• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.47-59
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• 1993

The criticality of the shipping cask(KSC-7) for transportion of 7PWR spent fuel assemblies has been calculated and analysised on the basis of neutron transport theory. For criticality analysis, effects of the rod pitches, the fixed neutron absorbers(borated sus+boral) were considered. The effective multiplication factor has been calculated by KENO-Va, Mote Carlo method computer code, with the HANSEN-ROACH 16 group cross section set, which was made for personal computer system. The criticality for the KSC-7 cask was calculated in terms of the fresh fuel which was conservative for the aspects of nuclear critility. From the results of criticality analysis, the calculated Keff is proved to be lower than subcritical limit during normal transportation and under hypothetical accident condition. The maximum calculated criticalities of the KSC-7 were lower the safety criticality limit 1.0 recommended by US 10CFR71 both under normal and hypothetical accident condition. Also, to verify the KSC-7 criticality calculation results by using KENO-Va, it was carried out benchmark calculation with experimental data of B & W(Bobcock and Wilcox) company. From the 3s series of calculation of the KSC-7 cask and benchmark calculation, the cask was safely designed in nuclear criticality, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1999

Herbicidal activities of newly synthesized experimental compound, KSC-13906 [Erythro N-{(4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbgnyl}-2-(2-fluoro-1- hydroxy-n-propyl)benzenesulfonamide, US Patent 5,461,025], were investigated in greenhouse and field for development as a paddy herbicide. KSC-13906 exihibited excellent weeding effects and selectivity to rice under submerged paddy condition in geenhouse. At the application rate of $2.5{\sim}5$ g ai/ha treated on surface of water, KSC-13906 effectively controlled three annual weeds such as Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzicola. Scirpus juncoides, and Monochoria vaginalis as well as five perennial weeds such as Cyperus serotinus, Sagittaria pygmaea, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Potamogeton distinctus, and S. trifolia. However, there was no effect on Aneilema keisak and Lindernia procumbens. Especially, KSC-13906 effectively controlled Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzicola at growth stages ranging from pre-emergence to 3-leaf stage. Antagonistic interaction was found between pyrazosulfuron-ethyl and mefenacet, but not between KSC-13906 ana mefenacet. KSC-13906 had high selectivity to transplanted rice, but caused phytotoxic effect on direct-seeded rice when treated before 3-leaf stage. Herbicidal activity of KSC-13906 on the Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzicola was 7-folds greater than that of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl in terms of relative dose ratio of the herbicides. These results suggest that KSC-13906 possesses selective herbicidal potency in rice.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.175-180
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• 1997

Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella ser. typhimurium are pathogens involved in food poisoning in numerous countries. This study aimed to obtain knowleges on the survival of E. coli O157:H7 KSC 109 and S. ser. typhimurium ATCC 14028 in fermentedmilk products which were on sale in Suwon Yakult supplier. To the final concentration of 103~104 cfu/$m\ell$ of E. coli O157:H7 KSC 109 or S. wer. typhimurium ATCC 14028 in the fermented milks, Metchnikoff, Ace, Yakult, Mastoni and Super 100 were inoculated with these pathogens and then were stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ and viable cells of these pathogens were periodically counted. The results showed that the survival of two pathogens differed in the different types of fermented milks tested. Number of suriviving E. coli O157:H7 KSC 109 and S. ser. typimurium ATCC 14028 cells (initial inoculum, 103~104 cfu/$m\ell$) were decreased to 101, 102 cfu/$m\ell$ in Ace after 100 hours, and were decreased gradually to 101 cfu/$m\ell$ in Yakult after 250 hours. In the other fermented milks, viable cells of E. coli O157:H7 KSC 109 was not drastically decreased but those of S. ser. typhimurium ATCC 14028 was decreased gradually to 102 (Mastoni), and to 101 cfu/$m\ell$ (Super 100) after 250 hours. It appeared that S. ser. typhimurium ATCC 14028 was more susceptible than E. coli O157:H7 KSC 109 at low pH. Vibale cells of E. coli O157:H7 KSC 109 was not drastically decreased in most of fermented milks tested except Ace and Yakult, but in general, S. ser. typhimurium ATCC 14028 was drastically decreased in most of the fermented milks. The major ingibition factor against these pathogens in the fermented milks during storage at 4$^{\circ}C$ appeared to be the acidity and the metabolites produced by the starters bacteria used in fermented milk products.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.225-236
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• 1998

