• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5587-5592
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• 2014

Aloe-emodin (AE), a natural anthraquinone compound, has been reported to exhibit anticancer activity in various cancer cell lines and anti-inflammatory effects in murine macrophages. In the present study, we investigated the cancer chemopreventive effects of AE in an Apc-deficient Min mouse model. In the first experiment, male Min mice were fed a basal diet or diets containing 5 ppm AE and 10 ppm AE for 12 weeks. The dietary administration of 5 ppm AE significantly reduced the number of colorectal tumors. In a second experiment, we investigated the effects of AE on colitis-related colon carcinogenesis in Min mouse treated with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Female Min mice were administered 1% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days. AE was given to mice in their diet at a dose of 5 or 50 ppm for 5 weeks. Feeding with AE significantly reduced the number of colorectal tumors. When proliferation of cells in normal-appearing colonic mucosa was assessed by monoclonal anti-rat Ki-67 antibody (MIB-5) immunohistochemistry in experiments 1 and 2, the AE treatment significantly decreased the mean MIB-5-labeling index. These results suggest that the dietary administration of low-dose AE may have chemopreventive effects against development of colorectal tumors in Min mice, possibly in part by reducing cell proliferation in colorectal mucosa.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2011

The objectives of this study were to assess the rice yields and evaluate fertilizer reduction effect of reclaimed wastewater irrigation in paddy fields using the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) v4.5 model. The experimental plots were designed, which was located near the Suwon wastewater treatment plant in Gyeonggi-do, Korea. The rice yield, irrigation amount, irrigation water quality and soil data were monitored and collected between 2006 and 2009. The DSSAT model was calibrated and validated with observed data. The methods that were used to evaluate this model were the root mean square error (RMSE), normalized root mean square error (nRMSE), and index of agreement (d). The values of RMSE, nRMSE, and d ranged from 145 to $789\;kg\;ha^{-1}$, 3.0 to 13.3 %, and 0.90 to 0.95 for the calibration period, respectively and represented from 91 to $538\;kg\;ha^{-1}$, 2.0 to 10.4 %, 0.94 to 0.98 for the validation period, respectively. Overall, this model showed good agreement with observed data of rice yields irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. The fertilizer reduction effect in paddy field of reclaimed wastewater irrigation was assessed about 60 % in 2008 and 40 % in 2009.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.38-48
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• 1994

Gonadal developmint, age and growth of Ruditapes philippinarum were investigated using samples from the intertidal zone of Simpo on the coast of Kimje, Korea, which were collected onthly for one year from Februaty 1993 to January 1994.Ruditapes philippinarum is diecious in sex. The gonads are located between the subregion of the midintestinal glands and reticular connective tissue of the foot. The ovary is composed of a number of ovarian sacs, and the testis is composed of numerous seminiferous tubules. The clam spawns once a year from early June to darly October, and the main spawning occurred between July and August when the water temperature went above 23$^{\circ}C$. Ripe oocytes are about 65-70${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in diameter. Gonadal phases of this species can be divided into five successive stages; multiplicative(February to March), growing (April to May), mature(Aprilto Septimber), spent(June to October), and degenerative and resting(july to March). Spawning is closely related to the sea water temperature. Based on the monthly variations of marginal index (MI')of the shell, it was suggested that the annual ring mark formation occurred in March once a year and took approximately 8 months (0.67 year) for first ring to be formed on the shell. The relationship between the shell length(SL) and the total weight (TW) was represented by nonlinear equation; TW=1.208 x 10/ sup -4/ S $L^{3.158}$, and also in the relationship be-tweenthe shell length (SL) and the shell height(SH), the shell length and the shell width (SW) were represented by the linear equations; SH=0.726 SL-0.483, SW=0.542 SL-0.803.Growth curves for shell length and total weight fitted to von Bertalanffs equation were expressed as: S $L_{t}$ =68.34(1- $e^{0.221}$(t+0.418)) T $W_{t}$ =75.16(1- $e^{0.221}$(t=0.418))$^{3.158/3.158}$

