• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.309-322
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• 1990

The accelerated industrialization of Korean economy over the last couple of decades has brought an era of mass consumption of mineral commodities. This increased consumption has been satisfied mainly by imports from abroad. South Korea has about 50 useful mineral commodities for the mineral industry, among 330 kinds of minerals described. In 1988 the self-sufficiency ratio of domestic demand for 44 non-fuel(metallic and non-metallic) minerals as a whole was no more than 29 percent. The ratio for 26 non-metallic minerals was much higher, about 66 percent. On the other hand, the ratio for 18 metallic minerals was relatively very low, about 6.3 percent. The correlation between GNP and mineral consumption in South Korea shows well the slow down patterns during the last two decades.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.205-211
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• 2012

According to the Hebei Spirit incident, 12,547kl of crude oil was spilled into the sea and a total of approximately 40,000 households was damaged. Also, eleven cities and counties including "Taean" were designated as a Special Disaster District by government. Large oil pollution incidents cause severe impact on the change of the surrounding environment as well as destruction of the natural environment of damaged areas. This study analyzes the impacts on the surrounding environment of damaged areas caused by Hebei Spirit oil pollution incident, focusing on the largest damaged county called Taean. Survey was performed with items which are changes in population and local economy, effects on public health, social conflicts and etc. The result of analysis can be used as an important factor to forecast the impact on a damaged area in case of future oil pollution incidents and to establish effective policy of government.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3638-3643
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• 2013

These days, workers in a construction site conduct a rebar bending process with a machine. This bending process has some problems such as long processing time and bad quality of the rebar. In order to manufacture a rebar having precision and machinability, we should study on Spring-back phenomenon. This phenomenon affects a shape of rebar after unloading due to restoration ability of material and it is influenced by bending angle, bending radius and a rebar diameter. The change of spring-back ratio according to the change of the parameters are analyzed by FEM. Consequently, Spring-back increases around $0.1^{\circ}$ as bending angle increases $10^{\circ}$. and it also increases around $0.6^{\circ}$ as diameter of rebar increases from ${\varphi}$ 10mm to ${\varphi}$ 16mm. while we can confirm that it decreases around $0.2^{\circ}$ as bending angle increases $10^{\circ}$.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.37-45
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to validate the design criteria of the concrete modular road system, which is a new semi-bridge-type concept road, through a comparison of numerical analysis results and actual loading test results under static axial loads. METHODS : To design the semi-bridge-type modular road, both the bridge design code and the concrete structural design code were adopted. The standard truck load (KL-510) was applied as the major traffic vehicle for the design loading condition. The dimension of the modular slab was designed in consideration of self-weight, axial load, environmental load, and combined loads, with ultimate limit state coefficients. The ANSYS APDL (2010) program was used for case studies of center and edge loading, and the analysis results were compared with the actual mock-up test results. RESULTS : A full-scale mock-up test was successfully conducted. The maximum longitudinal steel strains were measured as about 35 and 83.5 micro-strain (within elastic range) at center and edge loading locations, respectively, under a 100 kN dual-wheel loading condition by accelerating pavement tester. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the results of the comparison between the numerical analysis and the full-scale test, the maximum converted stress range at the edge location is 32~51% of the required standard flexural strength under the two times over-weight loading condition. In the case of edge loading, the maximum converted stresses from the Westergaard equation, the ANSYS APDL analysis, and the mock-up test are 1.95, 1.7, and 2.3 times of that of the center loading case, respectively. The primary reason for this difference is related to the assumption of the boundary conditions of the vertical connection between the slab module and the crossbeam module. Even though more research is required to fully define the boundary conditions, the proposed design criteria for the concrete modular road finally seems to be reasonable.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.21 no.6 s.101
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• pp.461-465
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• 2006

We investigated the protein productivity of the promoters for genes showing prolonged induction upon cold shock in Escherichia coli. Six low temperature inducible genes (frdA, glpB, hypB, katG, nupG, ompT) were selected based on the previously reported cDNA microarray based global transcription profiling of Escherichia coli Kl2 in response to cold shock. Their promoter regions were isolated from the genomic DNA of E. coli JM109 and expression levels induced by the promoters were examined by using green fluorescence protein (GFP) as a reporter at $15^{\circ}C$ and $37^{\circ}C$. Among the six promoters, the promoter for nupG showed the highest and prolonged expression at both temperatures and the cold inducibility of nupG promoter was not observed.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.490-497
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• 1995

In vitro tissue culture of fat body of Hyphantria cunea in the medium containing [35S]-methionine reveaied that storage protein-i (SP-1) is taken up into fat body of prepupae and 1-day-old pupae. Using Western blotting and ligand binding method, we were able to identify the protein band of the SP-1 receptor protein. For the partial purification, the membrane proteins of fat body cells were solubilixed with 1% Triton X-1OO and applied to anion exchange chromatography. The results revealed the molecular weight of the receptor protein to be about 80 kl)a in SDSPAGE, and the P1 was estimated to be about 6.1. The mobility of the receptor protein in 8D8-PAGE was highly dependent on both temperature during electrophoresls and the condition of samples whether they were in reducing or nonreducing.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.135-145
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• 2007

