• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.49-65
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• 2011

This paper explored undergraduates' LoHAS purchasing behavior and factors influencing the behavior, including' self-construal, and LoHAS values, attitudes and behavior. First, this study investigated how self-construal affected LoHAS values, and then analyzed how LoHAS values influenced LoHAS attitude and behavior. We administerd a survey with undergraduates attending a university located in the metropolitan area. The analysis results indicate that ecological self-construal affects LoHAS values. According to the analysis, both environmentalism and sustain ability of LoHAS values also affect LoHAS attitude, and then the attitude influences LoHAS behavior. This study shows the casual relationship between variables including self-construal, LoHAS values, attitude and behavior. In particular, this finding confirms that self-construal as one of psychological factors affects LoHAS consumers' values and behavior.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.157-169
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• 2011

Objective : Nine classical needles have been recorded in oriental medical classics as a diversified instrument for acupuncture to treat patients with various symptoms. Recently, it has suggested that doctors didn't make full use of acupuncture and that poor understanding of the nine needles has caused the lack of usage. Methods : It has studied bibliographically about the conformation including a length & shape and application & usages of the nine classical needles presented in oriental medical classics. Results : Chamchim (shear needle) has 1.6 chon (寸) length, sharp apex treating fever in the head and trunk; Wonchim (roun-pointed needle) has 1.6 chon, eggshaped apex treating disease of flesh by massaging with it; Sichim (spoon needle) has 3.5 chon, thick body with round sharp apex treating weakness of Qi; Bongchim (lance needle) has 1.6 chon, a triangled apex treating chronic disease with bleeding; Pichim (stiletto needle) has 4 chon, razor sharp applying to surgery of big pus; Wonlichim (round-sharp needle) has 1.6 chon, thin body, sharp apex treating acute arthralgia syndromes; Hochim (filiform needle) has various lengths which treats various disease of meridians and organs; Jangchim (long needle) has 7 chon, sharp apex treating chronic arthralgia syndromes in deeper place of body; Daechim (large needle) has 4 chon, nail like apex applying to excrete artheredema in joints. Conclusions : The conformation of nine classical needles has been changed from those recorded in oriental medical classics since it was developed. However, the usage of nine classical needles has remained the same. Therefore it is considered that intrinsic attribute of the nine needles has preserved even though the conformation of nine classical needles has changed.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.125-136
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• 2006

Objectives: It has long been known about the osteogenic effect of CPC-HAS(cervi parvum cornu herbal-acupuncture solution) on bone tissues. However, it has not been determined the effect of CPC-HAS on cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to screen the CPC-HAS mediated differentially expressed genes..in cancer cells such as SNU484 gastric cancer cell lines. Oligonucleotide microarray approache was employed to screen the differential expression genes. Methods: CPC-HAS was prepared by boiling and stored at $-70^{\circ}C$ until use. Cells were treated with various concentrations of CPC-HAS (0.1, 0.5, 1.5, 10, 20 mg/ml) for 24 h. Cell toxicity was tested by MTT assay. To screen the differentially expressed genes in cancer cells, cells were treated with 1.5 mg/ml of CPC-HAS. For oligonucleotide microarray assay, total RNA was used for gene expression analysis using oligonucleotide Genechip(Human genome U133 Plus 2.0., Affimatrix Co.). Results: It has no cytotoxic effects on SNU484 cell in all concentrations(0.l, 0.5, 1.5, 10, 20 mg/ml). In oligonucleotide microarray assay, in SNU484 cells, the number of more than twofold up-regulated genes was 5 while, the number of more than twofold down-regulated genes was 10. Conclusions: This study showed the screening of CPC-HAS mediated differentially regulated genes using combined approaches of oligonucleotide microarray. The screened genes will be used for the better understanding of the therapeutic effects of CPC-HAS on cancer fields.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.39-47
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• 2006

