• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• 제1호
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• pp.176-182
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• 2001

The case for study in this paper is the Main Plan and Management for the Fukutoshin; the restructure of Nishi Shinjuku, This plan was first outlines in 1960, and includes a vast area of 96 ha for redevelopment. It aims to create a totally new center in the city. This was the first case in Japan, and in the world of a plan of these magnitudes. involving urban landscape restructuring from three points: Landscape (open spaces for public use: the Shinjuku Central Park and the surrounding area of the buildings), transport and commercial building developments. The Landscape plan for the green areas was decided in a way to compensate the population of the area and the visitors. As a rule, high-rise building constructions are placed each one in single lots and are surrounded by open spaces and greenery. Pedestrain areas are widened and also connected by bridges in a way to allow free circulation, and interconnection between the constructions and the green areas. Another important factor is the role that Private Corporation, and public interest plays. Joining these two forces has allowed the concretization of this project. This interpolation between public and private roles was an innovation in Japan, and it also the key for the concretion of the project. The historical review of the process and management of this project help us to put into perspective the introduction of new concepts and ideas, which were not related at that time to traditional Japanese Landscaping. Furthermore we are better able to understand the substantial increase in the percentage of land dedicated to green areas in contrast to the typical standards of Japanese cities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2012

Carlos Jimenez's 'House and Studio' was self-designed to fully function as both a home and workplace. Since its establishment in 1983, the installation has been continuously updated for almost 30 years solely under the guidance of the owner's life occurrences and routine needs. The additions and alterations succeeding the building's erection were executed to incorporate small yet symbolic fragments of the resident's memories and life episodes. The particularity of the 'House and Studio' can be compared with other residential remodeling and expansion projects in regards to certain key aspects. These means of comparison include, but are not limited to, building strictly under the direction of a master plan of development vs. allowing natural adaptations that comply with the resident's needs, rapid development vs. gradual advancement, the ornamenting by exposing showy features vs. the enhancing by addition of modest natural components, sustainability vs. sustenance, systematic room divisions vs. ambiguous spatial organization, possession as a materialized asset vs. preservation as a recollection of memories, and finally the recognition as one example of signature architecture vs. the witnessing of a maturing animated shelter. The given propositions can be further explained with the comprehension of Erich Fromm's theory of the 'Having' mode and 'Being' mode, two mechanisms that categorize the essence of human life. The 'Having' mode is described by the human greed for wealth, power, and influence, whereas the 'Being' mode is comprised of compassion, joy, and productivity. Fromm's thesis applies to the general sense of human life, but the ideas can be narrowed to accommodate the architectural standpoint. In architecture, the 'Having' mode can be translated to be the conspicuous form-oriented and self-contained object. The 'Being' mode, on the other hand, is transposed as the more natural form, incorporating the needs of the owner before commercialization. The growth of Jimenez's 'House and Studio' can be perceived as an architectural suggestion to the overcoming of human indifference caused by fixation on the 'Having' mode.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the way applying a school garden for the creative experience activity on the school learning program. For this study, the 27s elementary students who were the 5th and 6th grades participated in this program. And the 10units lessons programs what were consisted with the inquiry, debating, and cooperating activities were developed, and applying to classroom and school garden. The key concepts of developing program were 'rocks which were in the school garden'. he results are follows, for the creative experience activity on the school teaching/learning program, the school garden has useful value as teaching/learning field. The teaching/learning activity applying the school garden makes an offer the awareness to students that the knowledges learned in school were actually relative with their life. Also, the students are affirmatively participate to learning, debate, and cooperate activities because the school garden is very familiar environment to them. Lastly, the students are interesting in learning classes because they think that the school garden environments will reform actually to new shape of their ideas. After this learning were finishing, most of students indicated their intention with satisfaction. Some of them suggested applying the additional program using the school garden. Consequently, the school garden has the very useful value for applying program of the teaching/learning in elementary school education.

• Resources Recycling
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.82-91
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• 2016

The framework act on resource circulation was got through the Korea National Assembly in May, 2016. It is the most important to analyze and understand its purpose, main contents, and policy direction of the framework act because this act will lead the resource circulation policy. Korea government is going to enact subordinate statutes such as its enforcement decree and regulation to enforce the act in January, 2018. No later than enforcement of the act, its subordinate statutes should be studied indepth and consulted without any bias in order to satisfy the intent - promotion of transition toward a resource circulation society - of the act. Therefore, in this study, the points in dispute in the act are indicated and the issues and specific directions of key articles are reviewed. The ideas to maximize the effectiveness of its subordinate statutes are also suggested.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• 제23권
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• pp.265-293
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• 2011

