• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.109.2-110
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• 2003

The neuroprotective effect of solvent fraction of native edible plant MK-104 in the mice administered with kainate was evaluated using behavioral sign, neuronal injuries and biomarkers of oxidative stress. Mice, ICR male, were administered with the BFME through a gavage for 4 days consecutively, and on the 3rd day, kainate (450 mg/kg) was i.p. administered. The fraction(400 mg/kg) delayed the onset time of neurobehavioral change (p<0.01), reduced the severity of convulsion and lethality (p<0.05), and restored the level of GSH and lipid peroxidation in brain to control value. A similar protective action was also expressed by fraction-I (200 mg/kg), which showed a prominent protection against the neuronal damage in hippocampal CA1 and CA2 regions (p<0.01) caused by kainate injection. of TBARS value. Based on these results, BFME-I is suggested to contain a functional agent to prevent against oxidative stress in the brain of mice.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.104-104
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• 1995

Morphine produces wide-spread immunesuppression, such as lymphokine production, phagocytic activity, natural killer cell activity, cell proliferation, and cell-mediated immunity. On the other hand, one of the representative pharmacological act ions of Panax ginseng is immune enhancement. In this study, we investigated the effects of ginseng total sponin (GTS), and Adaptagen (trade name of ginseng product) on morphine-induced immunesuppression. Morphine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg, sc), GTS (400 mg/kg, oral), Adaptagen (400 mg/kg, oral ) were administered to mice for 14 consecutive days.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.1137-1146
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• 2000

This study was carried out to establish an optimum number of phase feeding regimen which enable to reduce nutrients excretion without affecting growth performance and to investigate the effects of different feeding regimens on growth performance, nutrients excretion and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. A total of 120 finishing pigs (an average initial body weight of 54.3 kg) were assigned to the feeding trial and 12 pigs were assigned to the metabolic trial. Treatments included one phase (54 to 104 kg), two phase (54 to 80 and 80 to 104 kg), three phase (54 to 70, 70 to 90 and 90 to 104 kg) and four phase (54 to 65, 65 to 80, 80 to 95, 95 to 104 kg) feeding regimens. Experimental diets were formulated to contain 16% crude protein for one phase feeding regimen, 16% and 12% crude protein for two phase feeding regimen, 16%, 14% and 12% crude protein for three phase feeding regimen, and 16%, 14.7%, 13.4% and 12% crude protein for four phase feeding regimen, respectively. Although there were no significant differences in any criteria measured during the entire experimental period, pigs reared in three phase feeding regimen grew slightly faster than those reared in other feeding regimens and showed a tendency to increase ADFI during the whole experimental period. The metabolic trial indicated that there were no significant differences in DM (dry matter), CP (crude protein) and P (phosphorus) digestibilities. However, fecal nutrient excretion except P was significantly influenced by feeding regimens. DM excretion of one phase feeding group was significantly higher than that of three phase feeding group and daily fecal N (nitrogen) excretion of one phase feeding group was higher than that of other phase feeding groups (p<0.05). Three and four phase feeding regimens resulted in 12% lower fecal N and DM excretion than one phase feeding regimen. Blood urea concentrations were lower for pigs reared in two, three and four phase feeding regimens than for those reared in one phase feeding regimen (p<0.05). Three phase feeding regimen for the finishing period showed better carcass grade than one phase feeding regimen, though the difference was not significant. The tenth rib fat thickness of pigs fed on four phase feeding regimen was reduced most and there was a trend that backfat thickness decreased as the number of phases increased. Feed cost per kg weight gain was significantly low in four phase feeding group than one phase feeding group (p<0.05). In summary, it seemed that producers generally oversupply the expensive nutrients for the finishing pigs. High nutrient diets do not always guarantee high growth rate of pigs and cause more unwanted nutrient excretion. It rather seems that meeting nutrient requirements for the each growth phase is more important for the reduction of pollutants and economical pork production.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.96-102
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• 1998

A lot of individual ginseng plants were selected in the farmer's fields to develop new ginseng varieties with desirable traits. Among them, a promising line has been developed through comparative cultivation of several lines selected with pure line separation of local raced. It was then designated as "KC (denotes Korean Ginseng)" and tested in the regional yield and adaptation trials for 10 years. KG lines grew vigorously after 4 years of age. Especially, KG 102 line arson운 them showed traits of multiple and short stems. As for the root characters, the length of taproot of KG 101 line was longer than that of local race, Jakyung-jong, or other lines ailed the root weight of KG 102 line waIn 15 % higher than that of local race. In general, KG 101, KG 103, KG 104, and Hwangsauk-jong had good root shape. Total amount of ginsenosides of ginseng taproot was the highest in KG 103 line than in local race and other lines. In these studies, we, elected three superior lines, KG 101, KG 102, and KG 103, having characteristic of good root shape, high yield, and large amount of ginsenoside, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.222-224
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• 2004

This study was performed to analyze the contents of titanium dioxide in commercial foods by UV/VIS spectrophotometry. This method incorporated foods reducing to ashes, dissolution of the ash in sulfuric acid and color development using hydrogen peroxide. The UV/VIS spectrophotometric response was compared to a standard solution. The contents of titanium dioxide in commercial foods were 1.56∼7.74 g/kg in chocolate, 0.27∼1.74 g/kg in health food, 0.48∼2.96 g/kg in chewing gum and 0.34∼2.34 g/kg in candy, respectively. Recoveries of titanium dioxide in foods were 88.46∼104.75％ accordingly.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2017

