• Title/Summary/Keyword: K-12

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Isolation and characterization of Bacillus subtilis NO12 from button mushroom substrates (양송이 배지로부터 분리된 Bacillus subtilis NO12의 특성)

  • Kim, Hye Soo;Park, Hyun Young;Lee, Chan-Jung;Kong, Won-Sik;Cho, Soo Jeong
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.249-253
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    • 2017
  • Twelve strains of bacteria with cellulase and xylanase activities were isolated from spent mushroom substrates collected from button mushroom cultivation farm, Buye, Chungcheongnam-do in Korea. Among them, one strain, designated NO12, with higher cellulase and xylanase activities was selected by agar diffusion method. The strain NO12 was identified to be a Bacillus sp. by biochemical characteristics using Bacillus ID kit and MicroLog system. Comparative 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NO12 formed a distinct phylogenetic tree within the genus Bacillus and was most closely related to Bacillus subtilis with 16S rDNA gene sequence similarity of 99.2%. Based on its physiological properties, biochemical characteristics, and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain NO12 was classified within the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus subtilis NO12 was proposed. The cellulase and xylanase activities of B. subtilis NO12 were slightly increased according to bacterial population from exponential phase to stationary phase in the growth curve for B. subtilis NO12. The xylanase activity continuously increased from the beginning of the exponential phase and exhibited maximum activity in the middle of the exponential phase.

Physicochemical Properties of Shade-cultivated Powdered Green Teas (차광재배 가루녹차의 이화학적 품질 특성)

  • Lee, Lan-Sook;Park, Jong-Dae;Cha, Hwan-Soo;Kim, Jong-Tae;Kim, Sang-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.719-722
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    • 2011
  • The Daecha-12 and Yabukita varieties of powdered green teas were grown under 85% shade-cultivated condition, and their physicochemical properties were analyzed. Total catechin content was not significantly different but, non-gallated catechin content in Daecha-12 was significantly higher than that in Yabukita. Theanine (32%), caffeine (14%), lutein (15%) and total chlorophyll (28%) levels were significantly higher in Daecha-12 than those in Yabukita. The results of a color analysis showed that the lightness L-value of Yabukita was higher than that of Daecha-12 but, that the greenness negative a-value and b-values of Daecha-12 were higher than those of Yabukita. The Daecha-12 cultivar had lower catechin content but higher content of theanine, caffeine, theobromine, lutein, chlorophyll, and a negative a-value than those of the Yabukita cultivar. Thus, the Daecha-12 cultivar is suitable to prepare a high-quality powdered green tea product.

Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Average Daily Gain and Carcass Traits of Hanwoo (한우 검정우의 일당증체량에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Byoungho;Choi, Taejeong;Choi, Jae Gwan;Choy, Yun Ho;Cho, Kwang Hyun;Lee, Seung Soo;Kim, Sidong;Kwon, Oh Sub;Na, Seung Hwan;Choi, You Lim;Cho, Chungil
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.54 no.5
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    • pp.317-321
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to identify the characteristics and estimate the genetic parameters of average daily gain (ADG) and carcass traits of Hanwoo. The data used in this study were 4,681 heads which were performance-tested and 4,442 heads which were progeny-tested in test station of National Agricultural Cooperative Federation. The means and standard deviations of ADG between 6~9 months (ADG:6-9), ADG between 9~12 (ADG:9-12) and ADG between 6~12 (ADG:6-12) from the performance test were $1.04{\pm}0.16$, $1.11{\pm}0.17$ and $1.07{\pm}0.11$, respectively. The phenotypic correlations of ADG:6-9 and ADG:9-12, ADG:6-9 and ADG:6-12, ADG:9-12 and ADG:6-12 were -0.03, 0.66 and 0.65, respectively. The phenotypic correlations of ADG:6-12 with carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BF), and marbling score (MS) from progeny test were 0.446, 0.199, 0.0266 and 0.045, respectively. Estimated heritabilities from the pooled data were 0.251 (ADG:6-12), 0.298 (CW), 0.424 (EMA), 0.503 (BF) and 0.626 (MS), respectively. Estimated genetic correlations of ADG:6-12 with CW, EMA, BF, MS were 0.606, 0.292, -0.095 and -0.007, respectively. From these results, it could be suggested that selection for ADG significantly affects CW, EMA and BF by correlated response to selection.