This study focused on the literary world of T. Tolstaya, a Russian writer who takes a crucial position in contemporary Russian literature, drawing upon the wrier's a couple of short stories. 'Youth' is a key motive encompassing all works of Tolstaya, so that it becomes the poetic keynote among her literary works. In order to examine such distinctions of the main characters' world awareness in their youth as shown in Tolstaya's literary works, Chapter 2 of this paper paid a special attention to the analyse of her representative works such as "Sitting on a Golden Terracing Stone" and "Meeting with a Bird", and expressed potential implications of youth with mimetic imagination for her. For Tolstaya, youth is perceived as a paradise but original imagination of youth gradually fades away in adult and ends up with a lost paradise. This is why Tolstaya uses poetic means based on nostalgia for youth like paradise and literary motto for recovery of imagination in youth. In this regard, this study particularly examined the retrospective prologue resisting the power of time as well as different fictional characters living in her own fantastic world. As a result, this study draws a conclusion that such longing and nostalgia for youth and lost paradise as delineated by Tolstaya through retrospective prologue and characters speak for an existential speculation that explores any profound implication of afflictions in reality of human life, rather than focusing on the painful reality of human life which consists of honest dialogues with realities like 'darkness' and 'pain.' In addition, this study, complying with Zolotonosov's ideas which deal with and define Tolstaya's literary works as a shabby and humble box invisibly containing a full wealth of precious jewels inside, sheds a new light on the writer's literary world.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.45-57
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• 2019

This study aims to explore the policy directions to apply and activate the appropriate technology in rural areas from the perspective of the endogenous and sustainable regional development theories. To this end, according to the analysis framework based on ideas, values, and strategies that are common to both endogenous regional development strategic theories and sustainable regional development theories, in this paper, various surveys and reviews were conducted on the study areas to explore the possibility of localization of the appropriate technology. The policy implications derived from research results are as follows; first, rural areas have high potential and scalability to apply and activate the appropriate technology, particularly in the field of renewable energy, due to their nature based on local resources. Second, for the practical application of the appropriate technology, first of all, together with the establishment of the role of public sector, it is necessary to plan the projects based on the cooperation network of the relevant innovation entities within and outside the regions and to build the implementation systems. Third, the training system for high skilled manpower and indigenous entrepreneurs should be stably built in order to create independent conditions, which are key elements for growth of the appropriate technology. Fourth, there is a need to find the market and establish policies that can solve the typical economic problems of rural areas such as aging population, depopulation and decline in youth, economic unrest. Fifth, in order for the appropriate technology to contribute to socio-economic innovations and the revitalization of the virtuous circle economy in the region, technical items and various business items suitable for the industrial infrastructures and autonomous conditions of rural areas are essential.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.43-55
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• 2021

Unlike nail care, nail art is a field with strong decorative elements that decorate the surface of the nail. In line with the trend of the times, which freely expresses one's personality, nail art is establishing itself as a definite and a key area in the beauty industry. Currently, design creation and technology developments are important, with the release of various nail materials and new trends that spread through mass media. Despite the great developments in the nail beauty industry, there is a lack for nail artists. Due to this fact, it is considered a necessary to combine nail art with the contemporary art styles, which have various motifs of design, and to study nail art design using them. In response, this study selected art from the Rococo era, where delicate and colorful decorative elements were at their peak, to consider the artistic styles of the time and present them in various nail designs. This study would like to expand the scope of new nail designs by suggesting colorful and feminine designs to women, who are the main customers of nail salon. In addition, the purpose of this study is to provide nail artists with basic materials that can be used in creative ideas and expressions, such as 2D and 3D nail designs, and composite nail design art, which are the art areas for nail art.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2021

Wisdom Contents are created with experiences and ideas of multiple authors, and consumed in Internet based Social Network Services that are not subjected to regional restrictions. Existing copyright management systems are designed for the protection of professional authors' rights, and effective in domestic area. On the contrary, the blockchain protocol is subjected to the service and the block is added by the consensus of participating nodes. If the data is stored to the blockchain, it cannot be modified or deleted. In this paper, we propose the blockchain based undeniable multi-signature scheme for the protection of multiple authorship on Wizdom Contents. The proposed scheme is consisted of co-authors' common public key generation, multi-signature generation and verification protocols. In the undeniable signature scheme, the signature cannot be verified without help of the signer. The proposed scheme is best suited to the contents purchase protocol. All co-authors cannot deny the fairness of the automated profit distribution through the verification of multiple authorship on Wizdom Contents.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.667-684
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• 2022

Gene expression data present the level of mRNA abundance of each gene, and analyses of gene expressions have provided key ideas for understanding the mechanism of diseases and developing new drugs and therapies. Nowadays high-throughput technologies such as DNA microarray and RNA-sequencing enabled the simultaneous measurement of thousands of gene expressions, giving rise to a characteristic of gene expression data known as high dimensionality. Due to the high-dimensionality, learning models to analyze gene expression data are prone to overfitting problems, and to solve this issue, dimension reduction or feature selection techniques are commonly used as a preprocessing step. In particular, we can remove irrelevant and redundant genes and identify important genes using gene selection methods in the preprocessing step. Various gene selection methods have been developed in the context of machine learning so far. In this paper, we intensively review recent works on gene selection methods using machine learning approaches. In addition, the underlying difficulties with current gene selection methods as well as future research directions are discussed.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2023

In China, enterprises are increasingly shifting the focus of their reforms toward stimulating the development of organizational effectiveness under the guidance of the long-term planning system. Innovative ideas and constructive suggestions originating internally are likely to inject new vitality into their ongoing development, allowing them to better face new global opportunities and challenges. Therefore, this study verifies the impact of voice endorsement and outcomes for the workers in china and selected perceived organizational support as a mediator variable. Based on theoretical research, this study proposes and tests 6 key research hypotheses using structural equation modeling(SEM). Data were collected from employees in China by the survey method. The analysis results reveal that perceived organizational support plays a mediating role in the relationship between voice endorsement and the outcomes of job satisfaction, job commitment, and job performance except for job stress.