Objective : It has long been known about the anticancer effect of GRR-HAS, however, it has not been systemically determined the differentially regulated genes by GRR-HAS in cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to screen the GRR-HAS mediated differentially expressed genes in cancer cells such as SNU484 gastric cancer cell lines. Oligonucleotide microarray approache was employed to screen the differential expression genes. Methods : GRR-HAS was prepared by boiling and stored at $-70^{\circ}C$ until use. Cells were treated with various concentrations of GRR-HAS(0.1, 0.5, 1.5, 10, 20mg/ml) for 24 h. Cell toxicity was tested by MTT assay. To screen the differentially expressed genes in cancer cells, cells were treated with 1.5mg/ml of GRR-HAS. For oligonucleotide microarray assay, total RNA was used for gene expression analysis using oligonucleotide Genechip (Human genome Ul33 Plus 2.0., Affimatrix Co.). Results : It has no cytotoxic effects on both HepG2 and SNU484 cells in all concentrations(0.1, 0.5, 1.5, 10, 20mg/ml). In oligonucleotide microarray assay, in SNU484 cells, the number of more than twofold up-regulated genes was 346. The number of more than twofold down-regulated genes was 9. Discussion : This study showed the comprehensive gene expression analysis using oligonucleotide microarray for the screening of GRR-HAS mediated differentially regulated genes. These results will provide a better application of GRR-HAS in cancer field and drug target development.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2017

The use of practical management factors to maximize pig health improvement cannot guarantee freedom from diseases. Moreover, because of health safety concerns, the use of antibiotics has been restricted in livestock, including pigs. Therefore, the swine industry has been looking for various alternatives to antibiotics to improve pig's health and performance. Clay is a dietary factor generally accepted for improving pig health. It is a naturally occurring material and is primarily composed of fine-grained minerals. It has a specific structure with polar attraction. Because of this structure, clay has the ability to lose or gain water reversibly. In addition, clay has beneficial physiological activities. First, clay has anti-diarrheic and antibacterial effects by penetrating the cell wall of bacteria or inhibiting their metabolism. Second, it can protect the intestinal tract by absorbing toxins, bacteria, or even viruses. When added to the diet, clay has also been known to bind some mycotoxins, which are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi, namely in cereal grains. Those beneficial effects of clay can improve pigs' health and performance by reducing pathogenic bacteria, especially pathogenic Escherichia coli, in the intestinal tract. Therefore, it is suggested that clay has a remarkable potential as an antibiotics alternative.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2005

Objectives : It has long been known about the osteogenic effect of CTF-HAS on bone tissues. However, it has not been determined the effect of CTF-HAS on cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to screen the CTF-HAS mediated differentially expressed genes in cancer cells such as SNU484 gastric cancer cell lines. Oligonucleotide microarray approach were employed to screen the differential expression genes. Methods : CTF-HAS was prepared by boiling and stored at $-70^{\circ}C$ until use. Cells were treated with various concentrations of CTF-HAS(0.1, 0.5, 1.5, 10, 20mg/ml) for 24 h. Cytotoxicity was tested by MTT assay. To screen the differentially expressed genes in cancer cells, cells were treated with 1.5mg/ml of CTF-HAS. For oligonucleotide microarry assay, total RNA was used for gene expression analysis using oligonucleotide genechip (Human genome U133 Plus 2.0., Affimatrix Co.). Results : It has no cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells in all concentration (0.1, 0.5, 1.5, 10,20mg/ml). More than twofold up-regulated genes were 5 genes. The number of more than twofold down-regulated genes was 10. Discussion : This study showed the screening of CTF-HAS mediated differentially regulated genes using combined approaches of oligonucleotide microarray. The screened genes will be used for the better understanding in therapeutic effect of CTF-HAS on cancer field.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.95-107
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• 2006