KSC-13906 [Erythro N-{(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl} -2-(2-fluoro-1-hydroxy-n-propyl) benzenesulfonamide, US Patent 5,461,025] was investigated how can control phytotoxicity fluctuation and what a good method apply to new rice herbicide. The growth inhibition was observed when the rice plants was transplanted at a shallow depth(0 - 1cm) and leaching was low(0 - 1cm/ day) from the paddy soil. KSC-13906 appeared to move readily down into the paddy soil with water by 3cm depth in the soil column(${\phi}$ 10cm) filled with loamy sand soil under 3cm/day of leaching condition. Artificial control releasing pattern, designed as treated with KSC-13906 of 9 or 18g ai/ha either at a once or daily treated dividing volume of 1/20, 1/25 and 1/30 of the total volume, increased the safety of KSC-13906 to direct seeded and transplanted rice. The safety of KSC-13906 was also enhanced when KSC-13906 was mixed with dymron. For example, the mixture of KSC-13906 and dymron effectively reduced injury of direct seeded rice plants at 18 and 500g ai/ha, respectively, treated 7 days after transplanting. However, combination of KSC-13906 and several herbicides didn't show any synergistic effetct on herbicidal activity and safening effect on rice. However, the combination of KSC-13906+dymron (9~12+250~500g ai/ha) or KSC-13906+mefenacet+dymron(9+250+250g ai/ha) controlled almost all weeds in paddy field without causing any injury to rice and thus the combination would successfully be used as an oneshot herbicide in rice culture.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.52-63
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• 1998

A novel quinolineoxadiazoles, substituted the carboxylic acid group with 1,2,4-oxadiazole radicle, of KSC-16960 and related compounds were evaluated to examine the herbicidal activity, crop injury and residual effect of after-vegetable crops compared with those of quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic acid), of which use is now banned because of its residual activity to some succeeding vegetable crops. KSC-16960 showed 2- and 3-leaf stages of barnyardgrasses effectively controlled by more than 95 and 90%, respectively, at a rate of 6.25 g/ha. The dose of KSC-16960 controlled 4- and 5-leaf stages of barnyardgrasses by more than 90% were found to be 50 g and 100 g/ha, respectively. The selectivity of KSC-16960 between direct-seeded rice and barnyardgrass was approximately 2-fold higher than that of quinclorac when they were treated to the soil. The selectivity indices of KSC-16960 and of quinclorac between 1-leaf stage of direct seeded rice and 5-leaf stage of barnyardgrass were 44 and 23, respectively, and those between 1-leaf stage of direct seeded rice and 4-leaf stage of barnyardgrass were almost 2-fold higher. Application of KSC-16960 with bentazone exhibited an additive controlling effect on several weed species, but that of quinclorac exhibited an antagonistic effect. With pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, on the other hand, both application of KSC-16960 and quinclorac showed additive interactions. Under a greenhouse condition, the residual activity of KSC-16960 to succeeding tomato plants was approximately 4-fold lower compared to that of quinclorac. KSC-16960 could be substituted for quinclorac, if it will be made some more improvement for reducing residual activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.05c
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• pp.447-452
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• 1996

