• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.88-93
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• 2010

Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) play crucial roles in balancing the production and decomposition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living organisms. These enzymes act cooperatively and synergistically to scavenge ROS. In order to imitate the synergism of these enzymes, we designed and synthesized a novel 32-mer peptide (32P) on the basis of the previous 15-mer peptide with GPX activity and a 17-mer peptide with SOD activity. Upon the selenation and chelation of copper, the 32-mer peptide was converted to a new Se- and Cu-containing 32-mer peptide (Se-Cu-32P) that displayed both SOD and GPX activities, and its kinetics was studied. Moreover, the novel peptide was demonstrated to be able to better protect vero cells from the injury induced by the xanthine oxidase (XOD)/xanthine/$Fe^{2+}$ damage system than its parents. Thus, this bifunctional enzyme imitated the synergism of SOD and GPX and could be a better candidate of therapeutic medicine.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.9A no.3
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• pp.387-398
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• 2002

As whole genome sequences of many organisms have been revealed by small-scale genome projects, the intensive research on individual genes and their functions has been performed. However on-memory algorithms are inefficient to analysis of whole genome sequences, since the size of individual whole genome is from several million base pairs to hundreds billion base pairs. In order to effectively manipulate the huge sequence data, it is necessary to use the indexed data structure for external memory. In this paper, we introduce a workbench system for analysis and visualization of whole genome sequence using string B-tree that is suitable for analysis of huge data. This system consists of two parts : analysis query part and visualization part. Query system supports various transactions such as sequence search, k-occurrence, and k-mer analysis. Visualization system helps biological scientist to easily understand whole structure and specificity by many kinds of visualization such as whole genome sequence, annotation, CGR (Chaos Game Representation), k-mer, and RWP (Random Walk Plot). One can find the relations among organisms, predict the genes in a genome, and research on the function of junk DNA using our workbench.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.468-474
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• 2019

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective surgical procedure for treating drug refractory movement disorders, and DBS involves delivering high frequency electrical stimulation to deep brain nuclei. Microelectrode recording (MER) is a complementary test that can precisely identify the location of deep brain nuclei, along with MRI correlation, during DBS surgery to improve the surgical outcome and minimize side effects. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the neuro-physiological waveforms and identify the usefulness of MER by analyzing the MER performed during DBS surgery for treating movement disorders. We retrospectively reviewed 28 patients who underwent MER during DBS surgery for movement disorders from January to December 2018. Of the 28 patients, 38 MERs for the subthalamic nucleus (STN), 10 MERs for the globuspallidusinternus (Gpi), and 4 MERs for the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus (VIM) were performed. In all the cases, the target sites were found and micro-stimulations were used to check for side effects and to readjust the target sites. The clinical symptoms of all 28 patients improved after surgery. In conclusion, MER is a useful test that employs neuro-physiological waveforms to accurately identify the deep brain nuclei, along with MRI correlation, to improve the DBS surgical outcomes for movement disorders and to minimize side effects.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.1473-1482
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• 2011

Adult male musk deer (Moschus spp.) secrete musk, a widely used ingredient in traditional Asian medicine and the international perfume industry. Musk deer are endangered due to historic over-utilization of musk and habitat loss. Musk deer farming, provides an important way of conserving musk deer and ensuring a sustainable musk supply. For over 50 years musk deer farming has been conducted in China with the endangered Alpine musk deer (Moschus sifanicus) the predominant farmed musk deer species. To date, few studies have examined the musk production of captive musk deer. This study analyzed musk-extraction data collected from 1997 to 2009 at Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm, Gansu, China. The musk-extraction ratio (MER) of captive male musk deer was 90.30% (n = 732), while the annual average musk extraction (AME) per animal was $7.90{\pm}0.17\;g$ with the range from 0.00 g to 34.20 g (n = 732). The origin of the deer had an influence on AME and MER production, with male wild-captured (WC) individuals recording higher values (AME, $8.76{\pm}0.27\;g$, n = 272; MER, 93.75%, n = 272) than those of captive breeding (CB) males (AME: $7.39{\pm}0.22\;g$, n = 460; MER: 88.26%, n = 460). The origin of an individual's parents, however, did not influence AME and MER. Age also influenced musk production with the MER of 1.5-year-old males being 87.5% with an average musk production of $8.27{\pm}0.47\;g$ (n = 96). The peak period for musk production was from 1.5 to 8.5 years of age. The results of our study demonstrate musk deer farming could work as an effective measure to protect musk deer and provide sustainable musk resources, however, the musk production including MER and AME could be improved through optimizing the managing and breeding system in endangered musk deer farming.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.178-184
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose an efficient parallelization technique of PU-level motion estimation (ME) in the next generation video coding standard, high efficiency video coding (HEVC) to reduce the time complexity of video encoding. It is difficult to encode video in real-time because ME has significant complexity (i.e., 80 percent at the encoder). In order to solve this problem, various techniques have been studied, and among them is the parallelization, which is carefully concerned in algorithm-level ME design. In this regard, merge estimation method using merge estimation region (MER) that enables ME to be designed in parallel has been proposed; but, parallel ME based on MER has still unconsidered problems to be implemented ideally in HEVC test model (HM). Therefore, we propose two strategies to implement stable parallel ME using MER in HM. Through experimental results, the excellence of our proposed methods is shown; the encoding time using the proposed method is reduced by 25.64 percent on average of that of HM which uses sequential ME.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2017

