• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.177.1-177.1
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• 2011

국내 바이오디젤의 원료로 사용되는 식물성 오일은 거의 전량이 수입된 것으로 원료를 자급화 하기 위한 방안으로 국내 동물성 폐자원을 이용한 바이오디젤 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전자레인지를 이용해 동물성 폐자원인 폐돈지 및 폐우지로부터 오일을 추출 후 물성을 분석하고 전이에스테르화 반응을 진행하였으며 바이오디젤 제조 특성을 조사하고자 하였다. 전이에스테르화 반응에 사용되는 염기 촉매를 몇가지 선정하여 각각의 촉매에 따른 바이오디젤의 반응특성을 메탄올 양을 변화시키며 조사 실험하였다. 기존에 사용된 바이오디젤 제조 촉매는 KOH를 주로 사용하였으며 본 연구에서는 KOH, NaOH, $NaOCH_3$를 촉매로 사용하여 오일질량 대비 0.8~1.2%의 촉매를 사용하였으며 메탄올의 양은 오일 몰수 대비 6:1~12:1의 비율로 사용하여 반응시간에 따른 반응특성과 제조 바이오디젤의 물성을 분석해 각 촉매에 따른 바이오디젤 생산 특성을 비교분석하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2012

The biodiesel production characteristics in a pulsed-corona plasma reactor has been investigated through parametric tests. Transesterification of rapeseed oil together with camelina oil was done with the change of such variables as voltage of power, molar ratio, KOH catalyst and temperature. The energetic electrons emitted from pulsed-corona plasma has contributed to the enhancement of yield on rapeseed oil in short time (15 min). The higher yield on camelina oil was observed in 5 min. The optimal parameters were shown as the voltage of 23 kV, the molar ratio of 5/1, the content of KOH catalyst of 0.6 wt% and the temperature of $28^{\circ}C$ under the rotating rate of spark gap of 900 rpm.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.191-195
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• 2015

To improve its textural properties as a support for platinum catalyst, carbon aerogel was chemically activated with KOH as a chemical agent. Carbon-supported platinum catalyst was subsequently prepared using the prepared carbon supports(carbon aerogel(CA), activated carbon aerogel(ACA), and commercial activated carbon(AC)) by an incipient wetness impregnation. The prepared carbon-supported platinum catalysts were applied to decalin dehydrogenation for hydrogen production. Both initial hydrogen evolution rate and total hydrogen evolution amount were increased in the order of Pt/CA < Pt/AC < Pt/ACA. This means that the chemical activation process served to improve the catalytic activity of carbon-supported platinum catalyst in this reaction. The high surface area and the well-developed mesoporous structure of activated carbon aerogel obtained from the activation process facilitated the high dispersion of platinum in the Pt/ACA catalyst. Therefore, it is concluded that the enhanced catalytic activity of Pt/ACA catalyst in decalin dehydrogenation was due to the high platinum surface area that originated from the high dispersion of platinum.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.83-84
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• 2008

바이오 디젤은 석유기반 연료들을 대신할 수 있는 대체연료일 뿐만 아니라 재생가능자원으로부터 얻을 수 있다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 바이오 디젤은 동 식물성 유지를 이용해서 알코올과 촉매 존재하에서 제조되며, 주로 KOH, NaOH 등 균질촉매를 이용하여 제조하는데 이는 폐수 발생이 많고 공정 비용이 많이 든다는 단점이 있다. 따라서 최근에는 폐기물 발생이 없고 촉매의 제거가 편리한 비균질촉매의 개발이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 NaX 제올라이트 촉매에 KOH를 담지시켜 염기도의 증가에 따라 바이오디젤의 제조특성에 미치는 촉매특성을 조사해 보았다. NaX 제올라이트 촉매에 KOH 담지량이 증가와 반응시간이 증가함에 따라 바이오디젤 생성량은 증가하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.440-444
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• 1977

The anionic polymerization of ${\varepsilon}$-caprolactam via $CS_2$/KOH catalysis was carried out under various conditions. The inherent viscosity of the polymers and percent conversion of the polymers were determined. It was observed that the percent conversion was increased as an increasing concentration of catalyst and initiator. The percent conversion was relatively low at low temperature and the highest percent conversion was obtained at temperature between $130^{\circ}C,\;to\;155^{\circ}C$ with any $CS_2$/KOH mole ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

Nowadays, Tra catfish fat is given attention as an appropriate material for biodiesel production in Vietnam. The aim of this work is to investigate the optimal conditions of refining biodiesel and recovering glycerin by the transesterification from Tra catfish fat using KOH catalyst. As our results, the yield of transesterification was achieved to 94.17% at $50^{\circ}C$ for 45 min with 6:1 molar ratio of methanol to fat in the presence of 0.8% KOH catalyst, and wherein the biodiesel was refined by washing with distilled water at $70^{\circ}C$ and dried in a microwave oven. The yield of raw glycerin recoveries from the transesterification process was 78.58%. The purity of raw glycerin was 84.14% by the conditions of neutralization state with $H_{3}PO_{4}$ solution (pH = 5), $70^{\circ}C$, and 60 min. Activated carbon (3.0 wt.%) was used for the bleaching process at $80^{\circ}C$ for 20 min. The biodiesel was obtained in accordance with for ASTM D 6751 (biodiesel standard). The ash and water of raw glycerins were 7.32 and 8.01%, respectively, and implied that the raw glycerin is very promising candidate to be used as a raw material for textile and cosmetic industries.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 2023

