• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.265-276
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• 1999

주문형 비디오 시스템은 향후 도래할 멸티미디어 서비스 시대의 핵심 응용 분야이다. 본 연구에서는 최큰 엔터프라이즈나 연구용으로 각광받고 있는 Linux 커널상에서 저가형 PC 클러스터 링 환경을 구축하여 호스트 단위로 확장 가능한 VOD시스템(SVOD : Scalable VOD)을 설계 및 구현하였다. 본 연구의 주요 기여는 다음과 같다. 첫째, MPEG과 같은 연속매체를 서비스하기 위해서 기존의 텍스트용 Linux Ext2 파일시스템을 디스크 배열상에서 VOD전용으로 개발하였다. 둘째, 호스트 단위로 확장가능하도록 스트립 서버를 구축하였다. 셋째, 클라이 언트는 마이크로소프트 DirectShow$\circledR$SCOM (Component Object ModeJ)을 이용하여 하드웨 어 지원없이 소프트웨어 디코더를 구현하였다 넷째, 서버와 클라이언트 사이의 흐름제어를 이용하여 클라이 언트 버퍼의 Overflow와 Underflow 발생을 억제하고, 이를 통한 FF(Fast Forward) VCR연산을 제공한다 연구결과, 저가의 PC서버와 무료 운영체제인 Linux상에서 쓰레드 기반의 확장가능한 VOD시스템 개발이 가능하였다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.209-219
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• 2016

영상처리에 쓰이는 기계학습 방법 중 하나인 SVM은 일반화 능력이 뛰어나 객체를 분류하는 성능이 뛰어나다. SVM을 이용하여 객체를 분류하기 위해서는 여러 번의 MAC 연산을 반복해서 수행해야 한다. 하지만 영상의 해상도가 늘어남에 따라 분류를 해야 하는 개체가 늘어나게 되면 연산 시간이 증가하게 되어 실시간 처리를 요하는 고속 시스템에 사용하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 실시간 처리를 요하는 고속 시스템에서도 사용이 가능한 SVM 분류기 하드웨어 구조를 제안한다. 실시간 처리를 하는데 제한 요소가 되는 반복 연산은 병렬처리를 통하여 동시에 계산할 수 있게 하였고 다양한 종류의 특징점 추출기와도 호환이 가능하도록 설계하였다. 하드웨어 구현에 사용한 커널은 RBF 커널이며 커널 사용으로 생기는 지수 연산은 식을 변형하여 고정소수점 연산이 가능하도록 하였다. 제안한 하드웨어의 성능을 확인하기 위해 Xilinx ZC706 보드에 구현하였고 $1360{\times}800$ 해상도 이미지에 대한 수행 시간은 동작 주파수 100 MHz에서 약 60.46 fps로 실시간 처리가 가능함을 확인했다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2022

Objectives: There should be an objective analysis on the academic competency for incorporating Computer-based Test (CBT) in the education of traditional Korean medicine (TKM). However, the Item Response Theory (IRT) for analyzing latent competency has not been introduced for its difficulty in calculation, interpretation and utilization. Methods: The current study analyzed responses of 390 students of 8 years to the herbology test with 14 items by utilizing Rasch model, and the characteristics of test and items were evaluated by using characteristic curve, information curve, difficulty, academic competency, and test score. The academic competency of the students across gender and years were presented with scale characteristic curve, Kernel density map, and Wright map, and examined based on T-test and ANOVA. Results: The estimated item, test, and ability parameters based on Rasch model provided reliable information on academic competency, and organized insights on students, test and items not available with test score calculated by the summation of item scores. The test showed acceptable validity for analyzing academic competency, but some of items revealed difficulty parameters to be modified with Wright map. The gender difference was not distinctive, however the differences between test years were obvious with Kernel density map. Conclusion: The current study analyzed the responses in the herbology test for measuring academic competency in the education of TKM using Rasch model, and structured analysis for competency-based Teaching in the e-learning era was suggested. It would provide the foundation for the learning analytics essential for self-directed learning and competency adaptive learning in TKM.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2018

오차 신호에 대해 가우시안 커널이 가지는 과도신호 차단효과를 기반으로 설계된 오차분포와 델타함수 사이의 유클리드 거리(ED)가 충격성 잡음하에서 효과적인 성능준거로 사용되어왔다. ED의 최소화 과정에서 필요한 기울기는 두 가지 성분, 즉, 오차 쌍의 커널함수에 대한 성분$A_k$와 오차 샘플 자체의 커널함수에 대한 성분 $B_k$를 가진다. 이 논문에서는 성분 $A_k$가 오차 샘플들을 서로 결집시키는 역할과 관련되어 있으며, 성분 $B_k$는 오차샘플들의 결집위치가 영(0)이 되는 문제와 관련되어 있다고 분석되었다. 이 분석에 기반하여, 이 논문에서는 오차 샘플간 간격을 좁히는 역할을 강화하고자 $A_k$를 커널 통과된 오차쌍의 전력으로 정규화하고, 오차 샘플들을 0점에 당기는 역할을 강화하고자 $B_k$를 커널 통과된 오차샘플 자체의 전력으로 정규화하는 방안을 제안하였다. 충격성 잡음과 다중경로 페이딩 채널 환경하에서 시뮬레이션을 시행하여, 정상상태의 MSE 가지는 흔들림 정도와 최소 MSE 값을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 제안된 방식이 가지는 효용성과 두 성분의 역할이 분석과 일치함이 규명되었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제6권12호
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• pp.1113-1119
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• 2000

