• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2012

Many of the falling which is the number one risk factor in lethal accidents in construction could have been prevented if the right activity or supervising had been taken in time. All other measures do not preventive the fall, but rather intercept the fallen itself or preventive severe injury. The most common and the bets measures on the preventive measures are guardrails which are to be worn on the site. Workers always exposed the risk of serious accidents induced by causal effects related with environments around construction sites. In order to represent how to decrease the risk of workers, this study was accomplished with a number of interview with experienced site director, cheief of instructors, workers. And the questionaire survey (2012. 5~2012. 10) were used to make proposed policies which are expected to reduce critical disastrous accidents and strength authorized limits of director's management automatically.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2013

춘천 중도 유적에서 출토된 원삼국시대 경질무문토기 내부의 탄화된 물질에 대한 화학적 분석을 실시하였다. 가스크로마토그래피-질량분석과 퓨리에변환적외선분광분석을 이용하여 부착물에서 유래한 유기물의 정성분석을 수행한 결과, 지방산, 스테롤 등 지방성분이 검출되지 않았다. 탄소와 질소 안정동위원소 분석 결과 부착물을 구성하고 있는 탄소 안정동위원소 비는 평균 $-14.7{\pm}2.8$‰ (-8.7‰~-18.4‰, n=9), 질소 안정동위원소 비는 평균 $6.2{\pm}1.1$‰(-4.4‰~-7.6‰, n=9)로 나타났는데 이 결과는 부착물이 조리된 음식물에서 유래되었음을 추정할 수 있는 과학적 근거라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구결과는 안정동위원소 분석을 조리용 토기 내 탄화된 잔존물 분석에 적용한 국내 첫 사례로서 당시의 토기 용도와 식생활 습관에 대한 중요한 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 1997

DO concentration in the aquatic system is important for the water quality management perspective. Water quality model uses available reaeration coefficient (K2) estimation equations in calculating DO, however, they might include inevitable uncertainty that the model output can be less reliable. In this study, the calibrated QUAL2E model for the Passaic River in New Jersey, U.S., was used to examine the effect of K2 estimation equation on the output DO concentration of the river. The model was run with six commonly used equations separately with all the other conditions remained same. The result showed that the output DO concentration profiles varied widely with different equations, and maximum difference was 4.96 mg/L for the same location which is unacceptably large. It implies that the development of reliable equation is required for proper water quality management. The unreliable model output can lead to a wrong decision in water quality management such as unnecessarily high or too low treatment of wastewater, which will cause serious effect on the community economically and socially in either case. Generating more reliable model output with slight investment to develop a site specific K$_2$ equation can improve the decision making process significantly and is highly recommended.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.755-762
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• 2006

When we consider to develop a new harbor, the most important factor, we think, is the lowest water depth of waterway and approaching channel for safe navigation of vessel. The existing harbors have been being dredged to meet the international trend of jumbo sized vessels by adopting the new design criteria. As the dredged materials over the expected at the design level were common and there are still lack of land based reclamation area, we have no choice to discharge the dredged materials in open sea area In this study, we analysed the behavior of discharged materials at the dumping area of offshore, which were collected from the dredging work at the waterway in Busan New Port. We measured the tidal currents and analyzed the waters of dumping site after the dumping work. These were used to evaluate the numerical models. Suspended Solids(SS) were introduced to the diffusion model. Because of the characteristic of the dumping site, the speed of initial diffusion and settle down of the discharged materials was so fast. Therefore, we believe that the dumped materials do not cause a significant impact to the marine environment.

• Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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• 제7권
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• pp.77-86
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• 1996

An air chamber is design to keep the pressure from exceeding a predetermined value, or to prevent low pressures and colum separation. Therefore, it can be used to protect against rapid transients in a pipe system following abrupt pump stoppage. In this research, an air chmber was applied to a hypthetical pipe system to analyze attenuation effect of pressure head for different air volumes, locations, chamber areas, coefficients of orifice loss and pollytropic exponents. With an increase of air volume, the maximum pressure head at pump site is decreased and the minimum pressure head is imcreased. For different locations and areas of the chamber, the attenuation effects do not show much difference. Also, as the orifice loss coefficient increases, the maximum pressure head is decreased. For different polytropic exponents, isothermal process shows lower maximum pressure head than that of the adiabatic process.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제90권3호
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• pp.363-372
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• 2001

본 연구는 강원도 평창군 가리왕산 및 중왕산 지역 천연 활엽수림내에 분포하고 있는 층층나무의 입지 및 생장 특성을 알아보기 위하여 실시되었다. 이 지역에 출현하는 층층나무림의 지형적 특성은 해발 고도 800m~1,100m에 경사가 급하며, 북동에서 북서방향인 사면-계곡사면이었다. 층층나무가 자라고 있는 토양 특성은 A층의 토양 깊이가 평균 14.3cm로 깊고, 수분함량은 약 37.2%로 높으며, 토양 양료가 비옥한 지역이었다. 또한 층층나무와 함께 상층 임관을 구성하는 주요 수종은 신갈나무, 복장나무, 난티나무, 고로쇠나무 호랑버들 등 이었으며, 층층나무림내 하층 초본류는 십자고사리, 관중, 벌깨덩굴, 큰개별꽃, 곰취, 물봉선, 산괴불주머니, 참나물 등이 출현하였다. 해발고에 따른 층층나무의 생장은 해발고 900m 이하 지역에서 연평균직경생장량이 $4.06({\pm}0.90)mm$, 900m~1,000m 지역에서는 $2.51({\pm}0.65)mm$로 나타났다. 또한 해발고 1,000~1,100m 지역에서는 $3.28({\pm}0.12)mm$, 1,100m 이상 지역에서는 $2.81({\pm}0.35)mm$로 생장이 둔화되었다. 주로 북서사면에서 생장이 좋았으나 지형에 따른 생장량의 차이는 없었다.

