• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.435-442
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• 2002

Phlegm is defined as the static fluid in excess in one or more parts of the body. It is not only a pathologic product but also a pathogen itself. However, as it says Phlegm is another title for the body fluid. phlegm can be physiological. In Hyungsang medicine. since the Hyungsang which an individual shows determines his or her illness. the principle to treat phlegm also varies according to the individual's Hyungsang. Thus, the author reviewed ‘Jisan’s Special Lectures for Clinicians’ and summarized the concepts and diagnostics of phlegm, and treatment and regimens by Hyungsang medicine. The concepts of phlegm : Phlegm is not only a pathologic product of disharmony of Jung(精), Ki(氣), Shin(神) and Hyul(血) but also a driving force to mature and transform these constituents. Phlegm is another designation for the Fluid. Phlegm can act as an alternative substance or buffering agent. If we describe our body as the habitat of worms. phlegm could be the inhabitant. Diagnostics of phlegm : The infraorbital areas have a dark-gray or blackish coloring. A man who is feminine or a woman who is masculine tends to develop phlegm. One of the major signs of phlegm is pain in Chungwan(中脘). The color of the skin does not change. Treatment of phlegm by Hyungsang medicine. For the Jung type(精科) and the Hyul type(血科), phlegm treatment is to supply Jung and Blood or eliminate Damp-phlegm. The man needs tonifying herbs and the woman needs herbs which promote the flow of Ki(氣). Children and the aged are. tegardless of the nature of disease, to be warmed and supplemented. For the heavy man. treatment is to supplement Ki and eliminate Damp; for the slim man. treatment is to supplement Yin(陰) and purge Heat.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.96-106
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• 1997

In Chinese medicine, the activities of removing and solving the inner cause are called the regimen in preventing the disease and the good condition of mind emphasizes us to practice ourselves the doctrine of regimen of the mind to promote the health and long life of the living body, in other words, it means we should have clean mind, less desire, less thought, less agony and widely open our emotion and will, and it also means the raising of good nature, the moral cultivation, and we can be healthy when we live by good virtus as the root of regiem. The meaning of the Qi has been expanded more and more since its origination throught the process of practice and perception of man. 1) Matter is changed to the smoke when burned, the energy of water becomes the rain in the sky and the rain raises all living creatures by making them wet. Throught these changes of circulation, men could realize the energy to be the common and original matter of forming all the creatures. 2) The direction of showing the breathing of men in and out has been expended. 3) It was widely understood as the meaning of showing vitality of men, and it was the original root of chinese medicine. 4) It was expended to be showing spirit of nature such as the sun, moon, star, sky, land, mountain and the moral spirit of men as peacefullness. By the original meaning of the word of energy expanded to the wider side of sky, land, men and things, nature, society, man and the moral spirit could get the unified basis of the matter. As the above, the word of Qi has been used in wider meaning at this time from the past. In other words, all things in the universe come into being and extinct by the chang of motion of the Qi and it is recognized to be the living activity in human body. The Qi-kong based on this energy and the motion applied to our daily life are very extensive (Lee, Hye - lung, 1997). Here are the summaries of the effect of the Qi-kong ; 1) The physical constitution is strenthened, physiological function is prosperous and we are free from various geriatric disease and psychosomatic disease not to mention the cold and indigestion. 2) It maintains the clear spirit, elevates intelligence, strengthens the spiritual power and demonstrates the potentiality at the amximum. 3) It maintain beautiful figure and clean skin never losing the charm but full of energy and vitality. 4) It keeps the balanced body never suffering from the unbalance of the bones, various and neuralgia. 5) It maintain the spiritual comfort, the natural posture in everything and real happiness (Lee, Hye-Jung, 1997 : Suh, Yong Kyu, 1989). Chinese medicine mentions the motion by Qi with Qi - kong. But the motion does not require special method in Western medicine. I t is the only way of living of our ancestor indaily life. It is maintaining the healthy lifr by training the Qi, and it is the motion of being with the nature with the open mind in breathing rather than artificially restricting our daily life, it is the motion of the body.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.125-133
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• 2005

