• 대한약리학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1974

Results of an experiment on the behavior of rats and mice in order to explore the possible pharmacological actions of Panax ginseng upon the central nervous system can be summarized as follows: 1. Spontaneous motor activity. In the case of mice, those groups who were administered 2.5 mg and 5.0mg of ginseng saponin per kilogram of body weight were observed to have increased their activity compared with the control group, while the 50.0 mg and 100.0 mg per kilogram body weight groups demonstrated lower levels of activity, with the peak of activity appearing at 30 minutes after administration of drugs. In the case of rats, those groups of animals who were given injections in the dosage of 2.5 mg, 5.0 mg and 50.0 mg per kilogram body weight demonstrated higher activity than the control group, while the 100.0 mg per kilogram group appeared to have decreased in their activity, with the peak action appearing 30 minutes after the administration of ginseng saponin. The 50.0 mg per kilogram group demonstrated no significant differential. 2. General behavior analysis. In the case of mice, decrease in sleeping component of behavior and increase in the walking and roaring components, compared those with the control group, turned out to be a common phenomenon among the groups who were administered 2.5 mg, 5.0 mg and 50.0 mg of ginseng saponin per kilogram body weight, with the 5.0 mg per kilogram group standing out of all the other groups in terms of their reactions. In the case of rats, ginseng saponin appeared to reduce sleeping component with 2.5 mg, 5.0 mg and 50.0 mg per kilogram body weight groups, while increased the walking and rearing components. It was observed that administratoin of ginseng saponin in a dose of 2.5 mg per kilogram appeared to markedly increase the lying and grooming components of animal behavior. 3. Open-field exploratory behavior. Adminstration of ginseng saponin to mice in doses of 5.0 mg, 50.0 mg and 100.0 mg per kilogram body weight decreased activity, but increased their exploratory behavior. In the case of rats, however, administration of ginseng saponin in the doses of 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg per kilogram body weight markedly increased their activities, while decreased activities with the 50.0 mg per kilogram and 100.0 mg per kilogram groups. The exploratory behavior of rats appeared to have decreased, while grooming increased ramarkably. 4. The above findings from a series of experiment appear to suggest a stimulating effect on the central nervous system when ginseng saponin is administered in small doses, but that larger doses might result in an inhibitory effect, though differential results can be anticipated with modification of experimental conditions.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2019

기본상수를 이용한 국제단위계 개정이 2018년 11월에 개최된 제26차 국제도량형총회에서 채택되었다. 국제단위계에 속한 4개의 기본단위(킬로그램, 암페어, 켈빈, 몰)가 각각 그 값이 고정된 플랑크 상수 h, 기본 전하 e, 볼츠만 상수 k, 아보가드로 상수 $N_A$를 기반으로 재정의되었다. 이 논문에서는 키블 저울을 이용하여 플랑크 상수로부터 킬로그램을 재정의한 원리를 설명한다. 개정된 국제단위계는 2019년 5월 20일부터 발효된다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the economic validity of Ecklonia cava aquaculture business for raising fishing people's revenue. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, the production of Ecklonia cava is estimated about 251 ton or more in Jeju. Second, the distribution structure of Ecklonia cava is not established, but Ecklonia cava is traded much more through bio or processing corporation than through fisheries cooperative like other marine plants. Third, the price of Ecklonia cava should be at least 1,729 won per kilogram under 4.04% of capital cost for economic feasibility of Ecklonia cava aquaculture business. Finally, the results of sensitivity analysis show that there is economic feasibility of Ecklonia cava aquaculture business when the price of Ecklonia cava is more 2,500 won per kilogram and the capital cost is under 8.0%.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2015

Purpose. This study of purpose was to compare and analyze the relationship among the isokinetic trunk muscular functions, flexibility and low back pain of elite weight lifter with regard of sex. Methods. we measured the level of low back pain, isokinetic muscular functions according to gender, then analyzed the relationship between isokinetic functions and the level of low back pain, between flexibility and the level of pain, between Athletic Career and the level. Results. In this study, the gender, the VAS point was $2.6{\pm}2.3$ and the VRS point was $2.3{\pm}1.3$ in males. The other side, in females the VAS points was $3.6{\pm}1.7$ and the VRS was $3.2{\pm}1.1$. There was significant negative correlation(r=-0.826) between the VAS point and the maximal flexion muscular strength per kilogram of $30^{\circ}/sec$ isokinetic exercise in female. also there was negative correlation between the muscular flexion strength per kilogram and the VRS point in female, but there was no significant relationship in male. Conclusions. In current study, these results suggested that the higher muscular flexion strength per kilogram is, the lower the level of low back pain is in female athletes. this is caused by the imbalance between Abdominal Muscles and Back Extensor in weight lifter. Therefore, there is the need to apply the program to improve the balance of trunk.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.125-135
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• 1987

본 시험은 산란계사료의 에너지 및 단백질 수준이 하절기에 있어서 갈색 산란계의 생산성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 대사에너지 3수준(2,500, 2700 및 2900Kcal/kg)과 단백질 3수준(13, 15 및 17%)을 조합한 9개처리에 24주령된 Warren 산란계 720수를 공시하여 1983년 6월 3일부터 동년 8월 25일까지 12주간에 걸쳐 시험을 실시한 바 그 결과는 다음 요약과 같다. 1. 산란율은 에너지 수준이 증가할수록 점차 저하되었고 단백질 수준이 증가할수록 점차 증가하였다. 2. 란중은 에너지 수준에 따라서 큰 차이가 없었으나 단백질 수준이 증가할수록 증가하였다. 3. 사료섭취량은 에너지 수준이 증가할수록 점차 감소하였으나, 단백질 수준에 따라서는 차이가 없었다. 4. 사료요구율은 단백질 수준이 증가할수록 점차 개선되었다. 5. 폐사율은 사료중의 에너지 및 단백질 수준에 영향을 받지 않았다. 6. 1일수당 에너지 섭취량은 사료중의 에너지 수준이 증가할수록 점차 증가하였다. 7. 산란 kg당 대사에너지 요구량은 에너지 수준이 증가할수록 점차 증가하였으며 단백질 수준이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 8. 산란kg당 단백질 요구량은 에너지 및 단백질수준이 증가할수록 점차 증가하였다. 9. 산란kg당 사료비는 에너지 수준이 증가할수록 점차 증가하였고 단백질 수준이 증가할수록 점차 감소하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.411-420
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• 1996

Asia Triple HIn this study an attempt was made to determine the cost of producing fodders at Savar Dairy Farm (SDF). For this purpose, all seasonal fodders, such as Maize, Jowar, Cowpea and Oat and all perennial fodders, such as Para and Napier were studied. The highest acreage of land was allocated to high-land Para (33.8%) and the lowest acreage (2.7%) was devoted to Cowpea. Jowar attained the highest yield (74.2 tons) per hectare and Maize attained the lowest yield (25.8 tons/h). The highest cost per hectare was attributed to Jowar (TK. 20944.18) while the lowest cost was attributed to low-land para (TK. 10349.86). The cost of production of fodder per kilogram was the highest (TK. 0.66) for Maize and the lowest for Oat (TK. 0.24). The cost of production of low-land Para was much lower than that of high land Para. The per kilogram cost of silage production was the highest (TK. 0.71) for Maize and the lowest (TK. 0.31) was for Napier. The gross return analysis further showed that the highest net margin and B:C ratio were observed for Napier followed by Low-land Para, Jowar, Oat, Cowpea, High-land Para and Maize. Therefore, those fodders whose B:C ratios and yield/ha were higher should be allocated more area of land to stimulate increased returns to SDF in the future is suggested.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

The HANARO, a multi-purpose research reactor of 30 MWth, open-tank-in-pool type, has been under normal operation since its initial criticality in February, 1995. The HANARO is composed af inlet plenum, grid plate, core channel with flow tubes and chimney. The reactor core channel is located at about twelve meters (12 m) depth of the reactor pool and cooled by the upward flow that the coolant enters the lower inlet of the plenum, rises up through the grid plate and the core channel and comes out from the outlet of chimney. A fission moly guide tube is extended from the reactor core to the top of the reactor chimney for easily loading a fission moly target under the reactor normal operation. But active coolant through the core can be quickly raised up to the top of the chimney through the guide tube by jet flow. This paper describes an analytical analysis that is the study of the flow behavior through the guide tube under reactor normal operation and unloading the target. As results, it was conformed through the analysis results that the flow rate, reduced to about fourteen kilogram per second (14 kg/s) from the original flow rate of sixteen point three kilogram per second (16.3 kg/s) did not show the guide tube jet.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2008

