period, 5-minute metal stress by operation was provided. HRV was recorded before and after the mental stress(1st, 2nd HRV). After 2nd HRV recording, the control group rested for 15 minutes without any treatments. Participants in the treatment group received laser acupuncture to $HT_7$ unilaterally and rested for 15minutes. Points were irradiated for 60seconds, and the intensity was 1.8J(output 20%). And then 3rd HRV was recorded. Results : In simple rest group, LF norm showed a significant change after mental stress. In laser acupuncture group, LF norm, HF norm, LF, HF and LF/HF ratio showed a significant change after mental stress. But there were no significant difference between two groups(ANCOVA test, p>0.05). In laser acupuncture group, LF norm, HF norm, HF and LF/HF ratio showed a significant change after laser acupuncture treatment. And there were significant differences between two groups(p<0.05). Conclusions : This study suggests that laser acupuncture at $HT_7$ can regulate and prevent the alternation of autonomic nervous system due to mental stress.