• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.499-507
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• 2020

In current study, utilizing the Kelvin's theory with polynomial, exponential and trigonometric volume fraction laws for functionally graded cylindrical shell vibrations. Effects of different parameters for ratios of length- and height-to-radius and angular speed versus fundamental natural frequencies been determined for two categories of cylindrical shells with clamped-free edge condition. By increasing different value of height-to-radius ratio, the resulting backward and forward frequencies increase and frequencies decrease on increasing length-to-radius ratio. Moreover, on increasing the rotating speed, the backward frequencies increases and forward frequencies decreases. The frequencies are same when the cylinder is stationary. The frequencies increases and decreases on changing the constituent materials. The frequency results are verified with the earlier literature for the applicability of present model.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.301-312
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• 2020

This research deals with the study of the orthotropic vibrational features of single-walled carbon nanotubes according to Kelvin's model and to check the accuracy of the models, the results have been compared with earlier modeling/simulations. Obtaining rough approximations of the natural frequencies of CNTs using continuum equations are still a common procedure, even at high harmonics. The effects of different physical and material parameters on the fundamental frequencies are investigated for zigzag and chiral single-walled carbon nanotubes invoking Kelvin's theory. By using nonlocal Kelvin's model, the fundamental natural frequency spectra for two forms of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been calculated. The influence of frequencies with nonlocal parameters and bending rigidity are investigated in detail for these tubes. Computer software MATLAB is utilized for the frequencies of SWCNTs and current results shows a good stability with comparison of other studies.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.343-354
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• 2020

In this paper, vibration characteristics of chiral double-walled carbon nanotubes entrenched on Kelvin's model. The Eringen's nonlocal elastic equations are being combined with Kelvin's theory to observe small scale response. A nonlocal model has been formulated to explore the frequency spectrum of chiral double-walled CNTs along with diversity of indices and nonlocal parameter. Wave propagation is proposed technique to establish field equations of model subjected to four distinct end supports. The significance of scale effect in relevance of length-to-diameter and thickness- to- radius ratios are discussed and displayed in detail.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.8-17
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• 1997

A study has been carried out on the instability of a conical liquid sheet by using the linear instability theory. Various analytical methods using the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability theory were tried to examine the wave growth on cylindrical liquid sheets. Cylinderical liquid sheets were extended to the case with the conical sheets. Perturbations due to tangential motion as well as longitudinal one were taken into account. And it was assumed the the breakup occurs when amplitude ratio exceeds exp(12), drop sizes were predicted only by theoretical approach. The predicted drop size agreed well with the measured Sauter mean diameter, $D_{32}$.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1987

The wave resistance of ships is calculated with the numerical solution of the Newmann-Kelvin problem. For the sake of the numerical evaluation of the Green function, Shen and Farell's method is used[7]. In particular, the contribution of the line integral term in the Neumann-Kelvin problem to the calculated values of the wave resistance is shown. For the Wigley's hull the calculated values of the wave resistance and the wave profiles at the hull surface are in fairly good agreement with the experimental data. However, for the series 60 hull and the practical hull, a 454,000 cubic feet reefer vessel, the calculated results of the wave resistance show definte hollows and humps considering the experimental result.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.44-54
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• 1996

A theoretical and experimental study was carried out on the prediction of drop size distribution of the pressure swirl atomizer. Drop size distribution was obtained by using maximum entropy formal ism. Several constraints in the form of the definition of mean diameter were used in this formulation in order to avoid the difficulties of the estimating source terms. In this study $D_{10}$ was only introduced into the formulation as a constraint. A drop size obtained by using linear Kelvin-Helmholtz instability theory was considered as an unknown characteristic length scale. As a result, the calculated drop size was agreed well with measured mean diameter, particularly with $D_{32}$. The predicted drop size distribution was agreed welt with experimental data measured wi th Malvern 2600.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.307-322
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• 2020

In this article, free vibration of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT) based on nonlocal Kelvin's model have been investigated. For this purpose, a nonlocal Kelvin's model is established to observe the small scale effect. The wave propagation is employed to frame the governing equations as eigenvalue system. The influence of nonlocal parameter subjected to different end supports has been overtly examined. The new set of inner and outer tubes radii investigated in detail against aspect ratio. The influence of boundary conditions via nonlocal parameter is shown graphically. Due to small scale effect fundamental frequency ratio decreases as length to diameter ratio increases. Small scale effect becomes negligible on all end supports for the higher values of aspect ratio. With the smaller inner tube radius double-walled CNT behaves more sensitive towards nonlocal parameter. The results generated furnish the evidence regarding applicability of nonlocal model and also verified by earlier published literature.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1998

A theoretical and experimental study was carried out to predict the drop size distribution of the pressure swirl atomizer. Various analytical methods using the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability theory were tried to examine the wave growth on cylindrical liquid sheets. Cylinderical liquid sheets were extended to the case with the conical sheets. Perturbations due to tangential motion as well as longitudinal one were taken into account. And it was assumed that the breakup occurs when amplitude ratio exceeds exp(12), drop sizes were predicted only by theoretical approach. Drop size distribution was obtained by using maximum entropy formalism. Seven constraints in the form of the definition of mean diameter were used in this formulation in order to avoid the difficulties of estimating source terms. In this study $D_{10}$ only was introduced into the formulation as a constraint. The predicted drop size and drop size distribution agreed well with the measured data.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1992

선체 표면상에 Havelock 쏘오스를 분포시켜 선체 표면상의 경계조건을 만족시키는 N-K 이론을 사용하여 선체에 작용하는 조파저항을 구하였다. 수치계산시 Havelock 쏘오스, 혹은 Green 함수는 Noblesse(1977)가 제시한 형태를 사용하였고, 국부교란항은 Newman(1987), 파도교란항은 Baar & Price(1988)를 따라 각각 수행하였다. 선체표면에 대한 수치적분은 Gauss 구적법을 사용하여 수행하였고, 쏘오스의 세기는 겹선형함수로 선체표면에 걸쳐 연속이라고 가정하였다. 또 조파저항계산은 원장에서의 자유표면을 나타내는 식을 사용하여 de Sendagorta & Grases(1988)의 방법에 따라 구하였다. Wigley선형에 대한 계산을 수행하여 선적분항에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였고, 계산치를 기존의 실험치와 비교한 결과 잘 일치하고 있음을 확인하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.809-817
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• 2020

In cells, the microtubules are surrounded by viscoelastic medium. Microtubules, though very small in size, perform a vital role in transportation of protein and in maintaining the cell shape. During performing these functions waves propagate and this propagation of waves has been investigated using nonlocal elastic theory. But the effect of surrounding medium was not taken into account. To fill this gap, this study considers the viscoelastic medium along with nonlocal elastic theory. The analytical formulas of the velocity of waves, and the results reveal that the presence of medium reduces the velocity. The axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric waves are separately discussed. Furthermore, the results are compared with the results gained from the studies of free microtubules. The presence of medium around microtubules results in the increase of the flexural rigidity causing a significant decrease in radial wave velocity as compared to axial and circumferential wave velocities. The effect of viscoelastic medium is more obvious on radial wave velocity, to a lesser extent on torsional wave velocity and least on longitudinal wave velocity.