• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.658-666
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• 2014

This study aimed to evaluate urea excretion, nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis in lactating goats fed with diets containing different protein sources in the concentrate (soybean meal, cottonseed meal, aerial part of cassava hay and leucaena hay). Four Alpine goats whose mean body weight was $42.6{\pm}6.1kg$ at the beginning of the experiment, a mean lactation period of $94.0{\pm}9.0days$ and a production of $1.7{\pm}0.4kg$ of milk were distributed in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square with four periods of 15 days. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous, containing 103.0 g/kg of CP, 400 g/kg of Tifton 85 hay and 600 g/kg of concentrate. Diet containing cottonseed meal provided (p<0.05) increased excretion of urea and urea nitrogen in the urine (g/d and mg/kg of BW) when compared with leucaena hay. The diets affected the concentrations of urea nitrogen in plasma (p<0.05) and excretion of urea nitrogen in milk, being that soybean meal and cottonseed meal showed (p<0.05) higher than the average aerial part of the cassava hay. The use of diets with cottonseed meal as protein source in the concentrate in feeding of lactating goats provides greater nitrogen excretion in urine and negative nitrogen balance, while the concentrate with leucaena hay as a source of protein, provides greater ruminal microbial protein synthesis.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.94-103
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• 1990

To evaluate effects of Ga Gam Sam Kee Tang(GGSKT) water extract on the plasma cortisol concentration and arterial blood $PCO_2,\;PO_2$ in the rabbit. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Intravenous administration of GGSKT water at the dose of $0.2m{\ell}/kg$ remarkably increased plasma cortisol concentration from 1 to 2 hours. 2. Oral administration of GGSKT water extract at the dose of $10m{\ell}/kg$ significantly decreased plasma cortisol concentration on 3 hours. 3. Intravenous administration of GGSKT water extract at the dose of $0.4m{\ell}/kg$ remarkably decreased arterial blood $PO_2$ on 2 hours. 4. Oral administration of GGSKT water extract at the dose of $1.0m{\ell}/kg$ significantly decreased arterial blood $PO_ 2$ on 2 hours and remarkably increased on 4 hours. 5. Intravenous administration of GGSKT water extract at the dose of $0.2m{\ell}/kg$ remarkably increased arterial blood $PCO_2$ on 4 hours. 6. Oral administration of GGSKT water extract at the dose of $2.0m{\ell}/kg$ significantly decreased arterial blood $PCO_2$ from 1 to 2 hours. These results suggest that therapeutic action of GGSKT water extract for athma may be related with the increment of plasma cortisol concentration and the decrease of arterial blood $PCO_2$.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.320-330
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• 2004

Most of domestic city is served combined sewer system among various sewer system like as separate sanitary, combined sewer system and storm sewers. During the wet weather, sewer and rainfall have been overflowed because it is over capacity of the combined sewer system; that is called combined sewer overflows(CSOs) This research was carried out to investigate runoff characteristics of combined sewer and to evaluate the effective CSOs volume in Hong-Chun gun. During wet weather, SS load of first rainfall at H-1, H-2, and H-3 were 600kg/event, 370kg/event, and 289kg/event, respectively. 55 load of second rainfall were 216kg/event, 113kg/event, and 37.2kg/event. When the first rainfall, event mean concentrations(EMCs) at each site were 702mg/L, 816mgjL and 861.5mg/L. The second rainfall's event mean concentrations(EMCs) were 99.9gm/L, 161.9mg/L, 103.6mg/L. Rrst flush coefficient b at each site were 0.237,0.166, and 0.151. When the first rainfall, the flow containing 80% of pollutant mass of CSOs at each site were 0.55, 0.23, 0.48 in first rainfall, respectively. The case of second rainfall were 0.79, 0.83, 0.81. Most of all, characteristics of rainfall like as analysis of first-flush, CSOs volume, pollutant loadings is investigated to decide intercepted volume for control of CSOs.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 1993