Selectivity of between K+ and Na+ Ions to 12-Crown-4: QSPR Analysis by a Monte Carlo Simulation Study

  • Kim, Hag-Sung
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.431-437
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    • 2008
  • The solvent effects on the relative free energies of binding of K+ and Na+ ions to 12-crown-4 and Dlog Ks (the difference of stability constant of binding) have been investigated by a Monte Carlo simulation of statistical perturbation theory (SPT) in several solvents. Comparing the relative free energies of binding of K+ and Na+ ions to 12-crown-4, in CH3OH of this study with experimental works, there is a good agreement among the studies. We have reported here the quantitative solvent-polarity relationships (QSPR) studied on the solvent effects the relative free energies of binding of K+ and Na+ ions to 12-crown-4. We noted that DN(donor number) dominates the differences in relative solvation Gibbs free energies of K+ and Na+ ions and DN dominates the negative values in differences in the stability constant (Dlog Ks) as well as the relative free energies of binding of K+ and Na+ ions to 12-crown-4 and p* (Kamlet-Tafts solvatochromic parameters) dominates the positive values in differences in the stability constant (Dlog Ks) as well as the relative free energies of binding of K+ and Na+ ions to 12-crown-4.

Structure-antibiotic activity of cecropin A(1-8)-magainin 2(1-12), cecropin A(1-8)-melittin(1-12) hybrid peptides and their analogues studied by NMR spectroscopy

  • Donghoon Oh;Songyub Shin;Joohyun Kang;Hahm, Kyung-soo;Kim, Killyong;Kim, Yangmee
    • Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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    • 1999.06a
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    • pp.32-32
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    • 1999
  • Cecropin A(1-8)-magainin 2(1-12) and cecropm A(1-8)-melittin(1-12) hybrid peptides were known to have potent antitumor and antibacterial activity. In particular, cecropm A(l-8)-magainin 2(1-12) has powerful antibacterial and antitumor activity with no hemolytic effect.(omitted)

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Ultra-Dense WDM PON with 12.5-GHz Spaced 256 Channels

  • Yim, Jae-Nam;Hwang, Gyo-Sun;Lee, Jae-Seung;Seo, Kyung-Hee;Lee, Hyun-Jae;Ko, Je-Soo
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.351-354
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    • 2008
  • We demonstrate an ultra-dense wavelength-division- multiplexed (UD-WDM) passive optical network (PON) where 12.5-GHz spaced 1 GbE ${\times}$ 256 optical channels are distributed using 12.5- and 200-GHz arrayed waveguide gratings in series. For the generation of upstream signals, we use reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers. We use two optical fiber amplifiers at the optical line terminal to amplify downstream and upstream channels.

Ordered Fragmentation of pDNA induced by PEG-PLL block copolymer -Correlation between Condensation degree and Biological Activity by Cell-Free System-

  • Osada, Kensuke;Doi, Motoyoshi;Shiotani, Tomonori;Yamasaki, Yuichi;Kataoka, Kazunori
    • Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2006.10a
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    • pp.254-254
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    • 2006
  • The sensitivity of plasmid DNA (pDNA) to S1 nuclease, an enzyme to cleave a single-strand DNA, was dramatically modulated through a supramolecular assembly (polyion complex micelle) with a synthetic block copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine) (PEG-PLL). The pDNA condensed in stoichiometric charge ratio was cleaved into 7 fragments each being 10/12, 9/12, 8/12, 6/12, 4/12, 3/12, and 2/12 of the original DNA length, on the other hand, the pDNA condensed in higher charge ratios (>4), were digested into non-specific manner. Condensation of the pDNA was investigated from two viewpoints that how does the rigid DNA molecules fold and condense and how does the condensation influence their biological activity.

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The Structural Properties of $Bi_4Ti_3O_{12}$ Ferroelectric Thin Films doped with Cerium (Cerium이 첨가된 $Bi_4Ti_3O_{12}$ 강유전체 박막의 구조적 특성)

  • Han, Sang-Wook;Nam, Sung-Pill;Lee, Sung-Gap;Bae, Seon-Gi;Lee, Young-Hie
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.236-237
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    • 2005
  • The structural properties of $(Bi,Ce)_4Ti_3O_{12}(BCT)$ thin films with post-annealing temperature were investigated. $(Bi,Ce)_4Ti_3O_{12}(BCT)$ thin films were deposited by RF sputtering method on Pt/Ti/$SiO_2$/Si substrates with optimum deposition condition. The $(Bi,Ce)_4Ti_3O_{12}(BCT)$ thin films was post-annealed at 600$^{\circ}C$, 650$^{\circ}C$, 700$^{\circ}C$, 750$^{\circ}C$, 800$^{\circ}C$ in furnace,respectively. Increasing the post-annealing temperature, the grain size, density and peak intensity of (117) and c-axis orientation were increased. The $(Bi,Ce)_4Ti_3O_{12}(BCT)$ thin films that annealed at 750$^{\circ}C$ exhibited well crystallized phase and had no vacancy and grain was uniform. but there are some secondary phases observed. At this time, the average thickness of $(Bi,Ce)_4Ti_3O_{12}(BCT)$ thin films was 2000 ${\AA}$.

