• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.316-323
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• 2012

This study examined the prevalence of the traditional pressed sweet called dasik recorded in 15 Joseon dynasty (1392-1909) royal palace studies. The ingredients used in Dasik during the Joseon dynasty were categorized into 43% cereal powders, 18.6% tree fruits, 17.4% flower powders, 11.6% root clods, 8.2% dry-fish beef powders, and 1.2% vegetables. In the early era of the Joseon dynasty there were no reports of dasik in the royal palace. In the middle era of the Joseon dynasty there was one report of dasik in the royal palace. But in the late era of the Joseon dynasty there were 85 kinds of dasik reported in the royal palace. The most common ingredients were, most common first, Song-wha (松花), Huek-im (黑荏), Hwang-yul (黃栗), Nok-mal (菉末), and chungtae (靑太). The appearance and taste of dasik varied greatly throughout the time period, eventually resulting in nutrient supplementation. This observation may be associated with the commercial industrial development that prevailed during the late Joseon dynasty. Further investigation will be conducted on the recipes and ingredients recorded in these old studies to develop a standardized recipe for the globalization of dasik.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.55-68
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• 2010

It has been generally known that Datong-li (a Chinese calendar in the Ming dynasty) was first introduced into Korea in the nineteenth reign of King Gongmin (1370) of the Goryeo dynasty and lasted to the third reign of King Hyeojong (1652) of the Joseon dynasty. This understanding is based on the records of Goryeo-sa (History of the Goryeo dynasty) and of Seoungwan-ji (Official book of Seoungwan)/Jeungbomunheon-bigo (Explanatory Notes of Library Document). To verify the period of the use of Datong-li in Korea, we develop a Fortran code to calculate the calendar day by Datong-li and also investigate historical literatures and extant almanacs. As a result, we find the possibility that Datong-li had been in use since 1389 at least. However, we cannot confirm whether Datong-li was first enforced in 1370 or not. On the other hand, we confirm that Datong-li was used until 1653 and reintroduced during the period from 1667 to 1669. Also, we find that previous studies had some errors in the sexagenary cycle of the real first day of a month. We think that this study will contribute to understanding the calendrical history of the Joseon dynasty.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.85-106
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• 2011

This study analyzes excavated Danryeong of the same period to understand differences between female and male Danryeong, and to identify characteristics of female Danryeong, including their purpose, then-name and women's wearing of them. The subject female Danryeong were estimated to be worn in the late 15th century and the early 17th century, and newly-discovered female Danryeong, along with those examined in the Song Mi-kyeong's study, were studied. This study found that female Danryeong have distinctive characteristics from male's in many aspects such as ease of a garment, sleeve design, Hansam (a layered sleeve to cover hands), shape of Moos (side pleats), Goreum (a coat string), Dae (a belt). From this finding, the purpose of female Danryeong can be assumed: a ceremonial robe, which is different from that of mem's official robe. Female Danryeong began to disappear as Wonsam, a ceremonial topcoat, emerged. From the transitional Danryeong and excavated Wonsam, female Danryeong were estimated to be used as ceremonial robes in the mid Joseon period when Wonsam had yet to be created; and they were estimated to be called "Dansam" or "Wonsam."

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.651-670
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• 2019