In this paper, to protect the piping in nuclear power plants and various plant facilities, we have developed a damper using the friction method and carried out a study to analyze the performance. Friction typed damper means a device for attenuating vibration by generating a frictional force to the bearing and the shaft by applying a compressive force to the MER-Spring. In order to analyze the performance of the damper, the properties of MER-Spring and friction materials were analyzed, a study on the effects of friction was carried out, and the behavior of this equation was established. And, to determine whether deformation of the material and to examine the reliability of the behavior equation established, prototypes was produced and, through a performance test and finite element analysis of a damper made of specimens, they were analyzed. As a result, it is noted that the reliability of the material was confirmed, the coefficient of friction have to be adjusted according to the velocity, cyclic loading test and finite element analysis results show exhibits excellent results. In addition, a review of the dynamic loads in the future shall be performed for the usage in more broad fields.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.303-307
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• 2006

We have screened phage display peptide libraries to select for peptides binding to various sized $TiO_2$ nanoparticles. Phage libraries displaying random 7mer, 12mer, and C-7-Cmer peptides were used for screening. The size of target $TiO_2$ particles used were 7 nm, 15 nm, and 25 nm in diameter. We could select peptides binding each nanoparticles from all 3 libraries. Their binding was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Each peptide investigated was also shown to bind the other sized particles, meaning that the binding was specific for the nature of the particle rather than for the size of it. One of the 7mer peptides (PEP9, SVSPISH) was chosen for further analysis. The binding was shown to be in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a specific interaction.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

9Pbw2 is a 9-mer analog of protaetiamycine derived from the larvae of the beetle Protaetia brevitarsis. Previously, we designed four 9-mer peptide analogues to optimize the balance between the hydrophobicity and cationicity of the peptides and to increase bacterial cell selectivity. Among them, 9Pbw2 has high antibacterial activity without cytotoxicity. The results obtained in previous study suggest that the bactericidal action of 9Pbw2 may be attributed to the inhibition of the functions of intracellular components after penetration of the bacterial cell membrane. In order to understand structure-activity relationships, we determined the three-dimensional structure of 9Pbw2 in 200 mM DPC micelle by NMR spectroscopy. 9Pbw2 has one hydrophobic turn helix from $Trp^3$ to $Arg^8$ and positively charged residues at the N- and C-terminus. This result suggested that positively charged residues from position at the C-terminus in 9Pbw2 may be important for the primary binding to the negatively charged phospholipid head groups in bacterial cell membranes and hydrophobic residues in the middle portion face toward the acyl chains of the hydrophobic lipid in the bacterial cell membrane.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.163-166
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 차세대 비디오 표준인 High Efficiency Video Coding(HEVC)의 영상 부호화 과정의 시간복잡도 감소를 위한 효율적인 Prediction Unit(PU)레벨 움직임예측(Motion Estimation, ME) 병렬화의 구현 기법을 제시하고자 한다. 움직임예측 과정은 부호화기에서 80%의 복잡도를 차지하는 과정으로 고속 부호화의 걸림돌이 되고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 제안된 것이 움직임예측 알고리즘의 병렬화이다. 알고리즘 수준에서 ME 의 일부인 Merge Estimation 의 병렬화를 위해서 Merge Estimation Region (MER)기반의 ME 방법이 제안되었다. 하지만 HEVC Test Model reference software(HM)에 반영된 MER 을 이용하여 실제로 병렬화된 ME 를 구현하는 과정에서는 알고리즘 측면에서 아직 고려되지 않은 문제들이 존재한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 MER 을 사용한 안정적인 병렬 ME 를 구현하기 위한 전략으로 각 PU 의 정보를 독립적으로 사용하기 위한 부분 순차화 방법과 메모리 접근제한을 이용한 병렬화 방법을 제시한다. 실험을 통해 본 연구의 우수성이 확인되었는데, 제안된 방법에 기반을 둔 구현에서 순차적인 ME 를 이용한 부호화기 대비 평균 25.64%의 전체 부호화 과정 시간의 감소가 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

The simulation of a heat pump dryer has been carried out to figure out the effect of air flow rate on the drying performance represented by MER, SMER, and so on. The simulation includes the analyses of one-stage heat pump cycle and simple drying process using the drying efficiency. The heat pump cycle with Refrigerant 134a has been considered. In the dryer, some of drying air from the drying chamber flows through the heat pump system, the rest of air bypasses the heat pump system. The two air flows joins before the drying chamber inlet. The performance parameters considered in the present study are MER, SMER, the temperature and humidity of drying air. Those parameters are compared for different total air flow rate or bypass air flow rate.