• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1481-1486
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• 2009

The immunomodulating effect of Salicornia herbacea polysaccharides on BALB/c mice splenocytes was investigated. Crude (CS) and fine polysaccharide (PS) extracts with potential biological activity were prepared from S. herbacea. For in vitro experiments, splenocytes and separated T cells were treated with CS and PS (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/mL). For in vivo experiments, the CS and PS were orally administered to BALB/c mice every day for 2 weeks. For basic data analysis, physiological parameters were recorded. Cell proliferation of splenocytes and T cells was used as an index for immunomodulating activity. The proliferation of splenocytes and separated T cells was 3.2 and 3.5 times higher than the control, respectively. Moreover, when splenocytes were treated with mitogen, the highest proliferation rate was observed in splenocytes cultured with PS. Interestingly, the stimulative activity of PS was more strongly exerted through $CD4^+$ T cells than through $CD8^+$ T cells.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.179-183
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• 1996

Streptoccus Pneumoniae (pneumococcus), the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia, has an ample polysaccharide (PS) capsule that is highly antigenic and is the source of PS vaccine. This investigation was undertaken to optimize the culture conditions for the production of capsulard PS by type 1 pneumococcus. Among several culture media, brain heart infusion (BHI) and Casitone based media were found to support luxuriant growth of pneumococcus type 1 at the same level. Because BHI medium is rather expensive and more complex than the Casitone based media, the Casitone based media was uwed to study optimization of the culture condition. The phase of growth which accomodated maximum PS production was logarithmic phase. Concentrations of glucose greater than 0.2% did not ehnahce growth or PS production. Substitution of netrogen sources with other resources or supplementation of various concentrations of metal ion (with the exception of calcium ion) had adverse affects on growth and PS production. On the other hand, low level aeration was beneficial for increased PS production. Addition of 3 mg/1 concentration of methionine, phenylalanine, and threonine were found to enhance growth and PS production. The synerigistic effect of all the favorable conditions observed in pneumococcal growth assays provided a two-fold cummulative increase in capsular PS production.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

The solid-phase extractant PS-D2EHPA/TBP was prepared by immobilizing two extractants D2EHPA and TBP in polysulfone (PS). The prepared PS-D2EHPA/TBP was characterized by using fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution was investigated in batch system. The experiment data were obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Equilibrium data were well fitted by Langmuir model and the removal capacity of Cu(II) by solid extractant PS-D2EHPA/TBP obtained from Langmuir model was 3.11 mg/g at 288 K. The removal capacity of Cu(II) was increased according to increasing pH from 2 to 6, but the removal capacity was decreased below pH 3 remarkably.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.515-525
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 저 위상잡음을 갖는 전압 제어 평판형 복합공진기 발진기(Vt-PCRO: Voltage-tuned Planar Composite Resonator Oscillator)를 설계, 제작하였다. 설계된 발진기는 공진기, 2개의 위상천이기, 증폭기로 구성된다. 공진기는 dual mode SIW(Substrate Integrated Waveguide) 공진기를 이용하여 구성하였으며, 약 40 nsec의 높은 군지연을 갖도록 하였다. 2개의 위상천이기 중(PS1, PS2: Phase Shifter 1 및 Phase Shifter 2) PS1은 $360^{\circ}$의 위상천이량을 가지며, 제작된 발진기의 전송선로 길이에 관계없이 개루프 이득(open loop gain) 발진조건을 만족하도록 한다. PS2는 약 $70^{\circ}$의 위상천이량을 가지며 발진 주파수 조정용으로 사용된다. 증폭기는 제작 시 발생한 큰 삽입손실의 문제를 보완하기 위해 2단으로 구성하였다. 개루프 이득 측정을 통해 발진 조건을 만족하는 PS1의 전압을 측정한 뒤, 폐루프로 구성하여 발진기를 구현하였다. 발진기 측정 결과, 5.345 GHz의 발진 주파수에서, 위상 잡음은 100 kHz offset 주파수에서 -130.5 dBc/Hz를 얻었다. 이때 출력 전력은 약 3.5 dBm, 전기적 주파수 조정 범위는 0~10 V의 조정 전압에서 약 4.2 MHz를 보였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.2410-2412
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• 2005

In this study, two types of PS substrate were fabricated for sensing of chemical and biological substances. For sensing of the humidity and chemical analyzes such as $CH_3OH$ or $C_2H_5OH$, PS layers are prepared by photoelectrochemical etching of silicon wafer in aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution. To evaluate their sensitivity, we measured the resistance variation of the PS diaphragm. As the amplitude of applied voltage increases from 2 to 6Vpp at constant frequency of 5kHz, the resistance variation for humidity sensor rises from 376.3 to $784.8{\Omega}$/%RH. And the sensitivities for $CH_3OH$ and $C_2H_5OH$ were 0.068 uA/% and 0.212 uA/%, respectively. For biological sensing application, amperometric urea sensors were fabricated based on porous silicon(PS), and planar silicon(PLS) electrode substrates by the electrochemical methods. Pt thin film was sputtered on these substrates which were previously formed by electrochemical anodization. Poly (3-methylthiophene) (P3MT) were used for electron transfer matrix between urease(Urs) and the electrode phase, and Urs also was by electrochemically immobilized. Effective working area of these electrodes was determined for the first time by using $Fe(CN)_6^{3-}/Fe(CN)_6^{4-}$ redox couple in which nearly reversible cyclic voltammograms were obtained. The $i_p$ vs $v^{1/2}$ plots show that effective working electrode area of the PS-based Pt thin film electrode was 1.6 times larger than the PLS-based one and we can readily expect the enlarged surface area of PS electrode would result in increased sensitivity by ca. 1.6 times. Actually, amperometric sensitivity of the Urs/P3MT/Pt/PS electrode was ca 0.91uA/$mM{\cdot}cm^2$, and that of the Urs/P3MT/Pt/PLS electrode was ca. 0.91uA/$mM{\cdot}cm^2$ in a linear range of 1mmol/L to 100mmol/L urea concentrations

