• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.56-62
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• 2012

To determine the biological effects of low-dose-rate radiation ($^{137}Cs$, 2.95 mGy/h) on EL4 lymphoma cells during 24 h, we investigated the expression of genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, iron transport, and ribonucleotide reductase. EL4 cells were continuously exposed to low-dose-rate radiation (total dose: 70.8 mGy) for 24 h. We analyzed cell proliferation and apoptosis by trypan blue exclusion and flow cytometry, gene expression by real-time PCR, and protein levels with the apoptosis ELISA kit. Apoptosis increased in the Low-dose-rate irradiated cells, but cell number did not differ between non- (Non-IR) and Low-dose-rate irradiated (LDR-IR) cells. In concordance with apoptotic rate, the transcriptional activity of ATM, p53, p21, and Parp was upregulated in the LDR-IR cells. Similarly, Phospho-p53 (Ser15), cleaved caspase 3 (Asp175), and cleaved Parp (Asp214) expression was upregulated in the LDR-IR cells. No difference was observed in the mRNA expression of DNA repair-related genes (Msh2, Msh3, Wrn, Lig4, Neil3, ERCC8, and ERCC6) between Non-IR and LDR-IR cells. Interestingly, the mRNA of Trfc was upregulated in the LDR-IR cells. Therefore, we suggest that short-term Low-dose-rate radiation activates apoptosis in EL4 lymphoma cells.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.984-991
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• 1997

New tumor suppressor gene, snm23, homologous to human nm23/NDP kinase (human nucleoside diphosphate kinase) gene whose product has a tumor metastasis inhibitory activity, was first cloned from Korean tiger shark (Scyliorhinus forazame) skin cDNA library constructed by using a $\lambda$ ZAP-II cDNA synthesis kit. About $1\times10^5$ plaques were screened and several positive plaques were isolated and confirmed by second screening. The phagemid containing a positive clone from the Uni-Zap XR vector was excised in vivo and the gene containing the tumor metastasis suppressor protein was named as snm23. Cloned gene, snm23, was sequenced with ABI-PRISM 310 Genetic Analyzer. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of snm23 have shown an open reading frame consisting of 450 base pairs that correspond to a protein of 150 amino acid residues, with a calculated molecular mass of 16.8 kDa. Sequence comparison of snm23 with human nm23/NDP kinase was performed by using Blast protein data base of National Center for Biotechnology Information. In order to determine tissue specificity, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used. Good expression level of snm23/NDP kinase was detected at the tissues from skin, cartilage, and liver of Korean tiger shark.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.325-332
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• 2000

The growth characteristics and the cellular protein patterns of the Lactobacillus plantarum isolated and identified from oat silage were examined in order to confirm whether it will be used practically as probiotics or not. L plantarum was identified by morphological and biochemical tests including of final conforming by API 50CHL kit. The cultivation in MRS broth of the strain under the condition of different temperature, proved that they grew into $2.0{\times}10^{9}$ in $25^{\circ}C$, into $1.4{\times}10^{9}$ in $35^{\circ}C$ but they decreased into $4.5{\times}10^{5}$ growth in $45^{\circ}C$. The comparison of the growth by measurement of O.D600nm value after 24 hour cultivation between L plantarum and commercial probiotics, showed that the strain had a higher growth than commercial as 1.841 : 1.623. The measurement of it under bile acid's existence, indicated that this isolation was not influenced by bile acid and the tolerance was $3.2{\times}10^{9}$, $3.9{\times}10^{9}$ and $3.2{\times}10^{9}$, respectively, when each of 0%, 1%, and 2% oxigall existed. The examination of their antibiotics susceptibility by disk diffusion test, proved that L plantarum showed resistance against danofloxacin(5mcg), gentamycin(10mcg), kanamycin(30mcg), neomycin(30mcg) and streptomycin(10mcg). Based upon the test of the bacteriocin formation of this L plantarum, it was found out that the inhibition zone was not formed. In growth of L plantarum and E coli in nutrient broth, all E coli died out within 6 hours after cultures.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.85-92
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• 2016