랫드와 마우스에서 고흡수성 중합체인 폴리(아크릴산소다-아크릴산)의 급성경구 독성시험을 수행하였다. 본 시험물질을 최고 10 g/kg까지 corn oil에 현탁하여 1회 경구투여하고 2주간 관찰한 결과, 사망사례가 없었으며 일반적인 임상증상 관찰시 특기할 만함 독성증상이 나타나지 않았고, 체중변화도 대조군과 유의성있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 부검후 각 장기의 육안적 관찰 결과도 이상소견이 없었다. 따라서 본 실험에 사용한 폴리(아크릴산소다-아크릴산)은 $LD_{50}$가 10 g/kg 이상일 것으로 사료되며, 10 g/kg까지 투여하였을 때 랫드와 마우스에서 특이한 독성이 관찰되지 않았다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제22권B호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2002

This research was performed to investigate the generation and physico-chemical characteristics of municipal solid wastes. The results were as follows: i) The generation rate and bulk density were 0.157 kg/cap/d and 147.8 g/L in residential zone, respectively. In non-residential zone, the generation and bulk density were 1.71 kg/cap/d and 85.6 g/L, respectively. Consequently, bulk density of non-residential zone was lower than that of residential zone. ii) The wastes consisted of 90% of combustibles and 10% of incombustibles in residential zone. And the wastes from non-residential zone was composed 85% of combustibles and 15% of incombustibles. iii) Water content was estimated at 47~50% in residential zone and restaurants. In non-residential zone, except restaurants, water content was in the range of 10~30%. Ash content was nearly 10% in overall zone.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2006년도 정기총회 및 제37차 춘계 국제학술발표대회
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• pp.209-213
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• 2006

본 연구는 재래흑돼지와 개량종 돼지 가열육의 SPME-GC/MS와 전자코를 이용한 휘발성 향기 성분 및 향기 패턴 비교를 구명하고자 실시하였으며, 평균 생시 체중이 70 kg인 재래흑돼지(거세돈) 5두와 103 kg인 개량종 돼지($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$,거세돈) 5두를 도축후 뒷다리 부위를 시료로 이용하였다. SPME-GC/MS를 이용한 휘발성 향기 성분에서 6-mehtyl-1-heptanol이 재래흑돼지육에서만 검출되었고, 1-octen-3-ol과 benzaldehyde가 재래흑돼지육이 개량종 돼지육보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 전자코의 PCA에 의한 향기 패턴은 두 품종간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 재래흑돼지 가열육이 개량종 돼지 가열육보다 높은 6-mehtyl-1-heptanol, 1-octen-3-ol, benzaldehyde를 가졌으며, SPME-GC/MS와 전자코에 의해 품종이 다른 가열 돈육의 휘발성 향기 성분과 패턴을 성공적으로 분별하였다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.224-229
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• 2017

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been used as additives in a variety of consumer products. While these particles may enter the environment, only a limited number of studies have investigated the effects of ZnO NPs on soil exoenzymes. Here, we investigate the long-term effects of ZnO NPs at concentrations of 50 and 500 mg/kg on the activities of six soil exoenzymes in planted soils: Dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolase, urease, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase, and ${\beta}-glucosidase$. Significant effects were observed at one or more time points for all enzymes except for FDA hydrolase. These effects included both decreases and increases in enzyme activity. Our results suggest that ZnO NP treatments of 50 and 500 mg/kg can adversely affect soil enzymes, particularly acid phosphatase and urease, and thus, these data may have implications for phosphorous and nitrogen cycles in the soil.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.98-103
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• 1999

Effects of Astragali Radix extract (AG) on the cell mediated-and nonlpecific immunotoxic responses of zinc chloride (Zn) were studied usign ICR mice. Mice were divided into 4 groups (10 mice/group), and Zn was given to the mice 1 hr after i.p. injection with 0.5g/kg of AG by i.p. injection daily for 10 days at a dose of 25 mg/kg. Immune responses on the responses on the relative weight of thymus, delayed-type hypersensitivity to SRBC (DTH), phagocytic activity and circulating leukocytes were evaluated. Zn treatment decreased body weight gain, the relative weight of thymus, DTH and circulating leukocytes compared with those in controls. AG treatment increased DTH, phagocytic activity and circulating leukocytes compared with those in controls. Combination of AG and Zn increased DTH and circulating leukocytes compared with those in controls, but decreased body weight gain and the relative weight of thymus. These findings indicated that AG decreased immunotoxicity of Zn on the DTH and circulating leukocytes.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.389-400
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• 2005