• 암석학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 경기도 포천시 관인면 중리 늘거리 유적지에서 출토된 일부 석기의 육안 및 현미경 관찰 그리고 모드분석 결과를 근거로 주변 지역에 대한 야외지질조사를 통해 석기의 산지를 추정하였다. 연구에 사용된 늘거리 석기 12점은 화산회 응회암, 화산력 응회암, 화강반암, 안산암, 섬록반암 등의 암석으로 동정되었으며, 석기의 용도와 암석의 종류를 살펴보면 격지는 다양한 암석으로, 돌날과 돌조각은 주로 응회암질 암석으로 제작되었다. 석기의 산지로 화산력 응회암은 철원분지에 분포하는 동막골 응회암, 화강반암은 옥산리 남동쪽, 연천 동쪽에 소규모 암주로 산출되는 백악기 관입암류인 화강반암, 안산암은 유적지 북쪽에 위치한 안산암체가 그 산지로 밝혀졌으며, 섬록반암은 유적지 남쪽에서 위치한 섬록암체가 산지로 추정된다. 산지해석 결과, 연구 대상 석기는 유적지로부터 최대 15 km 이내의 주변에서 산출되는 암석과 같거나 유사하다.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2010

The mu opioid receptor (MOR) has been regarded as the main site of interaction with analgesics in major clinical use, particularly morphine. The repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) functions as a transcriptional repressor of neuronal genes in non-neuronal cells. However, it is expressed in certain mature neurons, suggesting that it may have complex and novel roles. In addition, the interactions between MOR and REST and their functions remain unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of morphine on the expression of REST mRNA and protein in human neuroblastoma NMB cells to investigate the roles of REST induced by MOR activation in neuronal cells. To determine the effects of morphine on REST expression, we performed RT-PCR, real-time quantitative RT-PCR, western blot analysis and radioligand binding assays in NMB cells. By RTPCR and real-time quantitative RT-PCR, the expression of REST was found to be unchanged by either the MOR agonist morphine or the MOR specific antagonist CTOP. By western blot, morphine was shown to significantly inhibit the expression of REST, but this suppression was completely blocked by treatment with CTOP. In the radioligand binding assay, the overexpression of REST led to an increased opioid ligand binding activity of endogenous MOR in the NMB cells. These results together suggest that morphine inhibits the expression of REST in human neuroblastoma cells through a post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism mediated through MOR.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.283-286
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• 2012

A trauma surgeon is always concerned about child abuse when he or she meets injured children. Abused children will be neglected if trauma surgeons only concentrate on the injured site or physical dynamics. Lately, violence on children has increased in Korea. Therefore, in this study, we considered child abuse through a review of the literatures. An eleven-year-old boy visited the emergency room vomiting with abdominal distension. He had been kicked in the abdomen by his step-mother 10 days earlier. The computed tomography revealed a transected pancreas tail and neck with a large pesudocyst (Fig. 1) and laboratory findings showed an elevated amylase level of more than 6,500 IU/L. Because he complained of severe pain with rebound tenderness on the whole abdomen, he underwent an emergent laparotomy, a distal pancreatectomy of the tail portion with an anti-leakage procedure on the cut surface of the pancreas. However, he underwent a distal pancreatectomy again on the neck portion of the pancreas because of a continuing pseudocyst with severe pain that could not be controlled with conservative managements. After that, his symptoms were improved and he returned to his daily life.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2004년도 학술발표회
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• pp.204-208
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• 2004

In the forthcoming 21C, the barometer of cultural lives depends on that the water demand will increase or not. On the opposite site of that, the small watersheds will influence directly on how to cover the surface of watersheds with land use, no planning developing watersheds, and the rearrangement of small rivers. Espacially as the exordinary climatic phenomena, water resources and water content of the small watersheds will be confused oil exactly not to make a plan of water resources. This study area has four small watersheds groups in Gangwon-Do Province, that is, group I five small river watersheds including Changchoncheon etc., group II fiver rivers watersheds including to Hwalsanmogicheon etc., group III five small river watersheds including Singicheon etc., group IV including to Sabulanggolcheon etc. According to the land use such as dry field(or farm), ice field, forest land, building lot arid others, in small watersheds, the amount of runoff will be impacted by precipitation. The comparison between the runoff was getting from Kajiyama Formular and calculated runoff from multi-linear regressed equations by land use percentage was performed. Its correlation which was estimated by coefficient of correlation will be accepted or not, as approched 1.00000 values. As the monthly water resources amount is estimated by multi-linear regressed equations, we make a plan to demand and supply the water quantity from small river watersheds during any return periods.