Dissipation pattern and biological half-lives of fungicides boscalid and pyraclostrobin were calculated on jujube. The pesticides were sprayed on jujube in two different field at the standard rate, respectively. The raw agricultural commodities were harvested at 0 (2 hr), 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days after treatment, and analyzed by HPLC/DAD. The method limit of quantification (MLOQ) was $0.02mg\;kg^{-1}$ for boscalid and pyraclostrobin. The recovery ranged 101.8~109.3% with below 5% of CV (Coefficient of variation) for boscalid and 104.2~115.4% with below 5% of CV for pyraclostrobin. An average initial deposit at field 1 and field 2 samples were observed 0.40 and $0.48mg\;kg^{-1}$ for boscalid and, 0.76 and $0.57mg\;kg^{-1}$ for pyraclostrobin, respectively. The biological half-lives of field 1 and field 2 were 11.0 and 13.2 day for boscalid, and 6.1 and 12.7 days for pyraclostrobin.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.308-312
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• 2012

BACKGROUND: The nutrient balance in Korea during 1985-2006 had continually increased and maintained the highest levels among OECD countries. The use of green manure crops such as barley and hairy vetch is common practice for reducing chemical fertilizer application and maintaining soil fertility. However, green manure crops can also be used as a livestock feeding material which may reduce nutrient balance in the national scale. We calculated nitrogen and phosphate balance under green manure-rice cultivating system where all green manure was removed and used for feeding livestock. METHODS AND RESULTS: The barley and hairy vetch grown in pure stands or in mixtures with different sowing rates were tested for rice cultivation without chemical fertilization. The conventional fertilization (NPK) for rice cultivation was selected to compare nutrient balance with green manure-rice cultivation. Nitrogen and phosphate balance were calculated according to the surface balance method of the PARCOM guidelines. Total aboveground biomass of mixture (barley and hairy vetch) was higher compared to that of pure barley or hairy vetch. Among the mixture with barley and hairy vetch, the highest aboveground biomass was observed in B75H25 (barley 75%+hairy vetch 25%). The nitrogen and phosphate balance in the B75H25 mixture was-104 kg N/ha and-50.3 kg P/ha, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): The barley and hairy vetch mixture proved to be a very effective strategy for biomass production of green manure. The amount of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer to be applied is estimated to be 104 kg N/ha and 50.3 kg P/ha in order to maintain soil fertility if all green manure and rice straw were removed from rice field for livestock feeding.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2013

Isopyrazam, a new pyrazolecarboxamide fungicide developed by Syngenta, was highly active against foliar powdery mildew pathogens on cucumber, oriental melon and various vegetables. Following foliar applications on cucumber and oriental melon, crop residues were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. For all studies, limit of quantification was 0.02 mg/kg and minimum detection level was 2.0 ng and recoveries were 83.0-88.0% on cucumber, 92.4-104.5% on oriental melon. Isopyrazam was detected 0.07-0.72 mg/kg on cucumber and < 0.02-0.68 mg/kg on oriental melon, respectively. The TMDI (Theoretical Maximum Dailly Intake) of isopyrazam on cucumber and oriental melon was estimated to less than 1.765% of ADI.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 1996

Experiments were conducted to investigate the proper stem number and the propagation method of Lycium Chinense Mill. from 1993 to 1994.The results obtained were summerized as follows. The most effective propagation method was stem cutting 20cm in which flowering time was 15days earlier and dry fruit weight was 30 percent heavier(91kg/10a) than in seed propagation. The optimal diameter of cutting was 0.9cm of which dry fruit weight was 227kg/10a and 28 percent heavier compared with that of 0.5cm. stem number 5 had the best top growth and the heaviest 100 fruit weight as 13.4g. Fruit number per plant was increased as 864 in stem number 5. Dry fruit yield of stem number 5 was 104kg/10a and 16 percent increased compared with that of control.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.225-232
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• 1998

In order to monitor the degree of heavy metal distribution in upland cultivations in Korea, both the cultivated soils and crops were collected from the 854 and 140 sites, respectively. The contents of cadmium (Cd), copper(Cu), lead(Pb), and zinc(Zn) in each sample were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma(ICP) technique after 1N-HCl extraction. The content of Arsenic(As) was also measured with the same technique after 1N-HCl extraction. The average contents of heavy metal in surface soils(0~15 cm depth) were $0.135mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Cd, $2.77mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Cu, $3.47mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Pb, $10.7mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Zn, and $0.57mg\;kg^{-1}$ for As. Heavy metal contents of soil were similar to those values measured for upland soils in 1989, lower than soils under plastic film house in 1996. However, these contents were lower than "Countermeasure values for soil contamination"(Cd: 4, Cu: 125, Pb: 300, and As: $15mg\;kg^{-1}$ in soil) describled in Soil Environmental Conservation Act in Korea(1996). The contents of heavy metal in fresh vegetable, and root and tuber crops ranged $0.005{\sim}0.019mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Cd, $0.20{\sim}1.03mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Cu, $0.042{\sim}0.104mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Pb, and $2.0{\sim}4.0mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Zn, respectively.