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2014

댐의 건설은 유황의 변동과 유사의 흐름을 차단하기 때문에 하천의 수리학적 환경에 큰 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구의 목적은 댐의 건설이 댐 하류의 어류의 서식처에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 준정류 모형이 흐름모의에 사용되었으며, 물리 서식처 분석을 위해 HSI 모형을 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 수리모형은 유사이송에 의한 이동상 모의가 가능하다. 유량 시나리오를 통해 댐 건설 전과 후의 피라미에 대한 어류 서식처 조건을 분석하였으며, 모의 결과 댐 건설 후 발전방류로 인하여 피라미의 서식처가 악화되는 빈도가 늘어났다. 또한 댐 하류로부터의 침식이 예측되었다. 이는 상류의 유사량 공급의 차단으로 인하여 나타나는 장기적인 변화이다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2017

This study investigated to predict the compressive strength of unsaturated polyester resin based polymer concrete using the maturity method. The test results show that the development of the compressive strength increased exponentially until an age of 24 hours. After 24 hours, the development of the compressive strength just increased gradually. This test result shows that the strength of unsaturated polyester resin based polymer concrete was developed mainly at the early age. Estimated datum temperature of unsaturated polyester resin based polymer concrete was $-20.67^{\circ}C$ which was much lower than of datum temperature ($-10^{\circ}C$) of Portland cement concrete. Also, this study result shows that the existing maturity index associated with Portland cement concrete was not applicable for polymer concrete because curing time of Portland cement concrete is different clearly with curing time of polymer concrete. The cause of different curing time was that there were different curing mechanisms between Portland cement concrete and polymer concrete. In order to best apply the experimental data to a model, CurveExpert Professional, the commercial software, was used to determine the predictive model regarding the compressive strength of unsaturated polyester resin based polymer concrete. As a result, Gompertz Relation or Weibull Model was an appropriate model as a predictive model. The proposed model can be used to predict the compressive strength, especially, it is more useful when the maturity is in the range between $40^{\circ}C{\cdot}h^{0.4}$ and $900^{\circ}C{\cdot}h^{0.4}$.

• Journal of Breast Cancer
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.447-452
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• 2018

Purpose: The recent trend in breast cancer treatment is to minimize axillary dissection. However, no pattern of axillary metastasis has been precisely established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the metastatic lymphatic pattern using near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) in breast cancer with cytologically proven axillary metastasis. Methods: This was a prospective single-center study. We evaluated 147 patients with breast cancer involving cytologically proven axillary metastasis, and compared physiological and nonphysiological lymphatic metastasis. Results: We performed lymphatic mapping for 64 patients who exhibited level II lymphatic flow on near-infrared fluorescence imaging with ICG, and found that all had axillary metastasis: 51 patients who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and 13 patients post-NAC. Of patients who did not receive NAC, 32 had physiological lymphatic metastasis and 19 had nonphysiological lymphatic metastasis. The risk factors for nonphysiological lymphatic metastasis were age ${\geq}55$ years, high Ki-67 index (>20%), and perinodal extension in both univariate and multivariate analysis (p<0.05). Conclusion: Patients with identified risk factors in cytologically-proven axillary metastasis who did not receive NAC may have nonphysiological lymphatic metastasis.

• Journal of Endocrine Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.228-235
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• 2018