This study was explore the level of Yangseng by certain elderly people in Dalian, china. The subject of this study is(randomly) selected Dalian residents over 65 years-old. We used a formultaed questionnaire for this research during the period from October 2004 to November. 266 subjects in total answered to the questionnaire. The analyses are as follows: 1. Man does more Exercise Yangseng than woman. Elderly with spouse has better Total of Yangseng, Exercise Yangseng, Seasonal Yangseng, Sex life Yangseng than single elderly. Compare to elderly living with family other than their spouse, single elderly has better Total of Yangseng, Diet Yangseng, Activities and rest Yangseng, Exercise Yangseng, Sex life yangseng. 2. Educated elderly has better life than illiterate in every aspects except Diet Yangseng and Seasonal Yangseng. Elderly who does not belive in any religion has better Activities and rest Yangseng and Seasonal Yangseng. Religious elderly has better sleep yangseng than irreligioius elderly. Elderly with occupation has better Total of Yangseng, Activities and rest Yangseng, Exercise Yangseng and Sex life Yangseng. 3. Elderly who support himself of the living expense has better Sleep Yangseng, and elderly who support himself with his sons and daughters has better Morality Yangseng, Exercise Yangseng, Seasonal Yangseng and Sex life Yangseng. Elderly who has time to spare has better life than elderly who has bo leisure in Total of Yangseng and other 8 sub-factors.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.23-28
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• 2005

Objective : It has long been known about the osteogenic effect of CTF-HAS on bone tissues. However, it has not been determined the effect of CTF-HAS on cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to screen the CTF-HAS mediated differentially expressed genes in cancer cells such as HepG2 hepatoma cells lines. Methods : CTF-HAS was prepared by boiling and stored at $-70^{\circ}C$ until use. For proteomic analysis, total protein was analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis and Q-TOF mass spectrometer. Results : In proteomic analysis, three spots were identified by 2D-gel electrophoresis and Q-TOF analysis. One down-regulated protein was heat shock 70kDa protein 5 and up-regulated proteins were chaperonin and 2-phospho -pyruvate-hydratase ${\alpha}-enolase$ by 1.5mg/ml of CTF-HAS. Discussion : Proteomic analysis approach were performed to screen the differential expression genes. The screened genes will be used for the better understanding in therapeutic effect of CTF-HAS on cancer field.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.61-72
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• 2006

Objectives : Human chondrocytes co-treated with Buthus martensi Karsch herbal acupuncture solution(BMK-HAS) extract produced significantly less NO compared with chondrocytes stimulated with $IL-1{\beta}$ alone Methods : Activation and translocation of and NF-kB DNA binding activity were determined by Western blotting and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : The inhibition of NO production correlated with the suppression of induction and expression of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and activation protein-1 (AP-1)-dependent gene. BMK-HAS inhibited the activation and translocation of NF-kB to the nucleus, indicating that BMK-HAS inhibits the $IL-1{\beta}-induced$ production of NO in human chondrocytes by interfering with the activation of NF-kB through a novel mechanism. In addition, BMK-HAS reduced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)production in mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, whereas no influence on the activity of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) or cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) was observed. My data, therefore, suggest that BMK-HAS may be a therapeutically effective inhibitor of $IL-1{\beta}-induced$ inflammatory effects that are dependent on NF-kB activation in human OA chondrocytes. Conclusion : The results indicate that BMK-HAS exerts anti-inflammatory effects related to the inhibition of neutrophil functions and of NO and PGE2 production, which could be due to a decreased expression of iNOS and COX-2 through the transcription factors NF-kB and AP-1.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.901-908
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• 2013

The introduction of industrial intelligent robot using vision sensor has been interested in automated factory. 2D and 3D vision sensors have used to recognize object and to estimate object pose, which is for packaging parts onto a complete whole. But it is not trivial task due to illumination and various types of objects. Object image has distorted due to illumination that has caused low reliability in recognition. In this paper, recognition method of complex shape object has been proposed. An accurate object region has detected from combined binary image, which has achieved using DoG filter and local adaptive binarization. The object has recognized using neural network, which is trained with sub-divided object class according to object type and rotation angle. Predefined shape model of object and maximal slope have used to estimate the pose of object. The performance has evaluated on ETRI database and recognition rate of 96% has obtained.