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2008

악취와 양분의 불균일을 개선한 SCB 액비를 농경지에 투입하기 위해서는 작물에의 이용 및 환경에의 영향을 최소화하는 적정한 질소 양분관리가 중요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 노지 고추 재배에서 수량과 고추 품질 평가 항목으로 가용성 당 및 capsaicinoids 등을 고려하여 정식 전 액비의 적정 시용량을 평가하고자 하였다. 액비 처리에 따른 건물중은 시용량 증대에 따라서 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 부위별로는 열매가 건물중의 주요 부분을 차지하였으며 열매를 제외한 모든 처리구에서 각각의 부위별로 처리간의 큰 차이가 없음을 보였다. 정식 후 72에서 133일까지 총 5회에 걸쳐서 수확한 누적 수량에서 수확 초기인 1차 및 2차 수확에서는 처리간의 수량의 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 3차 수확이래로 액비 처리간에 차이를 보였다. 홍고추의 수량은 액비의 시용량 증가에 따라서 정량적으로 증가하였으며, 액비 100% 시용구에서 가장 많은 수량을 나타내었으나, 화학비료구 및 액비 125%구와 처리간의 차이는 없었다. 고추 품질 평가로서 가용성 당과 캡사이시노이드와의 비교에서 액비 시용 수준과 화학비료구간의 차이는 없었다. 위의 결과에서 고추에서 밑거름 화학비료 대체를 위한 액비의 시용은 질소 시비 추천량에 대해서 SCB 액비 100% 시용이 추천된다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1405-1407
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• 2009

We prepared polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (PSb-P2VP) lamellar films which is hydrophobic block-hydrophilic polyelectrolyte block polymer have 57 kg/mol-b-57 kg/mol. The result of UV-visible absorption spectra supported that effect of poly(ethylene oxide) on the band gap tuning of PS-P2VP photonic gel like salt effect.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.739-743
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• 2003

New quaternary compounds $ANb_2PS_{10}$ (A = Na, Ag) and $AuNb_4P_2S_{20}$ were synthesized and characterized. The structures of three compounds consist of one-dimensional infinite chains built by [$Nb_2S_{12}$] and [$PS_4$] units. Cation atoms are occupied within the van der Waals gap of sulfur atoms between infinite chains to make -S…$M^+$…S- contacts. There is only one Au atom site and so crystallographically a unit cell contains four equivalent Au atoms in $AuNb_4P_2S_{20}$. This is only the half of the numbers of Na or Ag atoms in $NaNb_2PS_{10}$ or $AgNb_2PS_{10}$. The ratio between $Nb_2PS_{10}$ matrix vs the cation is, therefore, 1 : 1 for Ag and Na, but it is 2 : 1 for Au. Mixed valency in Au or Nb was expected to balance the charge in the latter compound. The electronic structures calculated based on the extended Huckel tight-binding method show that $ANb_2PS_{10}$ (A = Ag, Na) are semiconducting, while $AuNb_4P_2S_{20}$ is metallic, which is not consistent with the experimental results of these three compounds that all exhibit semiconducting property. The result of calculation suggests that $AuNb_4P_2S_{20}$ might be a magnetic insulator. Magnetic measurement experiment exactly proved that the compound is a Slater antiferromagnetic material with the Neels' temperature of 45 K. It is recognized, therefore, that electronic structure analysis is very useful to understand the properties of compounds.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.186-186
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• 1996

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia, has an ample polysaccharide(PS) capsule that is highly antigenic and is the source of PS vaccine. This investigation was undertaken to optimize the culture conditions for the production of capsular PS by type 1 pneumococcus. Among several culture media, brain heart infusion (BHI) and Casitone based media were found to support luxuriant growth of pneumococcus type 1 at the same level. Because BHI medium is rather expensive and more complex than the Casitone based media, the Casitone based media was used to study optimization of the culture condition. The phase of growth which accomodated maximum PS production was logarithmic phase. Concentrations of glucose greater than 0.2% did not enhance growth or PS production. Substitution of nitrogen sources with other resources or supplemention of various concentrations of metal ion (with the exception of calcium ion) had adverse effects on growth and PS production. On the other hand, low level aeration was beneficial for increased PS production. Addition of 3 mg/I concentration of methionine, phenylalanine, and threonine were found to enhance growth and PS production. The synergistic effect of all the favorable conditions observed in pneumococcal growth assays provided a two-fold cumulative increase in capsular PS production.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.367-369
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• 2002

Chlorophyll (ChI) a' is the Cl3$^2$-epimer of ChI a which is the constituent of P700, the primary electron donor of Photosystem (PS) I, of a thrmophilic cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus, whose structure was recently determined by X-ray crystallography. To determine whether PS I of diverse oxygenic photosynthetic organisms universally contain one molecule of ChI a ’, pigment compositions of thylakoid membranes and PS I complexes isolated from cyanobacteria, green algae, red algae and higher plants were determined by reversed-phase HPLC. The results show that involvement of one ChI a'molecule in PS I is the universal feature for Chi a-based PS I of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms.