• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.72.1-72.14
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• 2022

Background: The treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI), a common disease in dogs, is limited. Therefore, an effective method to prevent AKI in veterinary clinics is particularly crucial. Objectives: Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is the third gaseous signal molecule involved in various physiological functions of the body. The present study investigated the effect of H₂S on cisplatin-induced AKI and the involved mechanisms in dogs. Methods: Cisplatin-injected dogs developed AKI symptoms as indicated by renal dysfunction and pathological changes. In the H₂S-treated group, 50 mM sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) solution was injected at 1 mg/kg/h for 30 min before cisplatin injection. After 72 h, tissue and blood samples were collected immediately. We performed biochemical tests, optical microscopy studies, analysis with test kits, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis. Results: The study results demonstrated that cisplatin injection increased necroptosis and regulated the corresponding protein expression of receptor interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 1, RIPK3, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1; furthermore, it activated the expressions of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor kappa B, and interleukin-1β, in canine kidney tissues. Moreover, cisplatin triggered oxidative stress and affected energy metabolism. Conversely, an injection of NaHS solution considerably reduced the aforementioned changes. Conclusions: In conclusion, H₂S protects the kidney from cisplatin-induced AKI through the mitigation of necroptosis and inflammation. These findings provide new and valuable clues for the treatment of canine AKI and are of great significance for AKI prevention in veterinary clinics.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2015

A 14-year-old, 7.4 kg, neutered male mongrel dog presented with vomiting, anorexia, and hematuria starting 3 days prior to admission. Serum biochemical profiles indicated severe azotemia. Computed tomography revealed loss of normal left kidney structure. The organ was 1.5 to 2 times larger than the right kidney with mixed attenuation. Histopathologic examination was performed after nephrectomy. The renal mass and mesenteric membrane were positive for vimentin and stained blue with Masson's trichrome. In conclusion, this was a rare occurrence of primary renal fibrosarcoma, most likely originated from the renal capsule, with local invasion into the mesenteric membrane.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.329-333
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• 2004

Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) head kidney (HK) leukocytes were incubated with $10^3$ to $10^{-3}$ ng levamisole/ml for 4, 24 or 48 h and then assayed for their natural cytotoxic activity against xenogeneic tumor cells. This activity was slightly increased after 24 h of incubation. In a second experiment, fish were fed 0, 75, 150 or 300 mg levamisole/kg diet for 10 consecutive days. The fish were then fed a commercial non-supplemented diet and sampled 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6 weeks post-administration of levamisole. The cytotoxic activity was found to be increased with increasing levamisole dose and remained greatly enhanced until the end of the experiment. In conclusion, levamisole enhanced flounder natural cytotoxic cell activity both in vitro and in vivo and had a great lasting action when administered by feeding.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.111-115
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• 1992

A round, milkish white mass, approximately $4{\times}4{\times}5cm$ in size was found at the cranial part of the left kidney from a New Zealand White rabbit which was used as an untreated control animal in the safety evaluation test in the Toxicology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology. The mass was lobulated and encapsulated. The cut surface revealed several round well-circumscribed lobules which were 0.5-3cm in diameter. No metastasis was observed. The microscopic features consisted of blastema and epithelial structures at variable stages of differentiation including primitive tubules, ducts, glomeruloid bodies. Normal mesenchymal cells were distributed among them. A diagnosis of nephroblastoma was made on the basis of the gross and microscopic features.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.60-63
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• 2000

Renal hemangioma is an uncommon benign tumor which usually causes painless or painful gross hematuria. Its preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult or even impossible. We experienced three cases of renal hemangioma, located mainly at the pelvocalyceal junction or in the inner medulla. US demonstrated variable echogenecity, and CT revealed a lack of significant enhancement. Where there is gross hematuria in a young adult, especially when the renal mass located in the pelvocalyceal junction or inner medulla shows little enhancement on CT, renal hemangioma should form part of the differential diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2014