In this study, microalgal oil was extracted from Nannochloropsis oceanica cultured in an open raceway pond and converted into biodiesel using a solid acid catalyst. Microalgal oil was extracted from two types of microalgae with and without nitrogen starvation using the KOH-solvent extraction method and the fatty acid content and oil extraction yield from each microalgae were compared. The fatty acid content of N. oceanica was 184.8 mg/g cell under basic conditions, and the oil content increased to 340.1 mg/g under nitrogen starvation conditions. Oil extraction yields were 90.8 and 95.4% in the first extraction, and increased to 97.5 and 98.8% after the second extraction. Microalgal oil extracted by KOH-solvent extraction was yellow in color and had reduced viscosity due to chlorophyll removal. In biodiesel conversion using the catalyst SO₄^2-/HZSM-5, solvent-extracted oil showed a FAME content of 4.8%, while KOH-solvent-extracted oil showed a FAME content of 90.4%. Solid acid catalyst application has been made easier by removal of chlorophyll from microalgal oil. The FAME content increased to 96.6% upon distillation, and the oxidation stability increased to 11.07 h with addition of rapeseed biodiesel and 1,000 ppm butylated hydroxyanisole.

• Clean Technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.82-88
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• 2016

The loss of activity by coke is an important cause of catalyst deactivation during industrial operation. In this study, hydrogen ratio of reaction condition, which has influenced on coke formation over Pt-Sn catalyst, and regeneration of catalysts activity by coke burning, Pt sintering of coke burning as coke contents, effects of coke formation and deactivation with different Sn contents were confirmed. Pt-Sn-K catalyst supported on θ-alumina and γ-alumina was prepared progressively. Activity of regenerated catalyst for propane dehydrogenation was compared with fresh catalyst by coke burning, after propane dehydrogenation was carried out with different hydrogen ratio at 620 ℃ on fresh catalyst. Regenerated catalyst’s physical characterization such as BET, coke analysis and XRD was investigated. Through catalytic activity test and characterization, Sn contents of catalyst and hydrogen ratio in feed stream could affect coke formation on catalyst surface. Excessive coke makes loss of activity and Pt sintering during air regeneration process.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.524-526
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• 2009

바이오디젤은 식물성 기름이나 동물성 지방과 같은 재생 가능한 원료로부터 전이에스테르화 반응을 통해 생산되는 대체 연료이다. 본 연구에서는 NaX 제올라이트 촉매에 염기성 물질인 KOH를 담지한 후 소성온도에 따라 제조된 촉매를 사용하여 바이오디젤 제조 특성을 조사하였다. 제조된 촉매의 결정구조와 성분을 분석하기위해 XRD, SEM 을 이용하였으며, 표면적을 측정하기 위해 BET 를 사용하였다. 실험결과 소성온도가 $500^{\circ}C$일 때 30wt% KOH/NaX 제올라이트 촉매내 K 함량이 가장 높았고, 이때 70%이상의 높은 바이오디젤 수율을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.762-767
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• 2009

In this study, the feasibility of using vegetable oil extracted from tropical crop seed as a biodiesel feedstock was investigated by producing biodiesel and analysing the quality parameters as a transport fuel. In order to produce biodiesel efficiently, two step reaction process(pre-treatment and transesterificaion) was required because the tropical crop oil have a high content of free fatty acids. To determine the suitable acid catalyst for the pre-esterification, three kinds of acid catalysts were tested and sulfuric acid was identified as the best catalyst. After constructing the experimental matrix based on RSM and analysing the statistical data, the optimal pre-treatment conditions were determined to be 26.7% of methanol and 0.982% of sulfuric acid. Trans-esterification experiments of the pre-esterified oil based on RSM were carried out, then discovered 1.24% of KOH catalyst and 22.76% of methanol as the optimal trans-esterification conditions. However, the quantity of KOH was higher than the previously established KOH concentration of our team. So, we carried out supplemental experiment to determine the quantity of catalyst and methanol. As a result, the optimal transesterification conditions were determined to be 0.8% of KOH and 16.13% of methanol. After trans-esterification of tropical crop oil, the produced biodiesel could meet the major quality standard specifications; 100.8% of FAME, 0.45 mgKOH/g of acid value, 0.00% of water, 0.04% of total glycerol, $4.041mm^2/s$ of kinematic viscosity(at $40^{\circ}C$).