This study examined the status of food specialties in Korea during the Japanese colonial period through 『Specialities of Joseon (朝鮮の特産)』. The book recorded a total of 164 areas and 317 specialties, focusing on five railway lines and branch lines on the Gyeongbu, Honam, Gyeongui, Gyeongwon, and Hamgyeong. Among the specialities, 211 species were included, excluding overlapping ones. The food specialties accounted for 100 kinds in 159 regions or 47.4 percent of the specialties. There were 47 food specialties in 47 areas of the Gyeongbu Line, 21 food specialties in 20 areas of the Honam Line, 32 food specialties in 40 areas of the Gyeongui Line, 26 food specialties in 15 areas of the Gyeongwon Line, and 33 food specialties in 42 areas of the Hamgyeong Line. Among the specialties, the amount of fish and their workpiece was overwhelmingly the largest. Next came processed goods of fruits, grains, and vegetables. In modern factories, corn, tomatoes, blueberries, and sardines were made of processed goods. Factories have been constructed for glass noodles, sugar, and soju. Specialities and processed goods produced in each region were brought to Japan during the Japanese colonial period.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Objectives :The Shishimilu is a clinical treatise, published in 1687 by Qing period doctor, Chensiduo. The purpose of this study is to report the newly discovered Korean translation to the academic world and discuss its significance. Methods : The newly discovered Korean translated version was examined in detail focusing on bibliography and content items. In addition, the time of introduction of the Shishimilu to Joseon was studied philologically. Results : 1. The time of completion was during the period of the Korean Empire. 2. The original text was faithfully translated. 3. The book was rearranged from the original document to make it easier to apply in clinical practice. 4. Experiences of Joseon medicine were reflected, mainly prescriptions. 5. According to documentary evidence, the Shishimilu was first introduced to Korea only in the late 19th century, and was widely distributed during the Japanese colonial period. Conclusions : he Korean translated version of the Shishimilu was the earliest among known Korean translations of Chinese medical texts, and while faithfully translating the original text, the compilation was rearranged to make it easier to apply clinically. In addition, the experience of Joseon medicine was reflected mostly in prescriptions. It could be determined that if contents of the Shishimilu appear in Korean literature whose writing period is unknown, it can be historically verified to have been written after the late 19th century.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.732-740
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to discuss Joseon dynastyis first perspective on the Western-style Court Costume which was newly introduced to Joseon through the problems receiving the credential that Japan had sent in new style. For this study, the records of Joseon and Japan at that period have been analyzed. The followings are the results of this research; First, a critical argument on the Western-style Court Costume occurred just before the Port Opening because whether wearing a western costume was the key factor in Joseon dynastyis receiving the credential that Japan had send in new style. Second, Japan received western costume as its domestic courtesy system by establishing the Court Costume of Civil servants in 1872 and consequently Japan established new ceremony procedure of western-style bow in 1875. Third, Joseon dynasty officially opposed to the Western-style Court Costume when Japan sent the credential, because the western costume selected by Japan had beenregarded as that of western barbarian at that time in Joseon. Accordingly, it seems reasonable that before the introduction of western costume into Joseon dynasty, an open-door policy for the West had been a prior settlement for Joseon dynasty regardless of the details of Western-style Court Costume. And also, the pride of civilization of Joseon dynasty, which has been used to express Joseon dynastyis identity as Joseon-centrism, had to be converted before the open-door policy. Ultimately, it could be inferred that the reception of the Western-style Court Costume had been raised as the political and diplomatic problems in the circumstances when the submissive relationship in the traditional Eastern- Asia had been forced to be converted to modern sovereign international relationship.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.21
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• pp.35-52
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• 2009

The guard system in the last period of the Joseon Dynasty, established at the time of the struggle of invading world powers and the loss of the Dynasty rights, was strengthened to protect the Royal family and the Dynasty from the attacks of foreign powers. While investigating both the military system and the guard system from the beginning of King Gojong's direct royal governing to the time of Japanese annexation of Korea, we realize that the Joseon Dynasty not only lost the support of the public but also had little power to cope with the aggression of foreign countries. The reformation and strengthening by Daewongun, King Gojong's father, was made in preparation for King Gojong's direct royal rule. Nevertheless, the intervention of foreign countries in the domestic affairs of the Joseon Dynasty got worse. As opposed to their intervention, Queen Minbi had engaged in politics, which resulted in murderous attempts on her. The Joseon Dynasty had tried to reform and intensify the guard system. New names such as Muwiso, Chingunyeong, and Siwidai, had been given respectively. Such reformation and intensification had little effect because of two successive victories at the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War of Japan. Japan occupied the Joseon Dynasty by force after all. The guard system of Daehan-jeguk(the Empire of Korea) was eventually incapacitated; an army in the cause of justice was raised instead. However, The state of things and the guard system at that incapacitated period gives a good lesson for the establishment of a modern guard system at the present day.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.61-78
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• 2009