본 연구에서는 7개의 PWR 사용후핵연료집합체를 운반할 수 있는 KSC-7 수송용기의 건식수송조건에 대한 열적 건전성을 평가하였다. 수송용기 축소모델을 제작하여 열시험을 수행하였고 또한, 시험조건과 동일한 조건으로 열전달해석을 수행하여 두가지 결과를 비교 분석함으로써 시험 및 해석결과에 대한 신뢰성을 검증하였다. 신뢰성이 검증된 해석방법을 이용하여 수송용기 본체 및 핵연료집합체에 대한 열전달해석을 수행함으로써 방사선차폐체 및 핵연료봉에 대한 열적 건전성을 입증하였다. 또한, 수송용기의 온도상승에 따른 구조적 건전성을 평가하기 위한 열응력해석을 수행하였다.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.181-187
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• 1997

Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, Lactobacillus casei YIT 9018, Bifidobacterium longum 8001, and Bifidobacterium longum 8025 at the level of 106 cfu/$m\ell$ were cultured with 104 cfu/$m\ell$ of Escherichia coli O157:H7 KSC 109 or Salmonella typhimurium ATCC14028, in order to verify the effects of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria on the growth of the pathogens. In the mixed culture of lactic acid bacteria with E. coli O157:H7 KSC 109, Growth inhibition and atypical microcolonies of E. coli O157:H7 KSC 109 were observed. The pathogens inoculated grew for 5 hors (pH 5.3), by the time L. acidophilus NCFM reached the exponential growth phase, and then the surviving pathogens were decreased to 101 cfu/$m\ell$ after 35 hours. When L. caseiYIT 9018 was grown with the pathogens, they grew for 10 hours (pH 4.6), by the time L. casei YIT 9018 reached the end of exponential growth phase, and then the surviving pathogens were decreased drastically. Up to the stationary growth phase of lactic acid bacteria, L. acidophilus NCFM exhibited stronger inhibition against the pathogens than L. casei YIT 9018 did, which might be attributed to its faster growth. Likewise bifidobacteria inhibited the growth of the pathogens tested, bifidobaceria was weaker in the inhibitory activity than lactic acid bacteria. When Bifidobacterium longum 8001 was cultured with the pathogens, E. coli O157:H7 KSC 109 was gradually ingibited at the stationary growth phase of bifidobacteria, atypical microcolonies were formed on Levine EMB medium after 48 hours, and Salmonella grew up to 106 dfu/$m\ell$, then was drastically ingibited at the exponential growth phage of Bifidobacterium longum 8001. But when Bifidobacteriuam longum 8025 was cultured with the pathogens, the pathogens grew to the same level of Bifidobacteriuam longum 8025 was cultured with the pathogens, the pathogens grew to the same lever of Bifidobacteriuam longum 8025 after 10 hours, then the surviving pathogens were decreased drastically.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.05c
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• pp.458-463
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• 1996

수송용기가 운반 트레일러에 의해 정상수송될 때, 국내 도로 상태에서 발생되는 반복적인 진동 흑은 충격하중을 측정하기 위해 국도 및 고속도로에서 차량수송시 가속도량를 기록하였으며, 이 측정결과를 주파수분석기로 분석하여 전산진동해석을 위한 입력자료를 생산하였다. 수송용기의 기계구조에 대한 건전성을 평가하기 위한 전산해석은 ABAQUS 코드로 KSC-7 수송용기를 3차원 보요소로 모델링하여 응력평가를 수행하였다.

• Electric Engineers Magazine
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• v.251 no.7
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• pp.32-35
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• 2003

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.7
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• pp.1881-1892
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• 1997

This paper proposes the method for recognition of printed chinese characters by probabilistic VQ networks and multi-stage recognizer has hierarchical structure. We use modular neural networks, because it is difficult to construct a large-scale neural network. Problems in this procedure are replaced by probabilistic neural network model. And, Confused Characters which have significant ratio of miss-classification are reclassified using the entropy theory. The experimental object consists of 4,619 chinese characters within the KSC5601 code except the same shape but different code. We have 99.33% recognition rate to the training data, and 92.83% to the test data. And, the recognition speed of system is 4-5 characters per second. Then, these results demonstrate the usefulness of our work.