• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was aimed at comparing clinical effectiveness among dry needle, Bee Venom Acupuncture, Hwangryunhaedoktang Herbal Acupuncture for treating acute ankle sprain. Methods : The subjects in this study were sixty patients with lateral ankle pain who came to Jaseng Hospital of Oriental medicine from Oct. 28. 2007 to Jul. 14. 2008. Among them, the number of patients after 3 session of each treatment was 17 with dry needle, 18 with Bee Venom Acupuncture, 17 with Hwangryunhaedoktang Herbal Acupuncture, and they were evaluated with Numerical Rating Scale(NRS), and Ankle-Hindfoot Scale(AHS) before and after every session of treatment. Results : 1. Each group had significant decrease in NRS(P<0.05) and increase in AHS score(P>0.05) after 3 session of each treatment. 2. There was no significant difference among 3 groups after 3 session of each treatment. Conclusions : When treating patients with acute ankle pain, Acupuncture, Bee Venom Acupuncture, Hwangryunhaedoktang Herbal Acupuncture each has clinical effect.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.61-64
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• 2009

우리나라의 강원도 동해 주변해역에서 둑중개과 Icelus속에 속하는 한국미기록종 어류 4개체(표준체장 114.2~134.2 mm)를 채집하였다. 본 종은 후두부에 한 쌍의 강한 가시와 몸의 등쪽과 배쪽에 구별되는 비늘 열을 가지고 있고, 체측에 흰색의 벌레먹은 무늬가 나타나며, 두부 뒤쪽에 작은 비늘이 산재하는 특징을 보였다. 이러한 특징을 바탕으로 이 종을 Icelus stenosomus Andriashev로 동정하였으며 국명을 '무늬줄가시횟대'라고 명명하였다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.244-248
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• 2013

촉수과에 속하는 Upeneus tragula 2개체가 제주도에서 채집되어 한국 미기록종으로 기재한다. 이종은 가슴지느러미 연조 수 13개, 측선 비늘 수 29개, 새파수 19개를 갖고 있다. 그리고, 첫 번째와 두 번째 등지느러미에 다소 불규칙한 무늬가 있으며 몸의 측면에는 작은 크기의 점들이 비교적 넓게 분포하였고, 특히 꼬리지느러미의 상엽과 하엽에 여러 개의 짙은 줄무늬가 뚜렷하게 존재하여 우리나라에 현재 보고된 Upeneus속 3종과 형태적으로 쉽게 구분된다. 따라서, 이 종의 새로운 국명은 "검은줄촉수"로 제안한다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.235-246
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to discover the experience of hemodialysis which clients confronted hemodialysis at the same time as CRF diagnosis and to understand the nature and meaning of their crisis experience. The research subjects were 6 clients receiving hemodialysis in Seoul from Jan. 1996 to Jul. 1996. Data were collected by informal indepth interview and participant observation. Content Analysis(by Seaman & Verhonick, 1982; Woods & Catanzaro, 1988) was applied to collect similar contents and common experience in order to derivate concepts and categories for better understanding of their hemodialysis experience. As a result, 6 categories derivated to indentify their hemodialysis experience of the CRF clients-confronted hemodialysis at the same time as CRF diagnosis-were as follows: 1) The category of shocking crisis composed the concepts of shock, amagement and suffocation. 2) The category of denial composed the concepts of disease refusal and hemodialysis refusal. They repeatedly visited hospitals or didn't visit hospital in order to refuse disease, then depended on folk remedy or shamanistic method. 3) The category of severe anxiety composed the concepts of abandoned feeling, shame, resentment, neurosis and anger. 4) The category of depression composed the concepts of grief, suffering of unfairness, tearing, desire to death. 5) The category of powerlessness composed the concept of hopelessness. 6) The category of resigned acceptance composed the concepts of resignation and acceptance. In this study, the CRF clients who confronted hemodialysis at the same time as CRF diagnosis experienced six stages in accepting hemodialysis but these stages were mingled simultaneously and went on.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.231-241
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• 1986

The annual decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose by microorganism and distribution of soil microbial flora were investigated in the humus horizon of a Pinus rigida stand in Mt. Kwanak. The cellulase activity was the lowest, 142$\mu$g glucose/g/hr from Dec. 1985 to Mar. 1986 and the highest, 760~1, 072$\mu$g glucose/g/hr in Jul. and Aug. 1985. The xylanase activity was 47% higher than the cellulase activity and was the lowest, 211~275$\mu$g xylose /g/hr from Feb. to Mar. 1986 and the highest as 799~1, 322$\mu$g xylose/g/hr from Jun. to Aug. 1986. The vertical distribution of the enzyme activity was decreased with the order of F, H, L, and A1 in both enzymes and the activities were exponentially decreased below L horizon, which suggests that most decomposition be done in F and H horizons with lots of organic matters. The SEM study slowed that the main decomposers of litters were fungi and initial attack into litters was also made by them. The enzyme activities of soil had strong correlations with the temperature and the precipitation. The correlation coefficients were 0.813 and 0.886 in the cellulase, and 0.673 and 0.626 in the xylanase for the temperature and the precipitation, respectively.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.664-670
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• 2004