To operate a process plant safely and economically, process monitoring is very important. Process monitoring is the task to identify the state of the system from sensor data. Process monitoring includes data acquisition, regulatory control, data reconciliation, fault detection, etc. This research focuses on the data recon-ciliation using scale-space filtering and fault detection using functional-link associative neural networks. Scale-space filtering is a multi-resolution signal analysis method. Scale-space filtering can extract highest frequency factors(noise) effectively. But scale-space filtering has too large calculation costs and end effect problems. This research reduces the calculation cost of scale-space filtering by applying the minimum limit to the gaussian kernel. And the end-effect that occurs at the end of the signal of the scale-space filtering is overcome by using extrapolation related with the clustering change detection method. Nonlinear principal component analysis methods using neural network have been reviewed and the separately expanded functional-link associative neural network is proposed for chemical process monitoring. The separately expanded functional-link associative neural network has better learning capabilities, generalization abilities and short learning time than the exiting-neural networks. Separately expanded functional-link associative neural network can express a statistical model similar to real process by expanding the input data separately. Combining the proposed methods-modified scale-space filtering and fault detection method using the separately expanded functional-link associative neural network-a process monitoring system is proposed in this research. the usefulness of the proposed method is proven by its application a boiler water supply unit.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2015

Purpose: Corn is a major commercial crop targeted for genetic modification owing to its high consumer demand as a foodstuff for humans and livestock, as well as its other industrial applications. However, the safety of genetically modified (GM) crops is controversial. Indeed, several countries have banned the importation of GM seeds that can germinate. Therefore, development of effective, convenient, and nondestructive methods to inhibit seed germination is required. Methods: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of microwave heat treatment for inhibition of germination of corn kernels and for optimization of power and exposure time required for effective aging treatment. Artificial inhibition was induced in corn kernels using microwave heat treatment. Seven power levels were examined (400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 W) at each of the four exposure times (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 min). Results: Corn kernels could be aged effectively after heating for 0.5~1.0 min at powers greater than 800 W, with increasing efficacy observed at higher powers. Further analysis showed that the most effective inhibition of germination was observed at 1000 W for 40 s. This setting did not cause any physical damage to the corn kernels. Conclusions: Optimal inhibition of corn kernel germination was achieved using higher power for shorter times, which may be useful for industrial corn seed treatment.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제2권5호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2008

LCD-BLU (Liquid Crystal Display - Back Light Unit) is one of kernel parts of LCD unit and it consists of several optical sheets(such as prism, diffuser and protector sheets), LCP (Light Guide Plate), light source (CCFL or LED) and mold frame. The LGP of LCD-BLU is usually manufactured by forming numerous dots with $50-200{\mu}m$ in diameter on it by erosion method. But the surface of the erosion dots of LGP is very rough due to the characteristics of the erosion process during the mold fabrication, so that its light loss is high along with the dispersion of light into the surface. Accordingly, there is a limit in raising the luminance of LCD-BLU. Especially, the negative and positive micro-lens pattern fabricated by modified LiGA with thermal reflow process was applied to the optical design of LGP.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1376-1383
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• 2001

Meshless methods, developed in various ways over the past decade, have been attractive as new computational methods in that they do not need mesh generation in analyzing procedure. But most of these methods were not truly meshless methods because background meshes were required for the spatial integration of a weak form. Accordingly, in this paper, nodal integration for truly meshless methods has been studied, and an improvement scheme is proposed. To improve stabilization and accuracy, which are the weak points in previous nodal integration methods, the integration area is transformed to circle and then numerically integrated. This method does not need any adding term for stabilization in the variational formulation and then simplifies the integration procedure. Numerical test results show that the proposed method is more accurate, stable, and reasonable than the existed nodal integration methods.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.211-222
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• 2013

중도절단된 자료가 있을 경우 조건부 분위수함수를 비모수적으로 추정하는 문제에 대하여 다루고 있다. 역함수에 근거한 방법인 Yu와 Jones (1998)에 의해 제안된 중복커널기법 추정량과 Lee 등(2006)의 국소로지스틱기법 추정량을 중도절단된 자료가 있는 경우로 수정하여 새롭게 제안하고, 이들을 기존의 Koenker와 Bassett (1978)의 점검함수에 근거한 커널평활 추정량들과 모의실험을 통해 비교해 보았다. 모의실험을 통하여 역함수에 근거한 추정량들은 조건부 분포가 대칭인 모형에서, 점검함수기법 추정량들은 한쪽으로 치우친 분포인 경우에 조건부 분위수를 대체로 더 잘 추정하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2008

These days, mobile embedded systems adopt flash memory capable of XIP feature since they can reduce memory usage, power consumption, and software load time. XIP provides direct access to ROM and flash memory for processors. However, using XIP incurs unnecessary degradation of applications' performance because direct access to ROM and flash memory shows more delay than that to main memory. In this paper, we propose a memory management framework, dynamic XIP, which can resolve the performance degradation of using XIP. Using a constrained RAM cache, dynamic XIP can dynamically change XIP region according to page access pattern to reduce performance degradation in execution time or energy consumption resulting from native XIP problem. The proposed framework consists of a page profiler gathering applications' memory access pattern using PMU and an XIP manager deciding that a page is accessed whether in main memory or in flash memory. The proposed framework is implemented and evaluated in Linux kernel. Our evaluation shows that our framework can reduce execution time at most 25% and energy consumption at most 22% compared with using XIP-only case adopted in general mobile embedded systems. Moreover, the evaluation shows that in execution time and energy consumption, our modified LRU algorithm with code page filters can reduce more than at most 90% and 80% respectively compared with applying just existing LRU algorithm to dynamic XIP.