Although the royal tomb keeper's house in the late Joseon period did not undergo dramatic changes, overall, the keeper's house of Yeong Mausoleum, the tomb of King Hyojong, and other royal tombs afterward showed the classification of its rooms according to their purpose and the expansion of its size. During King Yeongjo's reign, the tomb keeper's house tended to consist of Jaesil, Anhyangcheong, Jeonsacheong and Haenggak. The size and arragement pattern of the tomb keeper's house of Yeong Mausoleum were partially maintained in royal mausoleums constructed afterward. Especially Anhyangcheong was first established on the tomb keeper's house of Yeong Mausoleum and its architectural form was maintained until that of Ye Mausoleum, the tomb of King Cheoljong. The tomb keeper's house of Yeong mausoleum in Yeoju was constructed in 1659 and then moved in 1673 and 1674. In order to bury King Hyojong's wife with King Hyojong, the site of Yeong Mausoleum was moved twice with using almost all materials used for the initial tomb. In addition, as norms related to rites performed at royal tombs were created in the early 20th century, the tomb keeper's house of Yeong Mausoleum was selected as an exemplary tomb keeper's house representing the royal tomb keeper's house of the Joseon era, and it mostly coincides with its remaining arrangement pattern. Through records distributed in relatively similar periods, it is considered that most of the features fo royal tomb keeper's house in the Joseon period have been inherited until today and that Yeong Mausoleum has a very higher architectural status as an especially valuable tomb keeper's house among royal tomb keepr's houses in the Joseon era.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.17-27
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• 2024

This research interprets the unique hybridity of the pavilion architecture in the Joseon Dynasty, in which the name and form do not match and the rooms and floors are combined in various ways, through the Confucian architectural prototype Muijeongsa(武夷精舍) built by Zhu Xi(朱熹). The architectural representation of Muijeongsa, developed against the background of the mid-Joseon period of active pavilion management by Sarim(士林) groups, the spread of ondols due to the Little Ice Age, and an architectural culture following the footsteps of the Zhu Xi is likely to have influenced the perception and practice of pavilion architecture. In this research, by examining and analyzing the contents of the Muijeongsa Japyeongbyeongseo(武夷精舍雜詠幷序) containing the architectural composition of Muijeongsa, it was confirmed that different types of spaces such as Dang(堂), Jeong(亭), Jae(齋), and Gwan(館) are integrated into Muijeongsa. Based on this, the main examples of the architecture of Jeongsa in the mid-Joseon Dynasty were reinterpreted into four types from the perspective of the combination of Dang and Jeong, and the junction of Jeong and Jeongsa. Dang and Jeong were either juxtaposed as separate buildings or implemented with a relationship of inclusion within one building. And the concept of Jeong, which was considered secondary to Dang, was used as a category that was replaced with the Jeongsa itself. Lastly, the name 'Jeongsa' was used, but the location had a strong character of 'Jeong', and the architectural form adhered to the form of 'Dang', thereby exquisitely reconstructing the composition of Muijeongsa as a single building.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.55-66
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• 2017

This study attempted to analyze how dancheong for palace tablets during the Joseon period was designed as related to what plans and what materials were being used. It also investigated how this unique culture formed. The results found the following: First, the tablet dancheong unveiled through literature was designed using diverse techniques such as jinchae and yeokcheongchil. In jinchae, shell powder was applied to the tablet as the first lacquering, and then was colored. Second, in lacquer, maechil, chaesaekchil and jeohyeoptaechil were used. In yeokcheongchil, vegetable black, oil ash and perilla oil were applied to bitumen. Third, during the Joseon Dynasty, dancheong was applied to a tablet after first lacquering just like the danpihoe lacquering of Jiangsu Sheng, China. This tablet dancheong technique was developed based on a unique Korean lacquering culture that had been handed down from ancient times.