Objective: The purpose of this study is to indicate further research direction in dementia by examining recent Korean-medicine journals. Method: We have reviewed eleven different journals that have been published from 1997 to 2006. Result 1.In philological study paper, cerebrovascular dementia is most common type of dementia and age, sex, past history have influence on the attack of disease. Introduced medical treatment to dementia of Korean medicine are Removing wind(祛風), Be in the peace(安神), Refreshing lung and raising blood(淸肺養血) etc. 2.According to the research paper, a prognosis of dementia which Is mixed(Alzheimer type and cerebrovascular type) is bad. Sinmac(申脈)-BL.62), Jeohae(照海)-Kl.06), waegwan(外關)-TE.05), naegwan(內關)-PC.6) among the palmacgyohoeheol(八脈交會穴) have good effect in medical treatment. Medical treatment which is based on chaejil(體質)) shows up to be more effective. Also many medicines have good effect, especially chongmyung-tang(聰明湯)) and chongmyung-tang-gamibang(聰明湯加味方)) have good effect on decreasing memory caused by nerve cell degeneration. Conclusion: The Korean medical treatments have many advantage in taking the dementia so the researches about this are more needed.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2002

We have cloned cDNAs encoding toxin from the spider, Araneus ventricosus, and constructed a recombinant baculovirus expressing the insecticidal toxin. The cDNAs encoding toxin were cloned from the cDNA library of A. ventricosus. Sequence analysis of the cDNAs encoding the toxin of A. ventricosus revealed that the 240 bp cDNA for AvTox-1 and 192 bp cDNA for AvTox-2 have an open reading frame of 80 and 64 amino acid residues, respectively. The deduced protein sequence of the toxin genes of AvTox-1 and AvTox-2 was aligned to that of the snack Anemonia sulcata and scorpion Centruroides limpidus limpidus, respectively. Northern blot analysis indicated that AvTox-2 toxin gene showed a fat body-spe-cific expression pattern at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, we have explored the possibility of improving baculovirus by incorporating the A. vontricosus toxin gene into Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome under the control of polyhedrin promoter, The AvTox-2 toxin gene was expressed as approximately 5.8 kDa band in the recombinant baculovirus-injected silkworm larvae. Bioassays with the recombinant virus expressing AvTox-2 on 5th instar silkworm larvae demonstrated a decrease in the time to kill $(LT_{50} days)$ compared to wild-type BmNPV-Kl $(LT_{50} 6.72 days)$ in the injection of 10 viruses. These results indicate that A. ventricosus toxin is a novel member of the spider toxin family, suggesting that the toxin gene can be used in recombinant baculoviruses to reduce insect feeding damage and increase the speed of insect kill.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.31 no.3 s.116
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• pp.168-174
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop the cold chain system by developing optimal phase change materials (PCM). There are some benefits from developing this system such as keeping freshness of agriculture products, saving energy, etc. The major results are as follows. To decide a latent heat material, the characteristics of water, sodium, polyacrylate, ethanol and N-tetradecane are analysed. Also, an insulating material is made by mixing water, nucleating agent and latent heat material, using cementing method. In addition, the sensitivity analysis for developed latent heat material($K_l,\;K_2,\;K_3$) is conducted. For $K_l,\;K_2,\;K_3$ which cans keep latent heat temperature, ranging from $0\;to\;5^{\circ}C,\;5\;to\;10^{\circ}C,\;10\;to\;15^{\circ}C$. it can keeps latent heat temperature at radiant heat (5, 12, $17^{\circ}C$) and transportation latent heat container both melting temperature and amount of latent heat of Kl are $-1.6{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$, 326.51 J/g, respectively and freezing temperature and latent heat are $-7.98{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ and 174.18 J/g. and $K_2$ are $7.41{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$, 89.80 J/g, respectively and freezing temperature and latent heat are $-2.14{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ and 83.90 J/g. and $K_3$ are $9.54{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$, 145.42 J/g, respectively and freezing temperature and latent heat are $0.21{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ and 152.48 J/g.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.3-15
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• 2000

Reduction of Electric Arc Furnace dust with carbon (graphite) was studied at the temperature range of $800^{\circ}C$ to $1100^{\circ}C$ in Ar gas atmosphere. The briquetted dust with graphite powder was heated in a vertical tube furnace for given reaction time and Quenched in Ar gas atmosphere. It was found that initially the reduction of Zn was chemically controlled and the activation energy was about 120 KJ/mole. Because the almost all of Pb was removed with Cl in the form of $PbCl_2$, it is considered that Pb is removed by chloride reduction. Cu was vaporized as a chloride up to 30% of its original content, but the remaining of Cu would be accumulated with the reduced iron. and also, Cd was removed completely within 15 min. at $1000^{\circ}C$.