Of the seven base units of the international system of units, only the kilogram is still defined in terms of a material artifact. One of the experimental approaches opening the way to a new definition of the kilogram is the watt balance To improve the performance of the NPL watt balance, we need to quantify and reduce hysteresis effects in the balance knives. In this paper, we discuss the mechanical characteristics of the knife edges used in the NPL watt balance. The hysteresis mechanism is analyzed using the finite element method. It is found that the cause of hysteresis is not normal stress but shear, and the deformation of the flat, rather than the knife, is an important factor in the hysteresis mechanism. The study presented here, using finite element analysis, suggests that parameters such as material property, tip radius and knife straightness can be more important than others, such as friction coefficient, tip angle, etc.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.190-197
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• 2024

A commercial PbO₂ mesh cylinder electrode was utilized as the anode for the electrochemical degradation of the textile effluent after the biological treatment with the titanium cylinder as the cathode in a self-made tube electrolyzer. The electrochemical performances of the PbO₂ electrode in tube electrolyzer under different initial pH, electrolyte flow rates, current densities and times of the electrochemical degradation were investigated. The experimental results illustrated that the PbO₂ electrode can reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the textile effluent from 94.0 mg L^-1 to 65.0 mg L^-1 with the current efficiency of 88.3%, the energy consumption of 27.7 kWh kg^-1 (per kilogram of degraded COD) and the carbon emissions of 18.0 kg CO₂ kg^-1 (per kilogram of degraded COD) under the optimal operating conditions. In addition, the COD of the textile effluent could be reduced from 94.0 mg L^-1 to 22.0 mg L^-1 after the fifth electrochemical degradation. Therefore, PbO₂ mesh cylinder electrode in the tube cylinder was promising for the electrochemical degradation of the textile effluent.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.48-53
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• 1988

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 리기다소나무판재(板材)를 이용(利用)하여 집성재(集成材)를 제조(製造)할 경우(境遇), 압체시간(壓締時間) 및 접착제도포량(接着劑塗布量), 목재(木材)의 함수율(含水率), Butt-joint의 틈새간격(間隔) 및 접착제(接着劑)의 종류(種類) 등(等)이 접착강도(接着强度)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 알아보기 위해 수행(遂行)되었다. 1. 리기다소나무집성재(集成材)의 제조(製造)에 수성(水性)비닐우레탄접착제(接着劑)를 사용(使用)한 결과(結果), 접착제도포량(接着劑塗布量) 200g/$m^2$, 압체압력(壓締壓力) 10kg/$cm^2$에서 12시간(時間) 압체(壓締)하면 기준강도(基準强度)(50kg/$cm^2$)이상(以上)에 달(達)하였다. 2. 판재(板材)의 함수율(含水率)의 접착력(接着力)을 크게 감소(減少)시켰으나, 고함수시(高含水時) 접착(接着)한 후(後) 기건(氣乾)하여 접착력(接着力)을 측정(測定)한 결과(結果), 100kg/$cm^2$)이상(以上)의 블록전단강도(剪斷强度)를 나타내었다. 3. 판재(板材)의 Butt joint 부분(部分)의 틈새간격(間隔)이 0.5mm이하(以下)인 경우(境遇), 강도(强度)값은 영향(影響)하지 않았고, 하중방향(荷重方向)이 접착력(接着力)과 수치(垂値)일 때가 수평(水平)일 때보다 강도성태(强度性能)이 양호(良好)하였다. 4. 시험(試驗)에 사용(使用)된 5종(種)의 접착제(接着劑) 중(中) 수성(水性)비닐우레탄수지접착제(樹脂接着劑)가 상태(常態) 및 내수접착력면(耐水接着力面)에서 가장 양호(良好)하였다.