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Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Lead Iodide in the Sodalite Cavities of Zeolite A (LTA)

  • Kim, Seok-Han;Lim, Woo-Taik;Kim, Ghyung-Hwa;Lee, Heung-Soo;Heo, Nam-Ho
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.679-686
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    • 2006
  • The positions of $PbI _2$ molecule synthesized into the molecular-dimensioned cavities of $\mid K_6 (Pb _4I_2)(PbI_2) _{0.67}-(H_2O)_2\mid [Si _{12}Al _{12}O _{48}]$-LTA have been determined. A single crystal of $\mid Pb _6\mid [Si _{12}Al _{12}O _{48}]$-LTA, prepared by the dynamic ion-exchange of $\mid Na _{12}\mid [Si _{12}Al _{12}O _{48}]$-LTA with aqueous 0.05 M $Pb _(NO _3)_2$ and washed with deionized water, was placed in a stream of flowing aqueous 0.05 M KI at 294 K for three days. The resulting crystal structure of the product $( \mid K_6 (Pb _4I_2)(PbI_2) _{0.67}(H_2O)_2\mid [Si _{12}Al _{12}O _{48}]$-LTA, a = 12.353(1) $\AA$) was determined at 294 K by single-crystal X-ray diffraction in the space group Pm3 m. It was refined with all measured reflections to the final error index $R_1$ = 0.062 for 623 reflections which $F_o$ > 4$\sigma$($F_o$). 4.67 $Pb ^{2+}$ and six $K^+$ ions per unit cell are found at three crystallographically distinct positions: 3.67 $Pb ^{2+}$ and three $K^+$ ions on the 3-fold axes opposite six-rings in the large cavity, three $K^+$ ions off the plane of the eight-rings, and the remaining one $Pb ^{2+}$ ion lies opposite four-ring in the large cavity. 0.67 $Pb ^{2+}$ ions and 1.34 $I^-$ ions per unit cell are found in the sodalite units, indicating the formation of a $PbI _2$ molecule in 67% of the sodalite units. Each $PbI _2$ (Pb-I = 3.392(7) $\AA$) is held in place by the coordination of its one $Pb ^{2+}$ ion to the zeolite framework (a $Pb ^{2+}$ cation is 0.74 $\AA$ from a six-ring oxygens) and by the coordination of its two $I^-$ ions to $K^+$ ions through six-rings (I-K = 3.63(4) $\AA$). Two additional $I^-$ ions per unit cell are found opposite a four-ring in the large cavity and form $Pb _2K_2I^{5+}$ and $Pb _2K_2I^{3+}$ moieties, respectively, and two water molecules per unit cell are also found on the 3-fold axes in the large cavity.

A Study on CV12 Moxibustion of King Sukjong(肅宗) of Joseon Dynasty -Focusing on Seungjeongwon Ilki(承政院日記) Yakbang(藥房) Records - (숙종(肅宗)의 중완혈(中脘穴) 수구사(受灸事) 연구 - 『승정원일기』 약방기록을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Dongryul;Ko, Daewon;Kim, Hyunkyung;Cha, Wungseok;Ahn, Sangwoo
    • Journal of Korean Medical classics
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.121-137
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    • 2015
  • Objectives : To investigate the progress, characteristics, and reasons of CV12 moxibustion that King Sukjong of Joseon Dynasty had experienced 31 years since 1684. Methods : This study mainly extracted the records and related records about CV12 moxibustion of King Sukjong and relevant records from Seungjeongwon Ilgi, and analyzed them. Aside from that, medical books wrote at that time and relevant records were additionally investigated. Results : King Sukjong cauterized CV12 or other CV12 related acupoints with moxa 21 years out of his 31 years from 1684 to 1714. The cautery period was usually between late January and mid February. He had 100 pieces of moxa for cautery. On the last day of his moxibustion, he cauterized ST36 with moxa. The moxibustion process consisted of the following steps: suggestion or requirement of moxibustion, decision of date and time, and moxa cautery. In 1684, the reason why King Sukjong cauterized CV12 with moxa was to treat his joint pain and nauseous symptoms. The effect can be found in Donguibogam, many other Korean medical books, and other general books at that time. In 1685, he began to cauterize CV12 with moxa to prevent diseases. Since then, most moxa cautery on CV12 had been performed in the same context. Conclusions : For 21 years, King Sukjong repeatedly cauterized CV12 with moxa. The moxa therapy was conducted to prevent diseases mostly. And King Sukjong had a lot of interest in the therapy. For the reasons, the therapy had repeatedly been performed so long.