Object : This paper is designed to inquire into the influence of eating habits on the emotion of modem people. Method : The methodology is used that searches for materials such as books and treatises on the relationship between eating habits and emotion. Result : Meat used for fast food comes from cows that are fed the feed containing growth hormone and antibiotic. Growth hormone extremely supplements fire or yang within the body while antibiotics undermines the process of yin, leading to an accumulation of damp-heat and inflammation of ministerial fire. Additives contained in instant foods also impinge on the process of yin, leading to poor digestion, damp-heat toxins and ministerial fire. Excessive consumption of meat results in incomplete combustion of fat and hinders the formation of essence. Subsequently, ministerial fire becomes hyperactive as a result of the lack of yin energy. Increased meat consumption in the human diet is coupled with unhealthy eating pattern in which people eat too much for dinner and too quickly. Eating too much disturbs digestion, making it slow and incomplete, leading to excess damp-heat conditions, insufficient amount of vital essence and eventually hyperactive ministerial fire. Milk is considered a catalyst of faster growth, making it suitable for calves. Milk intake rapidly increases the balance of yang and eventually cause hyperactivity of ministerial fire. Conclusion : It is estimated that the eating habits of modern people cause the process of yang, making them feel restless, impatient and aggressive.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.320-327
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• 2006

This study was written in order to help understanding of listening diagnosis to vocal sound and speech. The purpose of listening diagnosis is that we know states of essence(精), Qi(氣) and spirit(神). Vocal sound and speech are made by Qi and spirit. Vocal sound originates from the center of the abdominal region(丹田) and comes out through vocal organs, for example lung, larynx, nose, tongue, tooth, lip and so on. Speech is expressed by vocal sound and spirit. They are controled by the Five Vital organs(五臟). Various changes of vocal sound and speech observe the rules of yinyang. For example, if we consider patient likes to say or not, we can diagnose heat and coldness of illness. If we consider he speaks loudly or quietly, we can diagnose weak and severe of illness. If we consider he speaks clearly or thick, we can diagnose inside and outside of illness. If we consider he speaks damp or dry, we can diagnose yin and yang of illness. If we consider change of voice, we can diagnose new and old illness. Symptoms of changes of five voices, five sounds, dumbness and huskiness are due to abnormal vocal sound, and symptoms of changes of mad talk, mumble, sleep talking and so on are due to abnormal speech.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.297-321
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• 2001

Good health and longevity is the goal of huamn beings. Recently, 'Dietary treatment' has become influential as one of the means for it in western medicine. Whereas in oriental medicine, 'Dietary treatment' was not recognized as therapeutic method but care of health. in this paper, the viewpoints of 'Dietary treatment' in oriental and western medicine was compared and searched for new possibilities in oriental medicine. And the results were as follows. 1. In oriental and western medicine, food was obviously recognized as a source of nourishment, and moreover oriental medicine took even a human soul into consideration. 2. Western medicine made much of nourishment and was analytical and therapeutic-centered. on the other hand, oriental medicine took a serious view of prevention and care of health. 3. Oriental medicine considered that intake of food was a adoption of Gi(氣) and then it helped a circulation of Gi and beneficial for the production of Jeong(精). 4. The principles of diet in oriental medicine was reasonable combination of food, balance of Oh-Mi(五味), temperance of food and intake by physical constitution.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

Human nature, life, mind and spirit have very important meanings for Oriental medical science. This is because understanding human mind and spirit not only makes treatment of people easier and more accessible but also provides us a clue for finding out something we lost. As a consequence of investigating various classic books by ancient medical practitioners and Taoist scholars s as follows: l. Mind and spirit were valued very highly in Oriental medical science, and this can be found in classic books like , , , and . 2. To cure people, acquirement of detailed knowledge of mind and spirit should be preceded. 3. The Taoist school regarded mind, spirit, human nature and life as critical agents of health care and perceived that they were indispensable for going back to The Great Emptiness(Nothingness before the First Cause), the ultimate goal of Taoist learning. 4. Although human nature, life, mind and spirit have different names and different users, it is like theory and practice and we can see that ancient sages used them all in the same context of natural law.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.87-107
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• 1999

This study is about saliva from a GIGONG's point of view, it's importance, and it's funtion that recently medical world proved. And here is GIGONG training with saliva. The results were summarized as follows. 1. It is detected that saliva have function to prevent symptoms of senility and have effect of an $anti{\sim}cancer$ medically in recent years. So it is said that science proved narrowly that so called a predecessor speak of salive interms of high praise and they already experienced. 2. Similar substance to saliva exist in human body besides nature food, but human body have materials that deal with all situation to occur from every kind of environment and disease. And exactly saliva is an example of it. 3. We cannot turn back sweat, blood, tears and sperm again that is out of human body once, but we can swallow again only saliva. Therefore, we must experience training that swallow saliva to make us healthy by ourselves, and we don't have to commit a foolish act to cough up saliva at random that a predecessor speak of in terms of high praise, and to be second to JUNG(精). 4. Saliva is a kind of antibody or hormone, so I think that we need to make a study of using saliva with a GUIGONG that is an example of way to strengthen immunity of human body.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2002