본 연구는 비비추 나물의 자생지 생태환경과 근권 미생물상을 조사하여 분석하였다. 비비추 나물 자생지 토양의 토성을 보면 사양토(SL)>양토(L)>식양토(CL)등의 물리성을 보였다. 또한, 토양의 pH를 보면 4.8 정도로 다소 산성이었으며, 전기전도도는 0.08mS/cm, 유기물 함량은 0.08g/kg 정도였다. 토양수분함량은 68.6% 정도였고, CEC는 $100.8cmol^{(+)}kg^{-1}$ 정도로 측정되었으며, 유효인산함량은 103.4mg/kg 정도였다. 치환성 양이온을 보면 칼륨은 $0.33cmol^{(+)}kg^{-1}$, 칼슘은 $2.26cmol^{(+)}kg^{-1}$, 그리고 마그네슘은 $0.87^{(+)}kg^{-1}$ 정도인 것으로 측정되었다. 자생지의 온도변화를 보면 $15{\sim}20^{\circ}C$ 정도로서 노지에 비해 온도가 다소 낮으면서도 최고온도와 최저온도의 변화가 적었으며, 습도는 $60{\sim}80%$ 정도로 노지에 비해 다소 다습조건이었다. 광도는 오전 10시에 노지가 $2,300{\mu}mol/m^2/sec.$ 정도였던 반면, 자생지의 광량은 $1,750{\mu}mol/m^2/sec.$ 정도로서 차광효과가 뚜렷하였다. 토양내 총 균수는 $8.4{\times}10^7\;c.f.u./g$ 정도의 밀도를 보였고, 근권의 균근균 포자 밀도를 보면 크기가 $500{\mu}m$ 이상은 0.8개 정도, $355{\sim}500{\mu}m$는 1.3개 정도, $251{\sim}354{\mu}m$는 2.1개 정도, $107{\sim}250{\mu}m$는 38.1개 정도, $45{\sim}106{\mu}m$는 110개 정도인 것으로 계수되었다. 뿌리에서 균근감염 양상을 보면 vesicle 17%, hyphae 6%등으로서 총 23%정도의 균근 감염율을 보였다. 그러나 arbuscule에 의한 감염은 발견되지 않았다.

• 분석과학
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2023

어류콜라겐 56건을 ICP-MS (Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer)를 이용한 총비소 분석과 HPLC-ICP-MS (High performance liquid chromatography-Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer)를 이용한 비소화학종 분석을 진행하였다. 그 결과 총비소 평균농도는 40.103±81.133 ㎍/kg (N.D.~586.686), 비소화학종 평균농도는 30.070±50.378 ㎍/kg (N.D.~313.871), 비소화학종 중 무기비소(As(III)와 As(V)의 합)의 평균농도는 24.610±32.706 ㎍/kg (N.D.~129.331)이었으며, As(V)가 가장 높은 비율을 차지했다. 콜라겐 제품 유형은 비소에 대한 기준·규격이 없으며, 본 연구 결과는 국내외 비소 기준과 기존 연구결과와 비교하였을 때 상대적으로 안전한 수준이라고 판단되었다. 그러나 1개 제품에서 총비소 586.686 ㎍/kg, 무기비소 8.119 ㎍/kg, 유기비소인 Dimethyl arsenate (DMA)가 305.752 ㎍/kg으로 캐나다의 유기비소 기준과 비교하였을 때 높게 검출되었다. 따라서 콜라겐 제품의 비소 안전을 확보하기 위해 지속적인 모니터링과 기준·규격 설정이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.