Objectives: Asiasari radix (A. radix) is a traditional herb medicine that has been used as an analgesic, antitussive, or anti-allergic remedy. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of low concentration of the Asiasarum heterotropoides extract on the morphology and proliferation of the human mesenchymal stem cells derived from periodontal tissue. Methods: Stem cells derived from gingiva were grown in the presence of A. radix at final concentrations that ranged from 0.001 to $0.01{\mu}g/mL$. The morphology of the cells was viewed under an inverted microscope and the analysis of cell proliferation was performed by using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) on days 1 and 3. Results: The control group showed fibroblast morphology. The shapes of the cells in 0.001 and $0.01{\mu}g/mL$ of A. radix were similar to that of the untreated control group. The cultures growing in the presence of A. radix at day 1 showed an increase in the CCK-8 value. The relative values of CCK-8 assays of 0.001 and $0.01{\mu}g/mL$ of A. radix are $130.6%{\pm}1.8%$ and $129.3%{\pm}1.5%$, respectively, when the CCK-8 result of the untreated control group at day 1 is considered 100% (P = 0.051). Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, low concentrations of A. radix seemed to increase the proliferation of the stem cells that were derived from the gingiva and did not have adverse effects on the morphology of the cells.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 1992

For the selection of powerful antagonistic bacterium for biological control of soil borne Eminia carotovora subsp. carotovora causing rot of vegetable, excellent strains (S4, S14, 565) were selected from 1,196 strains of bacteria which were isolated from rhizosphere in vegetable root rot-suppresive soil. Strains were identified to be Pseudomonas species with Api 20NE kit. Antagonistic substance was produced in 523 synthetic broth medium at pH 7~8 and $30^{\circ}C$ during 3 days culture. The substance was stable in the pH range of 6 to 9. When the basal medium was supplemented with mannitol and sorbitol as carbon source and calcium chloride as metal salt, the production of the inhibitory substance was increased. The inhibitory acitivity was increased by the addition of fertilizer in soil. The isolated strains were resistant to the agricultural chemical such as benomyl and fosethyl-Al-folpet, and the antibiotics such as penicillin and lincomycin. We had found that Pseudomonas sp. S14 strain had a single plasmid. After treated with acridin orange for curing, we confirmed the existence of antagonistic gene in the chromosomal DNA.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2006

Objectives : In this study, we investigated the SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) of IL10 in patients with stroke. The present study was undertaken to see if specific genotypic and allelic variations are associated with stroke in the Korean population. Methods : Blood samples from all subjects were obtained for DNA extraction and collected in EDTA tube. Genomic DNA was extracted using DNA isolation kit for Mammalian Blood (Boehringer Mannheim, IN, USA). The extracted DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Pyrosequencing was performed according to manufacturer's standard protocol. Results : There was no statistically significant genotypic distribution difference between control and stroke group. The frequencies of A/A homozygotes and A/C heterozygotes among control subjects were 91 (87.5%) and 13 (12.5%). The frequencies of A/A and A/C among the stroke patients were 85 (89.5%) and 10 (10.5%). There was not statistically significant allelic frequency difference between control and stroke group. The allelic frequency of A and C was 195 (93.8%) and 13 (6.2%) among the control subjects and 180 (94.7%) and 10 (5.3%) in stroke patients, respectively. Conclusion : The cytokine IL10 may not be pathogenetic factors in stroke. But further studies including different cytokine gene can be a useful for predicting stroke. Establishment of more systemic approach and high quality of prospective cohorts will be necessary for the good prediction of genetic markers.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.518-522
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• 2013

