• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.67.1-67.1
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• 2012

Graphene has attracted much attention for future nanoelectronics due to its superior electrical properties. Owing to its extremely high carrier mobility and controllable carrier density, graphene is a promising material for practical applications, particularly as a channel layer of high-speed FET. Furthermore, the planar form of graphene is compatible with the conventional top-down CMOS fabrication processes and large-scale synthesis by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process is also feasible. Despite these promising characteristics of graphene, much work must still be done in order to successfully develop graphene FET. One of the key issues is the process technique for gate dielectric formation because the channel mobility of graphene FET is drastically affected by the gate dielectric interface quality. Formation of high quality gate dielectric on graphene is still a challenging. Dirac voltage, the charge neutral point of the device, also strongly depends on gate dielectrics. Another performance killer in graphene FET is source/drain contact resistance, as the contact resistant between metal and graphene S/D is usually one order of magnitude higher than that between metal and silicon S/D. In this presentation, the key issues on graphene-based FET, including organic-inorganic hybrid gate dielectric formation, controlling of Dirac voltage, reduction of source/drain contact resistance, device structure optimization, graphene gate electrode for improvement of gate dielectric reliability, and CVD graphene transfer process issues are addressed.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.40-47
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• 2016

Journalism robot by using a computer algorithm, while maintaining the precision and reliability of the existing media refers to an article which is automatically created. In this paper, we introduce 'stock robot' of robot journalism which writes securities articles and describe artificial intelligence algorithms in stages. Key steps of stock robot implemented artificial intelligence algorithm through four steps of data collection and storage, key event extraction, article content production, and article production. This research has developed a stock robot that collects and analyzes data on social issues and stock indexes for the last 2 years. In the future, as the algorithm is further developed, it becomes possible to write securities articles quickly and accurately through social issues. It will also provide customized information tailored to the user's preferences.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.261-272
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• 2022

This study examined the association between key audit matters (KAM) and the cost of debt. Financial records and auditors' reports were used to collect data for the fiscal years 2016 and 2017, which were the first two years after KAM was implemented in Thailand. Samples are listed companies in Thailand, where the financial system is primarily debt-based and external auditors play an important role in maintaining financial reporting quality. The final samples for the two-year period consist of 770 observations. The KAM is measured in three aspects: the number of issues, the number of words, and the readability, while the cost of debt is measured by the ratio of interest expense to total debt. The research finds that the KAM readability is significantly and negatively related to the cost of debt. Meanwhile, the number of issues and words have no significant effect on the cost of debt. The finding suggests that auditors' writing skills play a crucial role in the lending decisions of creditors.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.261-272
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• 2009

This paper explores the key facts of residents' participation in local development projects and activities. Analysing in what ways indifferent residents pay attention to local issues and participate in local activities, this paper aims to suggest the effective ways of residents' participation for local capacity building. By in-depth interviews with active participants in local projects, this paper elucidates three key facts for boosting residents' participation: first, the approval of community about what they have done in community: second, social networking which contains full of trust and solidarity: third, the effort to coincide their personal interest with their local issues.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.137-154
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• 2019

Singapore has seen a phenomenal and an unprecedented transformation from a swampland to a high density urban environment since its independence in 1965, made possible largely and single-handedly by the sustained efforts of its government. Indeed, urban space is a key vehicle for achieving urban social, environmental, economic, and cultural sustainability. The dense urban context in Singapore has seen an emergence and increase in elevated spaces in the form of sky-gardens, sky-bridges and sky-courts in a range of building types, seemingly seeking to tie together the different horizontal and vertical components of the city. This paper, therefore, examines the effectiveness of elevated urban spaces and pedestrian networks in Singapore and their ability to contribute to the horizontal to vertical transitions, and consequently to the urban vitality and accessibility. It does this through the analysis of two key developments: Marina Bay Sands and the Jurong Gateway. In particular, it considers the implications of certain constraints placed on urban spaces by their inherent location at height, in addition to the familiar privatization of public spaces, over-management of spaces, and their somewhat utilitarian characteristics. The paper argues that some of these issues may pose detrimental effects on the publicness of these spaces that in turn may lead to such spaces being underused and therefore adding redundancies and further stress to Singapore's urban land. Finally, the paper outlines key strategies that may help overcome the aforementioned issues, including the disjuncture associated with elevated spaces such that they may become a seamless extension of the urban spaces on ground.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.41-51
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.290.1-290.1
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• 2003

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.347-372
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• 2009

International investment has been gaining the importance in the economic growth, employment and technological spillover for many countries at the time of unrestrained flow of the production resources, inter alia, the capital. International investment is prerequisite for Korea to overcome its resource-scarcity. This paper studied some contentious issues of international investment and attempted to suggest negotiating position for Korea on future FTAs. We have made theoretical research of the issues and derived common denominators from four previous FTAs which Korea has concluded. Based on both theories and evidences, we suggest that Korea be ready to have more open attitude for incoming international investment, that is, foreign direct investment(FDI) in future FTA negotiations although Korea should have rather flexible strategy on international investment issues, on the basis of the reciprocity.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.18-34
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• 2000

The evolution of mobile communications is inducting several new issues belonging to the system engineering disciplines. this paper tires to underline some of the most important problems staring room the novel requirements and the application characteristics expected for Third Generation Mobile System. Based on these new service peculiarities. the radio resource control and the architectural solutions to be chosen for the Mobile core network are becoming key issues to be investigated for the forthcoming configurations. Particularly. the service acceptance control and the perspective of integration with the IP (internet Protocol) context are of great importance for the definition of the radio control functions and the specification of the switching and nobility control features respectively．The paper presents some basic considerations on the cellular planning issues arising in W-CDMA ( wideband -code division Multiple access) systems. by underlying the most significant innovative elements that are to be introduced in the planning process form the mobile operator viewpoint..

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1240-1240
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• 2022

Construction projects are fraught with risks from cost or other overruns to accidents along with other issues. This is true whether the relevant organization is an owner, general contractor, CM, specialty-trade contractor, or other entity. When cost issues or other issues confront arise, how should an organization proceed whether attempting to gain additional compensation in terms of cost/other damages or protecting the same against such claims if they do not appear to be warranted? Enter construction cost forensics. This presentation will focus on strategies/techniques with construction cost forensics in these areas in order to be successful. Covered techniques include those to develop and analyze claims including fundamental construction cost analysis techniques. When an unexpected event disrupts a construction project, using sound analytical methods to identify the cause and quantify the extent of the issue will be important for negotiating a fair result or for obtaining a successful outcome in arbitration or litigation. Key examples of uncovering issues via construction cost forensics will be covered in this presentation.