This paper presents a new velocity estimation strategy of a non-salient permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive without high frequency signal injection or special PWM pattern. This approach is based on the d-axis current regulator output voltage of the drive system that has the information of rotor position error. The rotor velocity can be estimated through a rotor position tracking PI controller that controls the position error to zero. For zero and low speed operation, PI controller gains of rotor position tracking controller have a variable structure according to the estimated rotor velocity. In order to boost the bandwidth of PI controller around zero speed, a loop recovery technique is applied to the control system. The proposed method only requires the flux linkage of permanent magnet and is insensitive to the parameter estimation error and variation. The designers can easily determine the possible operating range with a desired bandwidth and perform the vector control even at low speeds. The experimental results show the satisfactory operation of the proposed sensorless algorithm under rated load conditions.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 PI형태의 속도제어기를 장착한 고성능 유도전동기의 조건부 적분형 자동 튜닝 anti-windup 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법에서는 전동기 운전 조건에 대한 사전 정보 없이도 전동기 토오크 지령의 주파수 해석에 의해서 적분기 온/오프 시점이 결정된다. 따라서, 사용자는 anti-windup 동작을 위한 별도의 제어 상수를 설정하지 않아도 된다. 또한, 동작 조건이 변동하여도 과도 상태의 속도는 항상 최소한의 오버슈우트와 점착시간을 가지도록 동작한다. 본 기법은 속도 및 토오크 응답의 오버슈우트를 허용하지 않는 유도전동기 고성능 응용 분야에 유용하게 적용 될 수 있으며, 기본 개념은 화학 공정이나 산업용 로봇과 같은 일반 산업 응용 분야에도 확대 적용 가능하다.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.527-533
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• 2005

선형 하이브리드 스테핑 전동기는 간단한 구조와 저가의 구동 방식으로 위치 제어를 요구하는 일부 반도체 공정 및 사무실 자동화 기기 등에서 최근 각광을 받고 있다. 그러나, 구조가 간단한 반면 이로 인한 릴럭턴스 및 코깅 추력에 의한 리플 때문에 아직까지 고부가가치의 정밀 공정에는 적용이 제한되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 선형 하이브리드 스테핑 전동기의 추력 리플 발생 원인을 분석하고 이를 통하여 리플 추력을 상쇄하는 고성능 폐루프 제어 방식을 제안한다. 실험실에서 제작된 선형 하이브리드 스테핑 전동기에 대한 다양한 실험 결과를 통하여 해석 및 제안된 방법의 타당성을 검증한다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1003-1010
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• 2012

Recent power electronics and variable-frequency motor drive technologies have been applied to air conditioners to improve efficiency and power density. However, the mechanical vibrations and acoustic noise resulting from the compressor still remain as a serious problem. This paper presents the development and implementation of an online disturbance state-filter for the suppression of multiple unknown and time-varying vibrations of air conditioning systems. The proposed design has a form of the state-filter based on a Luenburger-style closed-loop speed observer. An active vibration decoupling strategy with an estimated disturbance is provided, which manipulates a motor torque command. Since the proposed estimation does not require any additional transducers or hardware for obtaining real-time information upon disturbances, it is suitable for retrofitting industrial air conditioners.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2005

The purpose of this study which was done by 250 Prehospital Care Reports(PCRs) survey of some squads in Seoul Metropolitan Fire & Disaster Management Department was to improve prehospital emergency care by means of quality management. The data were collected in 3 squads from Jun. 21 to Jul. 18, 2004 and analyzed by using SPSS Win 12.0 Version. The conclusions from this study were summarized as follows. The mean time of Event to treatment interval was $4.6{\pm}4.3$ minutes and 49.2% arrived at patient within 4 minutes. Platinum minute was observed 61.1% of verbal response, 73.3% of painful response, 77.8% of unresponsive. The great majority of patients couldn't receive advanced life support on account of limited scope of practice and strict direct medical control in the Emergency Medical Services Act. Data from quality improvement activity will be useful to expand indirect medical control which is able to activate prehospital care. To utilize PCR for quality improvement. It has to have data elements, run data, patient data, check boxes, narrative including US DOT's minimum data set.