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of green tea polyphenol (GTP) on anticancer treatment with cisplatin (CP), using both an in vitro cell culture model and an in vivo mouse model of established breast tumor. Mouse breast cancer cells (EMT6) were treated with or without GTP and CP followed by determination of the cell viability using an MTT assay. The relative cell viability of CP treated EMT6 cells was 96% at a 20 ${\mu}g/mL$ concentration of cisplatin; however, in combination with GTP (50 ${\mu}g/mL$), the cell viability decreased to 20% at the same concentration of CP (20 ${\mu}g/mL$). For the in vivo study, EMT6 cells were inoculated into Balb/c mice for the establishment of a tumor-bearing mice model. The tumor-bearing mice were treated with CP (5 mg/kg. i.p.) with or without dietary GTP (0.2% drinking water). Tumor growth was monitored by a measurement of tumor size using a digital caliper, and nephrotoxicity was determined by enzymatic and histological examinations. The levels of p53 and caspase-3 in tumor tissues were examined by a Western blot. In tumor-bearing mice treated with GTP plus CP, the increment of tumor volume showed a significant reduction, compared with CP or GTP alone. The levels of p53 and cleaved caspase-3 (caspase-3/p17) in tumor tissues of tumor-bearing mice were increased by CP and GTP compared to CP alone. In CP treated tumor-bearing mice, ${\gamma}$-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities were decreased, and marked tubular necrosis and dilatation were observed in the kidney. CP-induced enzymatic and histopathological changes in the kidney of tumor-bearing mice were reduced by combinations of GTP with CP. The results of these experiments demonstrated that dietary GTP has a potentiating effect on CP anti-tumor activity and a protective effect against CP-induced renal dysfunction. Therefore, GTP may be used as a modulator in anticancer treatment with CP.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1597-1599
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• 2013

Since renal failure causes decrease in tumor marker excretion, use of these markers in cancer care and treatment in patients with renal insufficiency or hemodialysis is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate differences of serum levels of tumor markers CA15-3, AFP, CA19-9 and CEA in patients with impaired renal function. A total of 100 patients referred to the Tabriz Immam Reza and Amiralmomenin hospital from June 2010 to November 2011 were selected for study. Subjects were divided to 3 groups of healthy, dialysis and renal failure but non hemodialysis cases, the last category being re-grouped based on creatinine clearance. No significant relationship between different groups in serum levels of CEA (P=0.99) and CA19-9 (P=0.29) tumor markers was found. A significant correlation was observed between serum levels of AFP (P<0.001) and CA15-3 (P<0.001) and also a tendency between creatinine clearance and CEA (r=0.05, P=0.625). Creatinine clearance significantly correlated with AFP (P<0.001, r=0.53) and CA15-3 (p=0.00, r=-0.412), but not CA19-9 (P=0.089, r=-0.171). According to results of this study it appears that use of tumor markers in patients with impaired renal function should be performed with special precautions.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2021

Radiopharmaceuticals are important for tumor diagnosis and therapy. To deliver a radiotracer at the desired target excluding non-targeted tissues is difficult The development of a targeted tracer that has a good clearance profile while maintaining high biostability and biocompatibility is key to optimizing its biodistribution and transport across biological barriers. Improving the hydrophilicity of radiotracers by PEGylation can reduce serum binding, allowing the tracer to circulate without retention and reducing its affinity for non-targeted tissues. In this study, we synthesized a new benzamido tracer (SnBz-PEG₃₆) with the introduction of a low molecular weight polyethylene glycol unit (PEG₃₆, ~2,100 Da). The tumor targeting efficiency and biodistribution of [¹³¹I]-Bz-PEG₃₆ or radiotracer-loaded liposomes were evaluated after their administration to normal mice or mouse tumor models including CT26 (xenograft) and 4T1 (xenograft and orthotopic). Most of the radiotracer was cleared out rapidly (1-24 h post-administration) through the kidney and there was little tumor uptake.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.39-40
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• 2003

Ochratoxin A (OA), a potent nephrotoxin in several species, is knownto be a renal carcinogen in animals and is implicated in the etiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN). The NTP (National Toxicology Program) classified Ochratoxin A as having clear evidence of carcinogenic activity, based on uncommon tubular adenomas and tubular cell carcinomas of the kidney and multiple fibroadenomas of the mammary gland, seen in the rat.(omitted)

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.143-150
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• 1996

Tumor masses from a Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris) of 13 years in age raised at the natural farm in Yong-In were examined grossly and microscopically. The tumors were observed in the subcutis, lung, heart, liver, pancreas, kidney, cecum and spleen. Histologically the tumors were composed of solid anaplastic cells that formed mature or immature small blood vessels and invaded the adjacent parenchyma. The nuclei of the tumor cells were large, vacuolated, and round or ovoid, sometimes dense and ovoid or spindle. The mitotic figures were common and the boundaries between the cells were indistinct. The stroma was very sparse. A diagnosis of this case was made as hemangiosarcoma on the basis of gross and microscopic features.