Insomnia describes not only a state of a lack of sleep but also a causative factor for both psychological and physical disorders. Most people tend to underestimate the effects of insomnia on psychological problems, stroke, Sogal or other life-threatening conditions. insomnia may occur when 1) the flow of Jung(精), Ki(氣), Shin(神) and Hyul(血) is not smooth; 2) the five Jang organs and six Bu organs are in disharmony; 3) Shin(身) and Hyung(形) are inconsistently developed; 4) Young and Wi(衛) do not work in concert; 5) and other factors such as age or exposure to Cold are involved. I observed my patients suffering from insomnia according to Hyungsang medicine, which is based on 'Dongyuibogam'(東醫寶鑑). Insomnia due to the problems with Jung, Ki. Shin and Hyul was found in the Shin type(神科) and the Ki type(氣科). When it comes to the organs, sleep disorder significantly correlates to weakened Spleen, Liver and Kidneys. In terms of the inconsistent development of Shin and Hyung, patients who were shortsighted or experienced surgery showed insomnia. Patients exposed to Cold showed false type agitation. With respect to age, while children showed a weakened Gallbladder, the aged had deficient Blood. Sleep disorder caused by disharmony of Young and Wi occurs at dusk or dawn.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to compare hair and alopecia of Korean Medicine with those of western medicine. Methods : We studied relationships between hair and essense(精), qi(氣), blood(血), five vicera(五臟) and meridians(經絡) through literature review about hair and alopecia. We compared Korean medicine with western medicine on physiology of hair and treatment of alopecia based on the study. Results & Conclusion : 1. Congenital essense(先天之精) is related with genetic factor and acquired essence(後天之精) is connected with nutritional factor. Defending function of Defense qi(衛氣) is related with immune reaction and qi stagnation(氣鬱) is associated with stress reaction. Atrophy of vascular tissues observed in alopecia scalp means deep relationship between blood(血) and alopecia, further deficiency of blood can cause telogen effluvium. 2. Kidney qi(腎氣) is related with inhibiting combination of Androgen receptor and Dihydrotestosterone(DHT) or activating hair growth factior. Pi(脾) is connected with alopecia seborrheica caused by damp-heat(濕熱) and alopecia areata caused by excessive prudence(思慮過度). Heart(心) is associated with atrophy in vascular tissue of scalp and liver(肝) is connected with metabolism. 3. Armpit hair and pubic hair as secondary sex characteristics are realated with Yangming Meridian(陽明經) and beard and hair at crown part where Type II $5{\alpha}$-reductase is activated much are associated with Taiyang Meridian(太陽經). 4. Juglandis Semen pharmacopuncture and Ganoderma lucidum pharmacopucture have better effects on inhibit $5{\alpha}$-reductase than Finasteride. Minoxidil and PRP are similar with promoting blood flow and removing stasis(活血祛瘀). Seven-star needling(七星針) is similar with microneedling. 5. Alopecia can be caused by due to lack of circulation Views we need solution to improve circulation coincide in opinion with Korean Medicine and Western medicine.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.63-79
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• 2008

Background: The consequences of disordered breathing patterns are not only distressing to the patient but also expensive to our health care systems if they are not diagnosed and treated. So we performed this study to investigate clinical significants trough gigong, yoga and hyperventilation in oriental medicine and westen medicine Method: Voluntary control of respiration is one of the main methods of physical and mental training such as meditation, qigong meditation or Yoga. So, this study focuses on breathing in qigong and yoga. This study appreciates a role that a control of respiration has in physical, mental aspects and searches side-effects in qigong and yoga Conclusions: A control of respiration has a function that manages Jung(精), Qi(氣), Shin(神) in Oriental Medicine. It manages Autonomic Nerve system, Endocrine system and induces natural awareness. So Briging the body and mind work through a control of breathing. Breathing pattern disorder has Damum and Qiher pattern in Oriental Medicine pattern. This disease pattern concearnes ATP metabolism. Qiher is concearned with a mitochondria disorder and Damum is concearned with a products of lactate. we guess that Lactate analysis may be utilized as a diagonostic criteria of Breathing pattern disorder. After this, It needs a study that Lactate analysis is concearned with Breathing pattern disorder as Damum pattern. Result: A control of respiration is related not only breathing but also spiritual and physical state. Joo-hwa-ip-ma as Breathing pattern disorder is smiliar to hyperventilation. HVS is patternated Damum and Qi-Weakness pattern in oriental medicine. Lactate is an important complement that diagonates HVS and will be concearned with Damum.