Purpose: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family plays a crucial role in the growth of malignant tumors. EGFR and human EGFR 2 (HER2) protein overexpression are associated with an unfavorable prognosis and are important therapeutic targets in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between EGFR and HER2 expression and clinicopathological factors in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) at a single institution. Methods: A total of 129 consecutive patients with PTC were enrolled in this study and underwent thyroid surgery between October 2013 and February 2015. EGFR and HER2 protein expression was evaluated in the 129 primary tumors by immunohistochemistry, and the results were compared with the clinicopathological features. Results: Of the 129 PTC tumors, 20 (15.5%) were HER2 positive, and 109 (84.5%) were HER2 negative. Moreover, EGFR positivity were observed in 111 (86%) tumors. The mean age of the patients was $46.3{\pm}11.9years$ (range, 20-74 years), and the mean tumor size was $1.08{\pm}0.75cm$ (range, 0.2-3.5 cm). Tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, histological subtype, and TNM stage were not significantly associated with EGFR or HER2 expression. Meanwhile, high Ki-67 labeling index was significantly associated with EGFR expression (P=0.002), HER2 expression was significantly associated with younger age (${\leq}45years$) and cervical lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: Based on our data, it is not clear whether EGFR and HER2 expression is associated with tumor aggressiveness in PTC.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.32-43
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the dietary behavior of experienced shiftwork nurses and aimed to identify factors related to dietary behavior. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis based on the Shift Work Nurses' Health and Turnover study (2018-2021) among Korean nurses. In total, 247 experienced (>12 months) shiftwork nurses were included in this study. The participants' dietary behavior, depression, level of occupational stress, fatigue, physical activity, and general characteristics were measured. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. Results: The dietary behavior score of the participants using the Mini-Dietary Assessment Index was 29.35±5.67. Thirty percent of the participants were depressed, the participants experienced moderate occupational stress, and 74.1% of the participants engaged in an inadequate amount of physical activity. The factors influencing shiftwork nurses' dietary behavior were having child(ren) (β=.16, p=.027), depression (β=-.13, p=.032), level of occupational stress related to occupational climate (β=-.13, p=.035), and an inadequate amount of physical activity (β=-.17, p=.006). These factors explained 10.4% of the variance in experienced shiftwork nurses' dietary behavior scores. Conclusion: Experienced nurses with child(ren) tended to have healthier diets. However, a higher level of occupational stress related to occupational climate, depression, and engaging in an inadequate amount of physical activity were associated with a higher risk of having an unhealthy diet. Therefore, strategies are needed to encourage physical activity and alleviate adverse occupational climate and depression among experienced nurses.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.464-482
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• 2024

This study aimed to determine the effects of humectants on moisture content, water activity, tenderness, color, microbiological analysis, protein denaturation, and oxidation of jerky. A thorough search for papers published in scientific journals that examined the impacts of humectants on jerky was carried out using Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Only 14 studies matched inclusion requirements. They were used in the meta-analysis to synthesise quantitative findings. In the current investigation, jerky produced with beef, poultry, goat, or pork was used. The standardised mean difference (SMD) between treatments with humectants and controls was examined to investigate the effects of humectants using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was investigated using meta-regression. A subgroup analysis was carried out for significant factors. Results revealed that the addition of humectants had no significant impact on water activity, pH, fat, ash, CIE L^*, or CIE a^* (p>0.05). However, humectant addition significantly increased moisture (SMD=1.28, p<0.05), CIE b^* (SMD=1.67, p<0.05), and overall acceptability (SMD=1.73, p<0.05). It significantly decreased metmyoglobin (SMD=-0.96, p<0.05), shear force (SMD=-0.84, p<0.05), and protein (SMD=-1.61, p<0.05). However, it was difficult to get a firm conclusion about how humectants affected the myofibrillar fragmentation index, total plate count, and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances because there were fewer than ten studies. To sum up, the proper use of humectants in jerky demands careful attention to both type and quantity, needing a delicate balancing act with other contributing factors.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.45-71
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• 2015

강원도 인제군에 위치하는 한석산(1,119 m)에 대한 식물상을 2013년 3월부터 2014년 8월까지 조사하였다. 조사 결과 분포가 확인된 관속식물은 101과 337속 520종 5아종 69변종 9품종으로 총 603분류군이었다. 특산식물은 14분류군이었으며, 희귀식물은 취약종(VU)에 5분류군, 약관심종(LC)에 9분류군, 그리고 자료부족종(DD)에 3분류군으로 총 17분류군이었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물로는 V등급 1분류군, IV등급 14분류군, III등급 22분류군, II등급 30분류군, I등급 32분류군으로 총 99분류군이 조사되었다. 귀화식물은 생태계교란야생식물 3분류군을 포함하여 총 37분류군이 확인되었으며, 도시화지수와 귀화율은 각각 11.5%와 6.1%로 산출되었다. 용도는 식용이 223분류군(36.9%)으로 가장 많았고, 목초용 217분류군(35.9%), 약용 165분류군(27.3%), 관상용 67분류군(11.1%), 목재용 22분류군(3.6%) 그리고 다용도 9분류군(1.4%) 등의 순으로 확인되었다.