Cyclohexanone is important intermediate for the manufacture of caprolactam which is monomer of nylron. Cyclohexanone is generally produced by dehydrogenation reaction of cyclohexanol. In this study, highly mesoporous metal oxides such as meso-$WO_3$, meso-$TiO_2$, meso-$Fe_2O_3$, meso-CuO, meso-$SnO_2$ and meso-NiO were synthesized using mesoporous silica KIT-6 as a hard template via nano-replication method for dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol. The overall conversion of cyclohexanol followed a general order: meso-$WO_3$ >> meso-$Fe_2O_3$ > meso-$SnO_2$ > meso-$TiO_2$ > meso-NiO > meso-CuO. In particular, meso-$WO_3$ significantly showed higher activity than the other mesoporous metal oxides. Therefore, the meso-$WO_3$ has wide range of application possibilities for dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.6A
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• pp.640-647
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• 2006

This paper describes a design of AES-based CCMP(Counter mode with CBC-MAC Protocol) core for IEEE 802.11i wireless LAN security. To maximize the performance of CCMP core, two AES cores are used, one is the counter mode for data confidentiality and the other is the CBC node for authentication and data integrity. The S-box that requires the largest hardware in ARS core is implemented using composite field arithmetic, and the gate count is reduced by about 27% compared with conventional LUT(Lookup Table)-based design. The CCMP core was verified using Excalibur SoC kit, and a MPW chip is fabricated using a 0.35-um CMOS standard cell technology. The test results show that all the function of the fabricated chip works correctly. The CCMP processor has 17,000 gates, and the estimated throughput is about 353-Mbps at 116-MHz@3.3V, satisfying 54-Mbps data rate of the IEEE 802.11a and 802.11g specifications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.9
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• pp.58-76
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• 2010

In this study, the shapes of po worn by military officers who served During the period of Japanese Invasion of Korea(1592-1598) were investigated. Findings of the study can be summarized as follows. Various types of po that military officers usually wore during the period of Japanese Invasion of Korea includes jikryeong, dapho, dopo, cheolik, aekjureum, jangeui, jungchimak and bangryeongpo. Out of these types, cheolik and jungchimak were most often used by the officers. Po that were usually worn by military officers during the period of Japanese Invasion of Korea as above mentioned is characterized as no difference in length between the front and back of the costume, kalgit and a pair of coat strings which are directly attached to po. The sleeves of the costume are bean chaff-shaped in some cases and just narrowly shaped in other cases. Similarly, the outer seop of po was either double-layered or single-layered. For jikryeong and dapho, mu is usually type of outside wrinkle. For dopo, its rear kit has the inner hem whose right and left edges are usually distant, respectively by 6~16cm, from the back center of the costume. Cheolik and aekjureum usually have either fine or broad pleats. For jangeui and jungchimak, mu is usually trapezoid in shape. Among various types of po which were usually worn by military officers during the period of Japanese Invasion of Korea, most representative are jikryeong from the tombs of Bae Cheon jo, dapho from Shin Yeo Gwan, dopo from general Bak and Bae Cheon Jo, cheolik from Nam Yoo and Cho Gyeong, aekjureum from Shin Yeo Gwan, jangeui from Kim Ham, jungchimak from Bae Cheon jo and bangryeongpo from Cho Gyeong.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2010

Objective : The aim of this study was to determine whether methanol extract of Keum-Ryung-Ja-San (KRJS) inhibit production of NO, $PGE_2$, iNOS, COX-2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Methods : Cytotoxic activity of extracts on RAW 264.7 cells was measured using 5-(3-caroboxymeth-oxyphenyl)-2H-tetra-zolium inner salt (MTS) assay. The nitric oxide (NO) production was measured by Griess reagent system. And proinflammatory cytokines and PGE2 were measured by ELISA kit. The levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), $I{\kappa}-B-\alpha$ and nuclear NF-${\kappa}B$ p65 expression were detected by western blot. Results : Our results indicated that methanol extract of KRJS significantly inhibited the LPS-induced NO, $PGE_2$ production and iNOS, COX-2 expression accompanied by an attenuation of TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 production in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, methanol extract of KRJS treatment also blocked LPS-induced NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. Conclusion : These findings indicate that methanol extract of KRJS inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines via suppression of NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. Take together, these results indicate that methanol extract of KRJS has the potential for use as an agent of anti-chronic inflammatory diseases.